Editing 1858

{{Year dab|1858}}
{{Year nav|1858}}
[[File:Transatlantic submarine cable map.jpg|300px|thumb|[[August 5]]: the [[transatlantic telegraph cable|first telecommunications cable to link Europe and North America]] is inaugurated.]]
{{C19 year in topic}}{{Year article header|1858}}
{{TOC limit|2}}

== Events ==

=== January–March ===
* [[January 9]]
** [[Revolt of Rajab Ali]]: British forces finally defeat Rajab Ali Khan of [[Chittagong]].<ref name=sen>{{Cite book |last=Sen|first=Satyen|language=bn|trans-title=Story of the great rebellion|title=মহাবিদ্রোহের কাহিনী|pages=155–159}}</ref>
** [[Anson Jones]], the last president of the [[Republic of Texas]], commits suicide.
* [[January 14]] &ndash; [[Orsini affair]]: Piedmontese revolutionary [[Felice Orsini]] and his accomplices fail to assassinate [[Napoleon III]] in Paris, but their [[Orsini bomb|bomb]]s kill eight and wound 142 people. Because of the involvement of French émigrés living in Britain, there is a brief anti-British feeling in France, but the emperor refuses to support it. 
* [[January 25]] &ndash; The ''[[Wedding March (Mendelssohn)|Wedding March]]'' by [[Felix Mendelssohn]] becomes a popular wedding recessional, after it is played on this day at the marriage of [[Queen Victoria]]'s daughter [[Victoria, Princess Royal]], to [[Frederick III, German Emperor|Prince Friedrich of Prussia]] in [[St James's Palace]], London.<ref name="Pocket On This Day"/>
* [[January]]
**[[Benito Juárez]] becomes the Liberal [[President of Mexico]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Benito Juarez |url=https://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/j/juarez.htm|language=es|access-date=June 8, 2019}}</ref> and its first indigenous president. At the same time, the [[conservatives]] installed [[Félix María Zuloaga]] as a rival president.<ref name="robles"></ref>
**[[William I of Prussia]] becomes [[regent]] for his brother, [[Frederick William IV of Prussia|Frederick William IV]], who has suffered a stroke.<ref name=DHM>{{cite web |url=http://www.dhm.de/lemo/biografie/biografie-wilhelm-i.html |title=Biografie Wilhelm I |language=German |publisher=Deutsches Historisches Museum |access-date=12 June 2013 }}</ref> After Prince William's term acting as a  regent for the King had been extended three times, the ailing Frederick William signed a regency charter for him on 7 October 1858, based on an expert opinion from the royal personal physicians.<ref>{{Cite news |date=11 October 1858 |title=Aus Preußen |language=de |trans-title=From Prussia |page=1 |work=Wiener Zeitung |url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno?apm=0&aid=wrz&datum=18581011&seite=1}}</ref>
* [[February]]
* [[Queen Victoria]] announces her choice of [[Ottawa]] as capital of the [[Province of Canada]].
* [[February 11]] &ndash; [[Lourdes apparitions]]: Pauper girl [[Bernadette Soubirous]] of [[Lourdes]], fourteen, has a [[Vision (spirituality)|vision]] at the grotto of Massabielle, the first in a series of eighteen events which will come to be regarded as [[Marian apparition]]s.
* [[February 13]] &ndash; [[Richard Francis Burton]] and [[John Hanning Speke]] become the first Europeans to discover [[Lake Tanganyika]].<ref name="Pocket On This Day">{{cite book|title=Penguin Pocket On This Day|publisher=Penguin Reference Library|isbn=0-14-102715-0|year=2006}}</ref>
* [[March 13]] &ndash; [[Felice Orsini]] is executed by [[guillotine]] for the attempted assassination of [[Napoleon III]] of France.
* [[March 21]] &ndash; [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Indian Rebellion]]: British troops retake [[Lucknow]].
* [[March 30]] &ndash; [[Hymen Lipman]] patents a [[pencil]] with an attached [[eraser]] in the United States.

=== April–June ===
* [[April 16]] – The [[Wernerian Natural History Society]], a former Scottish [[learned society]], is wound up.
* [[April 19]] – The United States signs a treaty with the [[Yankton Sioux Tribe]].
* [[April 28]]–[[May 1]] – [[Battle of Grahovac]]: The [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]] are decisively defeated by  [[Montenegro|Montenegrin]] forces.
* [[May 11]] – [[Minnesota]] is admitted as the 32nd [[U.S. state]].
* [[May 13]] – [[John Ruskin]] begins a tour of Europe; he considers it a significant turning point in his life.<ref>{{cite book|first=John|last=Ruskin|title=Letters From The Continent, 1858|url=https://archive.org/details/lettersfromconti0000rusk|url-access=registration|editor=Hayman, John|publisher=University of Toronto Press|year=1982|isbn=0-8020-5583-4}}</ref>
* [[May 14]] – [[David Livingstone]]'s 6-year [[Second Zambesi expedition]] arrives at the African coast.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Zambesi Expedition |url=http://www.livingstoneonline.ucl.ac.uk/companion.php?id=HIST4 |work=Livingstone Online |access-date=2011-08-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302014847/https://www.livingstoneonline.ucl.ac.uk/companion.php?id=HIST4 |archive-date=March 2, 2012 }}</ref>
* [[May 19]] – "[[Bleeding Kansas]]: The [[Marais des Cygnes massacre]] is perpetrated by pro-slavery forces in the U.S. state of [[Kansas]].
* [[May]]–July – [[Mahtra War]]: Peasants in the [[Governorate of Estonia]], [[Russian Empire]] revolt against ongoing [[serfdom]], which was officially abolished in [[1816]].
* [[May]] (unknown date) – [[Japan]]ese [[Trading|trading company]], [[Itochu]] founded in [[Toyosato, Shiga]] [[Prefecture]], Japan.{{page needed|date=April 2020}}
* [[June 2]] – [[Comet Donati]], the first comet to be photographed, is discovered by [[Giovanni Battista Donati]], and remains visible for several months afterwards.
* [[June 13]]–[[June 17|17]] – The [[Treaty of Tientsin]] is signed, ending the first part of the [[Second Opium War]].
* [[June 16]] – [[Abraham Lincoln]] accepts the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] nomination for a seat in the [[United States Senate]], delivering [[Lincoln's House Divided Speech|his ''House Divided'' speech]] in [[Springfield, Illinois]].
* [[June 17]] – The [[Atlantic and North Carolina Railroad]] opens, operating 95 miles from [[Goldsboro, North Carolina|Goldsboro]], [[North Carolina]], to [[New Bern, North Carolina|New Bern]], North Carolina.<ref>[http://www.historync.org/railroads.htm CommunicationSolutions/ISI, "Railroads — prior to the Civil War"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726152211/http://historync.org/railroads.htm |date=July 26, 2011 }}, ''North Carolina Business History'', 2006, accessed 1 Feb 2010.</ref>
* [[June 18]] – The Queen of Jhansi, [[Rani Lakshmibai]], dies at 30 at [[Gwalior]], having been mortally wounded in combat against the British.
* [[June 19]] – A six-minute earthquake destroys much of [[Mexico City]] and devastates [[Texcoco, State of Mexico|Texcoco]].
* [[June 20]] – [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]]: The last rebels surrender in [[Gwalior]].
* [[June 23]] – Police of the [[Papal States]] seize Jewish boy [[Edgardo Mortara]], and take him away to be raised as a Catholic.

=== July–September ===
* [[July 1]] – [[On the Tendency of Species to form Varieties; and on the Perpetuation of Varieties and Species by Natural Means of Selection|A joint presentation]] of papers by [[Charles Darwin|Darwin]] and [[Alfred Russel Wallace]], announcing a theory of evolution by natural selection, are read at London's [[Linnean Society]].
* [[July 8]] – A peace treaty ends the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Indian Rebellion]].
* [[July 12]] –  ''[[The Advertiser (Adelaide)|The Advertiser]]'', a daily newspaper still in circulation, begins publication in [[Adelaide]], Australia.
* [[July 17]] – The [[HMS Lutine (1779)|Lutine bell]] is salvaged, and subsequently hung in [[Lloyd's of London]].
* [[July 28]] – In [[Bengal]], India, British officer [[William James Herschel]] uses the hand impression of Rajyadhar Konai, as a [[contract]] [[fingerprint]] signature.
* [[July 29]] –  The United States and Japan sign the [[Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–Japan)|Treaty of Amity and Commerce]], negotiated by [[Townsend Harris]].
* [[July]]
** [[Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour]] goads Austria into attacking [[Sardinia]].
** [[Pike's Peak Gold Rush]]: [[Fifty-Niner]]s stream into the [[Rocky Mountains]] of the western United States.
* [[August 2]]
** The [[Government of India Act 1858|Government of India Act]], passed by the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom]], transfers the territories of the British [[East India Company]] and their administration to the direct rule of the [[British Crown]], through a [[Secretary of State for India]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Wolpert|first=Stanley|year=1989|title=A New History of India|edition=3rd|pages=[https://archive.org/details/newhistoryofindi0003wolp/page/239 239–40]|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=0-19-505637-X|url=https://archive.org/details/newhistoryofindi0003wolp/page/239}}</ref>
** A bill is passed to create a modern sewage system in London as a result of [[the Great Stink]], when the heat of the summer made the smell from sewage in the Thames unbearable.
* [[August 5]] – [[Cyrus West Field]] and others complete the first transatlantic [[Telegraphy|telegraph]] cable, after several unsuccessful attempts. The service ends on [[September 1]], due to weak current.
* [[August 7]] – A football match, played under an unknown set of rules, is held between [[Melbourne Grammar School]] and [[Scotch College, Melbourne|Scotch College]].
* [[August 11]] – The [[Eiger]] is first ascended.
* [[August 16]] – U.S. President [[James Buchanan]] inaugurates the new trans-Atlantic [[Telegraphy|telegraph]] cable, by exchanging greetings with [[Queen Victoria]]. However, a weak signal forces a shutdown of the service in a few weeks.
* [[August 21]] – The first of the [[Lincoln–Douglas debates]] is held in [[Illinois]].
[[File:Atlanticcablestamp.jpg|thumb|230px|right| [[August 5]]: A commemorative stamp for the first [[transatlantic telegraph cable]].]]
* [[August]] – The first [[aerial photography]] is carried out by [[Nadar (photographer)|Nadar]], from a [[moored balloon]] in France.<ref>{{cite web|title=Brief history of aerial photography|url=http://findaerialphotography.com/history.php|publisher=www.findaerialphotography.com|year=2007|access-date=2015-01-02}}</ref>
* [[September 11]] – [[Dom (mountain)|Dom]], the third-highest summit in the Alps, is first ascended.
* [[September]] – [[Cochinchina Campaign]]: French warships, under [[Charles Rigault de Genouilly]], attack and occupy [[Da Nang]], [[Vietnam]].

=== October–December ===
* [[October 21]] – [[Jacques Offenbach]]'s [[operetta]] ''[[Orpheus in the Underworld]]'', featuring music associated with the [[can-can]], is first performed in Paris.
* [[October 28]] – [[Macy's]] [[department store]], founded by [[Rowland Hussey Macy|R. H. Macy]], opens for business in New York City.
* [[November 12]] – [[Johann II, Prince of Liechtenstein]], succeeds to the throne aged 18; he will rule until his death in [[1929]], the second-longest in European royal history and the longest precisely documented tenure of any monarch without a regent since antiquity.
* [[November 16]] – The 2,400,000th day of the [[epoch (astronomy)|Epoch]] of the [[Julian day]] is reached.
* [[November 17]] 
** The city of [[Denver, Colorado]], is founded.
**  Modified [[Julian day|Julian Day]] zero starts on this date.
* [[December 7]] — Mexican Conservative interim president [[Félix María Zuloaga]] proclaims the [[Plan of Tacubaya]] to abolish the [[Reform War|Reform Laws]], setting off a three-year civil war (1857–1860).<ref name="robles">{{cite web|title=El único y olvidado presidente de Guanajuato|url=https://www.ruletarusa.mx/lab/el-presidente-de-mexico-que-guanajuato-olvido/|website=Ruleta Rusia|date=January 12, 2017|language=es|trans-title=The only and forgotten president of Guanajuato|access-date=June 8, 2019}}</ref>
* [[December 24]] — [[Manuel Robles Pezuela]] (1817–1862) becomes Conservative president of Mexico.<ref name="robles"></ref>
* [[December 29]] – The Northern Railway Company is established in Madrid, Spain, with a purpose to construct the Northern Railway.
* [[December 30]] – [[Paraguay expedition]]: Seventeen U.S. Navy warships, under the command of [[William Shubrick]], depart from Uruguay on a mission to demand concessions from [[Paraguay]], and to go to war if necessary.

=== Date unknown ===
* The [[Russian Empire]] changes its [[Flag of Russia|flag]].
* [[William M. Tweed]] begins his 13-year term as "[[Political boss|Boss]]" of [[Tammany Hall]].
* The ''[[haute couture]]'' firm of [[Charles Frederick Worth|Worth]] and Bobergh is established in Paris.
* [[The Miners Association]] is established in [[Cornwall]], England, UK.
* [[Feudalism]] and [[serfdom]] in [[Bulgaria]] are abolished in the Ottoman Empire (practically in [[1880]]).
* Squibb Pharmacy, as predecessor of [[Bristol-Myers Squibb]], a worldwide [[Pharmaceutical|pharmaceutical brand]], is founded in [[New York City|New York]], United States.{{page needed|date=May 2020}}

== Births ==

=== January–February ===
[[File:Diesel 1883.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Rudolf Diesel]]]]
[[File:Max Planck 1933.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Max Planck]]]]
[[File:Gustaf V av Sverige.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Gustaf V of Sweden]]]]
[[File:Lillie Eginton Warren (1902).png|thumb|110px|[[Lillie Eginton Warren]]]]
* [[January 7]] – [[Eliezer Ben-Yehuda]], Russian-born advocate of the Hebrew language (d. [[1922]])
* [[January 10]] – [[Heinrich Zille]], German illustrator, photographer (d. [[1929]])
* [[January 11]] – [[Harry Gordon Selfridge]], American department store magnate (d. [[1947]])<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Harry Gordon Selfridge|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/533543/Harry-Gordon-Selfridge|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=6 June 2018}}</ref>
* [[January 13]] – [[Oskar Minkowski]], Lithuanian physician (d. [[1931]]) 
* [[January 22]] – [[Frederick Lugard, 1st Baron Lugard]], English soldier, explorer and colonial administrator (d. [[1945]])
* [[January 25]] – [[Lillie Eginton Warren]], American speech therapy pioneer (d. [[1926]])
* [[January 27]] – [[Neel Doff]], Dutch-born French author (d. [[1942]])
* [[January 28]] – [[Eugène Dubois]], Dutch paleoanthropologist and geologist (d. [[1940]])
* [[February 15]] – [[John Joseph Montgomery]], American glider pioneer (d. [[1911]])
* [[February 18]] – [[Wilhelm Schmidt (engineer)|Wilhelm Schmidt]], German pioneer of [[superheated steam]] for use in [[Steam locomotive|locomotive]]s (d. [[1924]])
* [[February 19]] – [[Charles Alexander Eastman]], Native American author, physician, reformer, helped found the Boy Scouts of America (d. [[1939]])<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://muse.jhu.edu/login?auth=0&type=summary&url=/journals/studies_in_american_indian_literatures/v017/17.2ruoff.html |last=Ruoff |first=A. LaVonne Brown |title=Eastman's Maternal Ancestry |journal=Studies in American Indian Literatures |series=2 |volume=17 |number=2  |pages=10–17 |year=2005 |doi=10.1353/ail.2005.0059 |s2cid=161273742 |accessdate=20 June 2022}}</ref>
* [[February 24]] – [[Alphonse Jacques de Dixmude]], Belgian general (d. [[1928]])

=== March–April ===
* [[March 6]] – [[Samuel Untermyer]], American lawyer (d. [[1940]]) 
* [[March 8]] – [[Ida Hunt Udall]], American diarist, homesteader (d. [[1915]]) 
* [[March 9]] – [[Gustav Stickley]], American furniture designer, architect (d. [[1942]])
* [[March 10]] – [[Kōkichi Mikimoto]], Japanese pearl farm pioneer (d. [[1954]])
* [[March 15]] – [[Liberty Hyde Bailey]], American botanist (d. [[1954]]) 
* [[March 18]] – [[Rudolf Diesel]], German inventor, automotive pioneer (d. [[1913]])<ref>{{cite book|title=The Engineer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wDBEAQAAIAAJ|year=1958|publisher=Morgan-Grampian (Publishers)|page=386}}</ref>
* [[March 23]] – [[Ludwig Quidde]], German pacifist, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[1941]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Bernard S. Schlessinger|author2=June H. Schlessinger|title=The Who's who of Nobel Prize Winners, 1901-1995|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y0c4PgFznyMC|year=1996|publisher=Oryx Press|isbn=978-0-89774-899-5|page=157}}</ref>
* [[March 27]] – [[Richard Friedrich Johannes Pfeiffer]], German physician, bacteriologist (d. [[1945]])
* [[March 28]] – [[Joséphin Péladan]], French novelist (d. [[1918]])
* [[March 30]] – [[DeWolf Hopper]], American actor, singer, comedian, and theatrical producer (d. [[1935]])
* [[April 3]] – [[Mary Harrison McKee]], ''de facto'' [[First Lady of the United States]] (d. [[1930]])
* [[April 19]] – [[May Robson]], Australian-born American actress (d. [[1942]])
* [[April 22]] – [[Fritz Mayer van den Bergh]], Belgian art collector and art historian (d. [[1901]])
* [[April 23]] – [[Max Planck]], German physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1947]])
* [[April 30]] – [[Mary Dimmick Harrison]], 2nd wife of President [[Benjamin Harrison]] (d. [[1948]])

=== May–June ===
* [[May 8]] – [[Heinrich Berté]], Austrian operetta composer (d. [[1924]])
* [[May 15]] – [[Cecil Burney]], British admiral (d. [[1929]])
* [[May 21]] – [[Édouard Goursat]], French mathematician (d. [[1936]])
* [[May 26]] – [[Horace Smith-Dorrien]], British general (d. [[1930]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Ian F. W. Beckett|author2=Steven J. Corvi|title=Haig's Generals|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TMvHDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT256|date=19 July 2007|publisher=Pen & Sword Books|isbn=978-1-78303-491-8|pages=256}}</ref>
* [[June 5]] – [[Carl Swartz]], 14th Prime Minister of Sweden (d. [[1926]])
* [[June 8]] – [[Charlotte Scott]], English mathematician (d. 1931)<ref>{{cite book | first=Patricia | last=Clark Kenschaft | chapter=Charlotte Angas Scott | editor1-last=Grinstein | editor1-first=Louise S. | editor2-last=Campbell | editor2-first=Paul J. | title=Women of Mathematics: a Biobibliographic Sourcebook | place=New York | publisher=Greenwood Press | year=1987 | isbn=978-0-3132-4849-8 | page=193}}</ref>
* [[June 12]] – [[Harry Johnston]], British explorer, botanist, artist, colonial administrator, linguist (d. [[1927]])<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Henry Hamilton Johnston|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/history/african-history-biographies/sir-harry-hamilton-johnston|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of World Biography|access-date=25 January 2022}}</ref>
* [[June 16]]
** King [[Gustaf V of Sweden]] (d. [[1950]])
** [[William D. Boyce]], founder of the Boy Scouts of America (d. [[1929]])
** [[Isabel Grimes Richey]], American poet (d. [[1910]])
* [[June 19]] – Sir [[George Alexander (actor)|George Alexander]], English actor (d. [[1918]])
* [[June 20]]
**[[Charles W. Chesnutt]], African-American author, essayist, political activist (d. [[1932]])
**[[Paul Maistre]], French general (d. [[1922]])
**[[Alexander Ragoza]], Russian general and Ukrainian politician (d. [[1919]])
* [[June 28]] – [[Otis Skinner]], American film actor (d. [[1943]])

=== July–August ===
[[File:T Roosevelt.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Theodore Roosevelt]]]]
[[File:Selma Lagerlöf.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Selma Lagerlöf]]]]
[[File:GiacomoPuccini.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Giacomo Puccini]]]]
[[File:Emmeline Pankhurst, seated (1913).jpg|thumb|110px|[[Emmeline Pankhurst]]]]
* [[July 9]] – [[Franz Boas]], German anthropologist (d. [[1942]])
* [[July 14]] – [[Emmeline Pankhurst]], English suffragette, mother of [[Christabel Pankhurst|Christabel]], [[Sylvia Pankhurst|Sylvia]] and [[Adela Pankhurst]] (d. [[1928]])
* [[July 16]] – [[Petar Bojović]], Serbian field marshal (d. [[1945]])
* [[July 20]] – [[Baba Sawan Singh]], Second Satguru of Radha Soami Satsang Beas (d. [[1948]])
* [[July 21]] – [[Maria Christina of Austria]], queen consort of Spain, second wife of [[Alfonso XII of Spain]] (d. [[1929]])
* [[July 28]] – [[José Luis Tamayo]], 20th President of Ecuador (d. [[1947]])
* [[Gabriel Anton]], Austrian Neurologist (d. [[1933]])
* [[August 1]] – [[Hans Rott]], Austrian composer (d. [[1884]])
* [[August 2]] – [[Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont]], queen consort, regent of the Netherlands (d. [[1934]])
* [[August 10]] – [[Georgi Todorov (general)|Georgi Todorov]], Bulgarian general (d. [[1934]])
* [[August 11]] – [[Christiaan Eijkman]], Dutch physician, pathologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1930]])
* [[August 13]] – [[G. E. M. Skues]], Newfoundland-born British inventor of nymph [[fly fishing]] (d. [[1949]])
* [[August 15]] – [[E. Nesbit]], English children's novelist (d. [[1924]])
* [[August 18]] – [[Thomas S. Rodgers]], American admiral (d. [[1931]])
* [[August 19]] 
**[[Alfred Dyke Acland]], British military officer (d. [[1937]])
**[[Ellen Willmott]], English horticulturalist (d. [[1934]])
* [[August 21]] – [[Ethlyn T. Clough]], American newspaper owner, editor, and manager (d. [[1936]])
* [[August 27]] – [[Giuseppe Peano]], Italian mathematician (d. [[1932]])<ref>{{cite book|author=H. Kennedy|title=Peano: Life and Works of Giuseppe Peano|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J_WPBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1|date=6 December 2012|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-94-009-8984-9|pages=1}}</ref>
* [[August 30]] – [[Ignaz Sowinski]], Polish architect (d. [[1917]])

=== September–October ===
* [[September 1]] 
** [[Andrew Jackson Zilker]], American philanthropist (d. [[1934]])
** [[Carl Auer von Welsbach]], Austrian chemist and inventor (d. [[1929]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Jagdish Mehra|title=The Historical Development of Quantum Theory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AwmQTGB8LwMC&pg=PA162|year=1987|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-0-387-95179-9|pages=162}}</ref>
* [[September 15]] – [[Emma Augusta Sharkey]], American [[Dime novel|dime novelist]] (d. [[1902]])
* [[September 16]]
**[[Carl August Ehrensvärd (1858–1944)|Carl August Ehrensvärd]], Swedish admiral and politician (d. [[1944]])
**[[Bonar Law]], Canadian-born [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] (d. [[1923]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Robert Eccleshall|author2=Graham Walker|title=Biographical Dictionary of British Prime Ministers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H6yGAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA262|date=1 June 2002|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-66231-9|pages=262}}</ref>
* [[September 21]] – [[Shimamura Hayao]], Japanese admiral (d. [[1923]])
* [[October 3]] – [[Eleonora Duse]], Italian actress (d. [[1924]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Gaetana Marrone|author2=Paolo Puppa|title=Encyclopedia of Italian Literary Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d9NcAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA654|date=26 December 2006|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-45530-9|pages=654}}</ref>
* [[October 12]] – [[John L. Sullivan]], American heavyweight boxing champion (d. [[1918]])
* [[October 15]] – [[William Sims]], American admiral (d. [[1936]])
* [[October 19]] – [[George Albert Boulenger]], Belgian naturalist (d. [[1937]])
* [[October 25]] – [[Take Ionescu]], 29th prime minister of Romania (d. [[1922]])
* [[October 27]]
** [[Theodore Roosevelt]], 26th [[President of the United States]], recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[1919]])
** [[Saitō Makoto]], Japanese admiral, 19th [[Prime Minister of Japan]] (d. [[1936]])

=== November–December ===
* [[November 10]] – [[Heinrich XXVII, Prince Reuss Younger Line]], German prince (d. [[1928]])
* [[November 20]] – [[Selma Lagerlöf]], Swedish writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1940]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Thomson Gale (Firm)|title=Nobel Prize Laureates in Literature: Lagerkvist-Pontoppidan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fqQjAQAAIAAJ|year=2007|publisher=Thomson Gale|isbn=978-0-7876-8149-4|page=29}}</ref>
* [[November 23]] – [[Albert Ranft]], Swedish theatre director, actor (d. [[1938]])
* [[November 26]] – [[Katharine Drexel]], American [[Roman Catholic]] [[saint]] (d. [[1955]])
* [[November 30]] – [[Jagadish Chandra Bose]], Indian physicist (d. [[1937]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Monoranjon Gupta|title=Jagadishchandra Bose: A Biography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bp4gAQAAMAAJ|year=1970|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan|page=2}}</ref>
* [[December 18]] – [[Kata Dalström]], Swedish politician (d. [[1923]])
* [[December 19]] – [[Adolf Schiel]], German-born officer in Boer armed forces (d. [[1903]])
* [[December 22]] – [[Giacomo Puccini]], Italian composer (d. [[1924]])
* [[December 25]] – [[Herman P. Faris]], American temperance movement leader (d. [[1936]])
* [[December 27]] – [[Juan Luis Sanfuentes]], 16th President of Chile (d. [[1930]])<ref>{{cite book|author=William Belmont Parker|title=Chileans of To-day|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-Dk_AAAAIAAJ|year=1920|publisher=G. P. Putnam's sons|page=1}}</ref>

== Deaths ==

=== January–June ===
[[File:Vicente Ramón Roca.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Vicente Ramón Roca]]]]
[[File:Jose de la Riva Aguero y Sanchez Boquete.jpg|thumb|110px|[[José de la Riva Agüero]]]]
* [[January 4]] – [[Amelia Griffiths]], English phycologist (b. [[1768]])
* [[January 5]] – [[Joseph Radetzky von Radetz]], Austrian field marshal (b. [[1766]])
* [[January 9]] – [[Anson Jones]], 4th and last [[President of the Republic of Texas]] (suicide) (b. [[1798]])
* [[February 21]] –  [[John K. Kane]], American politician and jurist (b. [[1795]])
* [[February 23]] – [[Vicente Ramón Roca]], 3rd [[President of Ecuador]] (b. [[1792]])
* [[March 4]] – Commodore [[Matthew Calbraith Perry]], American naval officer (b. [[1794]])
* [[March 13]] – [[Georgios Kountouriotis]], Prime Minister of Greece (b. [[1782]])
* [[April 7]] – [[Anton Diabelli]], Austrian composer (b. [[1781]])
* [[May 11]] – [[Joseph Gensoul]], French surgeon (b. [[1797]])
* [[May 21]] – [[José de la Riva Agüero]], Peruvian soldier and politician, 1st President of Peru and 2nd President of North Peru (b. [[1783]])
* [[June 3]] – [[Julius Reubke]], German composer (b. [[1834]])
* [[June 18]] – [[Rani of Jhansi]], Indian queen of Jhansi and independence activist (b. [[1828]])
* [[June 28]]
** [[Jane Marcet]], British science writer (b. [[1769]])<ref>{{cite DNB|wstitle=Marcet, Jane|volume=36}}</ref>
** [[Auguste de Montferrand]], French architect (b. [[1786]])

=== July–December ===
[[File:Harriet Mill from NPG.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Harriet Taylor Mill]]]]
[[File:Portrait of Alois II of Liechtenstein, Friedrich Schilcher (1858).jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Aloys II, Prince of Liechtenstein]]]]
* [[August 14]] – [[Tokugawa Iesada]], 13th ''[[shōgun]]'' of the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] of Japan (b. [[1824]])
* [[August 31]] &ndash; [[Chief Oshkosh]], Menominee chief (b. [[1795]])
* [[September 9]] – [[Thomas Assheton Smith II]], English politician, cricketer (b. [[1776]])
* [[September 17]] – [[Dred Scott]], African-American slave (b. c. [[1795]])
* [[November 3]] – [[Harriet Taylor Mill]], British philosopher, women's rights advocate (b. [[1807]])
* [[November 12]] – [[Aloys II, Prince of Liechtenstein]] (b. [[1796]])
* [[November 15]] – [[Li Xubin]], Chinese military leader (b. [[1817]])
* [[November 17]] – [[Robert Owen]], British social reformer (b. [[1771]])
* [[November 24]] – [[Wincenty Krasiński]], Polish military leader (b. [[1782]])
* [[December 3]] – [[Joseph Marie Élisabeth Durocher]], French geologist (b. [[1817]])
* [[December 13]] – [[Karl Ludwig Philipp Zeyher]], German botanist (b. [[1799]])
* [[December 17]] – [[Mustafa Reşid Pasha]], Ottoman statesman (b. [[1800]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1858}}
[[Category:1858| ]]