Editing 1852

{{Year dab|1852}}
{{Year nav|1852}}
[[File:1852 Colton's Map of the World on Mercator's Projection ( Pocket Map ) - Geographicus - World-colton-1852.jpg|thumb|250px|The world in 1852]]
[[File:Charles Edward Dixon HMS Birkenhead 1845 troopship steam frigate.jpg|thumb|250px|[[February 25]]: HMS ''Birkenhead'' sinks, killing 450 people but establishing the principle of "women and children first".]] 
{{C19 year in topic}}
{{Year article header|1852}}
{{TOC limit|2}}

== Events ==

===January&ndash;March===
* [[January 14]] &ndash; President [[Napoleon III|Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte]] proclaims a [[French Constitution of 1852|new constitution]] for the [[French Second Republic]].
* [[January 15]] &ndash; Nine men representing various Jewish [[charitable organization]]s come together to form what will become [[Mount Sinai Hospital, New York|Mount Sinai Hospital]] in New York City.
* [[January 17]] &ndash; The United Kingdom recognizes the independence of the [[South African Republic|Transvaal]].
* [[February 3]] &ndash; [[Battle of Caseros]], [[Argentina]]: The Argentine provinces of [[Entre Ríos Province|Entre Rios]] and [[Corrientes]], allied with [[Brazil]] and members of [[Colorado Party (Uruguay)|Colorado Party]] of Uruguay, defeat Buenos Aires troops under [[Juan Manuel de Rosas]].
* [[February 11]] &ndash; The first British public toilet for women opens in [[Bedford Street]], London.
* [[February 14]] &ndash; The [[Great Ormond Street Hospital]] for Sick Children, London, admits its first patient.
* [[February 15]] &ndash; The [[Helsinki Cathedral]] (known as ''St. Nicholas' Church'' at time) is officially inaugurated in [[Helsinki]], [[Grand Duchy of Finland|Finland]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Ruuth|first=Martti|title=Helsingin Suurkirkko satavuotias|page=7|publisher=Helsingin evankelis-luterilaisten seurakunta|location=Helsinki|year=1952|language=fi}}</ref>
* [[February 16]] &ndash; The [[Studebaker]] Brothers Wagon Company, precursor of the automobile manufacturer, is established in [[South Bend, Indiana]].
* [[February 19]] &ndash; [[Phi Kappa Psi]] fraternity is founded in [[Canonsburg, Pennsylvania]], at [[Washington & Jefferson College|Jefferson College]].
* [[February 25]] &ndash; {{HMS|Birkenhead|1845|6}} sinks near [[Cape Town]], [[British Cape Colony]]. Only 193 of the 643 on board survive, after troops stand firm on the deck so as not to overwhelm the [[Lifeboat (shipboard)|lifeboat]]s containing women and children.
* [[March 1]] &ndash; [[Archibald Montgomerie, 13th Earl of Eglinton]], is appointed [[Lord Lieutenant of Ireland]].
* [[March 2]] &ndash; The first American experimental steam [[fire engine]] is tested.<ref>{{cite book|first=William T.|last=King|title=History of the American Steam Fire-Engine|url=https://archive.org/details/historyamerican01kinggoog|year=1896|publisher=Pinkham Press}}</ref>
* [[March 4]] &ndash; [[Phi Mu]] sorority is founded in Macon, Georgia.
* [[March 17]] &ndash; [[Annibale de Gasparis]] discovers the asteroid [[16 Psyche|Psyche]] from the north dome of the [[Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte]] in [[Naples]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Lick Observatory|title=Publications of the Lick Observatory of the University of California|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GH02AQAAIAAJ|year=1935|publisher=The University|page=23}}</ref>
* [[March 18]] &ndash; [[Henry Wells]] and [[William Fargo]] create [[Wells Fargo|Wells Fargo & Company]].
* [[March 20]] &ndash; ''[[Uncle Tom's Cabin]]'', by [[Harriet Beecher Stowe]], is published in book form in [[Boston]], Massachusetts.

===April&ndash;June===
* [[April 1]] &ndash; The [[Second Anglo-Burmese War]] begins.
* [[April 18]] &ndash; [[Taiping Rebellion]] in China: Taiping forces begin the siege of [[Guilin]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Sergeĭ Leonidovich Tikhvinskiĭ|title=Modern History of China|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sZdCAAAAYAAJ|year=1983|publisher=Progress Publishers|page=166}}</ref>
* [[May 19]] &ndash; Taiping Rebellion: The siege of Guilin is lifted.
* [[June 12]] &ndash; Taiping Rebellion: Taiping forces enter [[Hunan]].
* [[June 30]] &ndash; The [[New Zealand Constitution Act 1852]] is passed by the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom]] to grant the British [[Colony of New Zealand|colony]] self-government with a representative constitution.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.parliament.nz/en/visit-and-learn/history-and-buildings/quick-history/|publisher=New Zealand Parliament|title=Quick history|date=2021-06-29|accessdate=2022-08-31}}</ref>

===July&ndash;September===
* [[July 1]] &ndash; American statesman [[Henry Clay]] is the first to receive the honor of [[lying in state]] in the [[United States Capitol rotunda]].
* [[July 5]] &ndash; [[Frederick Douglass]] delivers his famous speech, "[[What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?]]", in [[Rochester, New York]].
* [[July 28]] &ndash; ''[[Henry Clay (Steamboat)|Henry Clay]]'' [[steamboat]] disaster in [[Riverdale, Bronx]], claims several lives, including [[Stephen Allen (American politician)|Stephen Allen]].
* [[August 3]] &ndash; The first American intercollegiate athletic event, the [[Harvard–Yale Regatta|Boat Race]] between [[Yale University|Yale]] and [[Harvard University|Harvard]], is held.
* [[August 23]] &ndash; Boston missionary Reverend Benjamin Galen Snow lands on the island of [[Kosrae]] in the [[Caroline Islands]] ([[Micronesia]]) first to bring the gospel to the island.
* [[September 11]] &ndash; [[Revolution of 11 September 1852]] in Argentina: [[Buenos Aires Province]] declares independence.
* [[September 19]] &ndash; [[Annibale de Gasparis]] discovers the asteroid [[20 Massalia|Massalia]] from the north dome of the [[Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte]] in [[Naples]].
* [[September 24]] &ndash; French engineer [[Henri Giffard]] makes the first [[airship]] trip, from Paris to [[Trappes]].

===October&ndash;December===
* [[October 7]] &ndash; After learning that U.S. President Fillmore has sent Commodore [[Matthew C. Perry]] to open trade with Japan, [[Nicholas I of Russia]] sends Rear Admiral [[Yevfimy Putyatin]] to lead the ''Pallada'' on a similar mission (Putyatin arrives on [[August 21]], [[1853]], one month after Perry).<ref>{{cite book|first=Hiroshi|last=Kimura|title=The Kurillian Knot: A History of Japanese-Russian Border Negotiations|location=California|publisher=Stanford University Press|year=2008|page=23}}</ref>
* [[October 16]] &ndash; After nearly five years' imprisonment in France, former Algerian Emir [[Abdelkader El Djezairi]] is released by orders of then-president [[Napoleon III|Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Chateaux of the Loire|publisher=Casa Editrice Bonechi|year=2007|page=10}}</ref>
* [[October 23]] &ndash; The conjecture of the [[four color theorem]] is first proposed, as student [[Francis Guthrie]] of [[University College London]] presents the question of proving, mathematically, that no more than four colors are needed to give separate colors to bordering shapes on a map (the theorem is not proven for almost 123 years, until [[1976]]).<ref>{{cite book|first=Donald|last=MacKenzie|title=Mechanizing Proof: Computing, Risk, and Trust|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts|publisher=MIT Press|year=2004|page=103}}</ref>
* [[October 31]] &ndash; General Joaquin Solares of [[Guatemala]] leads an invasion of neighboring [[Honduras]], beginning a war that lasts until [[February 13]], [[1856]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Robert L.|last=Scheina|title=Latin America's Wars|volume=I|publisher=Potomac Books, Inc.|year=2003|page=1849}}</ref>
* [[November]] &ndash; [[Leo Tolstoy]]'s [[debut novel]] ''[[Childhood (Tolstoy novel)|Childhood]]'' is published under the initials L. N., in this month's issue of the Saint Petersburg literary journal ''[[Sovremennik]]'' (and later in book form).
* [[November 2]] &ndash; [[1852 United States presidential election]]: [[United States Democratic Party|Democrat]] [[Franklin Pierce]] of [[New Hampshire]] defeats [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]] [[Winfield Scott]] of [[Virginia]].
* [[November 4]] &ndash; [[Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour]] becomes the [[Piedmont]]ese prime minister.
* [[November 11]] &ndash; The new [[Palace of Westminster]] opens in London as the home of the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom]].
* [[November 21]]&ndash;[[November 22|22]] &ndash; The [[Second French Empire|New French Empire]] is confirmed by [[1852 French Second Empire referendum|plebiscite]]: 7,824,000 ''for'', 253,000 ''against''.
* [[November 23]] &ndash; The first roadside [[pillar box]]es in the British Isles are brought into public use in [[Saint Helier]], on [[Jersey]] in the [[Channel Islands]], at the suggestion of English novelist [[Anthony Trollope]], at this time an official of the British [[General Post Office]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Jean Young|last=Farrugia|title=The Letter Box: A History of Post Office Pillar and Wall boxes|location=Fontwell|publisher=Centaur Press|year=1969|isbn=0-90000014-7|page=27}}</ref>
* [[November 26]] &ndash; A [[1852 Banda Sea earthquake|magnitude 7.5 to 8.8 earthquake]] strikes near the Banda Islands, Dutch East Indies, triggering a deadly tsunami.<ref name="Ringer">{{cite journal |author1=H. Ringer |author2=J. P. Whitehead |author3=J. Krometis |author4=R. A. Harris |author5=N. Glatt-Holtz |author6=S. Giddens |author7=C. Ashcraft |author8=G. Carver |author9=A. Robertson |author10=M. Harward |author11=J. Fullwood |author12=K. Lightheart |author13=R. Hilton |author14=A. Avery |author15=C. Kesler |author16=M. Morrise |author17=M. H. Klein |title=Methodological Reconstruction of Historical Seismic Events From Anecdotal Accounts of Destructive Tsunamis: A Case Study for the Great 1852 Banda Arc Mega-Thrust Earthquake and Tsunami |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth |date=2021 |volume=126 |issue=4 |doi=10.1029/2020JB021107 |url=http://www.geology.byu.edu/Home/sites/default/files/2021_jgr_banda_1852_reconstruciton.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.geology.byu.edu/Home/sites/default/files/2021_jgr_banda_1852_reconstruciton.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live |access-date=19 June 2021|arxiv=2009.14272 |bibcode=2021JGRB..12621107R |s2cid=222066748 }}</ref>
* [[December]] &ndash; The [[Western Railroad (North Carolina)|Western Railroad]] is chartered to build a railroad from [[Fayetteville, North Carolina|Fayetteville]], [[North Carolina]], to the coal fields of [[Cumnock, North Carolina|Egypt]], North Carolina.<ref>[http://www.historync.org/railroad-WRR.htm CommunicationSolutions/ISI, "Railroad — Western Railroad Company"], ''North Carolina Business History'', 2006, accessed 1 Feb 2010.</ref>
* [[December 2]] &ndash; [[Napoleon III]] becomes [[List of French monarchs|Emperor of the French]].
* [[December 4]] &ndash; The French [[Siege of Laghouat|capture Laghouat]].
* [[December 23]] &ndash; [[Taiping Rebellion]]: The Taiping army takes [[Hanyang District|Hanyang]] and begins the siege of [[Wuchang, Hubei|Wuchang]].
* [[December 29]] &ndash; [[Taiping Rebellion]]: The Taiping army takes [[Hankou]].

===Date unknown===
* The [[grooved rail]] is developed by [[Alphonse Loubat]].<ref>{{cite book|author=James E. Vance|title=Capturing the Horizon: The Historical Geography of Transportation Since the Sixteenth Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3OsJAQAAMAAJ|year=1990|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|isbn=978-0-8018-4012-8|page=359}}</ref>
* The [[Devil's Island]] penal colony opens in the colony of [[French Guiana]].
* The [[semaphore line]] in France is superseded by the [[telegraph]].
* [[Smith & Wesson]] is founded as a firearms manufacturer in the United States.
* In [[Hawaii]], sugar planters bring over the first Chinese laborers on 3- or 5-year contracts, giving them 3 dollars per month plus room and board for working a 12-hour day, 6 days a week.
* Germans are encouraged to [[German Chilean|immigrate]] to [[Chile]].
* The British [[Inman Line]] is the first to offer United States-bound migrants steerage passage in a steamer, {{SS|City of Glasgow}}.
* [[Loyola College in Maryland|Loyola College]] is chartered in [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]].
* [[Antioch College]] is founded in [[Yellow Springs, Ohio]] (its first president is Horace Mann).
* [[Mills College]] is founded as the Young Ladies Seminary in [[Benicia, California]].
* The French Catholic [[De La Salle Brothers]] arrive from Europe in [[Singapore in the Straits Settlements|Singapore]], aboard ''La Julie'', and sail up to [[Penang]] in the [[Straits Settlements]], to found the first [[Lasallian educational institutions]] in Asia.
* [[Justin Perkins]], an American [[Presbyterian]] missionary, produces the first translation of the [[Bible]] in [[Assyrian Neo-Aramaic]], which is published with the parallel text of the [[Syriac language|Syriac]] [[Peshitta]], by the American Bible Society.

== Births ==

===January&ndash;March===
[[File:EUNORA MONROE BABCOCK.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Elnora Monroe Babcock]]]] 
[[File:John Harvey Kellogg ggbain.15047.jpg|thumb|110px|[[John Harvey Kellogg]]]]
[[File:Friedrich Loeffler 3.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Friedrich Loeffler]]]]
[[File:Antoni Gaudi 1878.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Antoni Gaudi]]]]
[[File:Alice Liddell.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Alice Liddell]]]]
* [[January 8]] &ndash; [[James Milton Carroll]], American Baptist pastor, leader, historian and author (d. [[1931]])
* [[January 11]] &ndash; [[Constantin Fehrenbach]], [[Chancellor of Germany (German Reich)|Chancellor of Germany]] (d. [[1926]])
* [[January 18]] &ndash; [[Augustin Boué de Lapeyrère]], French admiral (d. [[1924]])
* [[January 20]] &ndash; [[José Guadalupe Posada]], Mexican political engraver and printmaker (d. [[1913]])
* [[January 26]] &ndash; [[Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza]], Italian-born explorer of Africa (d. [[1905]])
* [[February 5]] &ndash; [[Terauchi Masatake]], 9th Prime Minister of Japan (d. [[1919]])
* [[February 16]] &ndash; [[Charles Taze Russell]] (Pastor Russell), American Protestant reformer, evangelist, forerunner of [[Jehovah's Witnesses]] (d. [[1916]])
* [[February 26]] &ndash; [[John Harvey Kellogg]], American Adventist doctor and health reformer (d. [[1943]])
* [[March 1]] &ndash; [[Théophile Delcassé]], French statesman (d. [[1923]])

===April&ndash;June===
* [[April 1]] &ndash; [[Edwin Austin Abbey]], American painter (d. [[1911]])
* [[April 3]] &ndash; [[Talbot Baines Reed]], English author (d. [[1893]])<ref>{{cite book|last= Morison|first= Stanley|title= Talbot Baines Reed: Author, Bibliographer, Typefounder|publisher= Published by Stanley Morison: printed privately by the Cambridge University Press|location= Cambridge, England|year= 1960 |pages=1&ndash;3}}</ref>
* [[April 13]] &ndash; [[Frank Winfield Woolworth]], American merchant, businessman (d. [[1919]])
* [[April 22]] &ndash; [[William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg]] (d. [[1912]])
* [[May 1]]
** [[Santiago Ramón y Cajal]], Spanish histologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1934]])
** [[Calamity Jane|Martha "Calamity" Jane Canary]], [[American frontier|American frontierswoman]] (d. 1903)
* [[May 2]] &ndash; [[Max von Gallwitz]], German general (d. [[1937]])
* [[May 4]] &ndash; [[Alice Pleasance Liddell]], inspiration for the English children's classic ''Alice's Adventures in Wonderland'' by Lewis Carroll (d. [[1934]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Anne Clark Amor|title=The Real Alice: Lewis Carroll's Dream Child|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R0EfAQAAIAAJ|year=1982|publisher=Stein and Day|isbn=978-0-8128-2870-2|page=13}}</ref>
* [[May 13]] &ndash; [[Dashi-Dorzho Itigilov]], Buryat [[Buddhist]] leader (d. [[1927]])
* [[May 14]]
** [[Émile Fayolle]], French general (d. [[1928]])
** [[Alton B. Parker]], American judge, Democratic political candidate (d. [[1926]])
* [[May 22]] &ndash; [[Moritz von Auffenberg]], Austro-Hungarian general and politician (d. [[1928]])
* [[May 31]]
** [[Aleksei Aleksandrovich Bobrinsky]], Soviet historian and politician (d. [[1927]])
** [[Julius Richard Petri]], German bacteriologist (d. [[1921]])
* [[June 13]] &ndash; [[Anna Whitlock]], Swedish women's rights activist  (d. [[1930]])
* [[June 24]] &ndash; [[Victor Adler]], Austrian politician (d. [[1918]])
* [[June 25]]
** [[Antoni Gaudí]], Spanish modernist architect (d. [[1926]])
** [[Friedrich Loeffler]], German bacteriologist (d. [[1915]])
* [[June 30]] &ndash; [[Karl Petrovich Jessen]], Russian admiral (d. [[1918]])

===July&ndash;September===
[[File:Vant Hoff.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff]]]]
[[File:Herbert-Henry-Asquith-1st-Earl-of-Oxford-and-Asquith.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[H. H. Asquith]]]]
[[File: EVA KINNEY GRIFFITH.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Eva Kinney Griffith]]]]
[[File:Убеншвуаншвышь.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Emil Fischer|Hermann Emil Fischer]]]]
[[File:Black and white portrait of emperor Meiji of Japan.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Emperor Meiji]]]]
[[File:ELLA MARIA BALLOU.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Ella Maria Ballou]]]]
[[File:Gonbei Yamamoto suit.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Yamamoto Gonnohyōe]]]]
[[File:Paul Nadar - Henri Becquerel.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Henri Becquerel]]]]
* [[July 9]] &ndash; [[Grigore C. Crăiniceanu]], Romanian general and politician (d. [[1935]])
* [[July 12]] &ndash; [[Hipólito Yrigoyen]], 18th [[President of Argentina]] (d. [[1933]])
* [[July 15]] &ndash; [[Josef Josephi]], Polish-born singer and actor (d. [[1920]])
* [[July 20]]
** [[Theo Heemskerk]], Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. [[1932]])
** [[Maria Brace Kimball]], American elocutionist (d. [[1933]])
* [[July 31]] &ndash; [[Charles Lanrezac]], French general (d. [[1925]])
* [[August 4]]
** [[Catharine van Tussenbroek]], Dutch physician (d. [[1925]])
** [[Charles Coborn]], British singer (d. [[1945]])
* [[August 23]] &ndash; [[Clímaco Calderón]], 15th [[President of Colombia]] (d. [[1913]])
* [[August 30]] &ndash; [[Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff]], Dutch chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1911]])
* [[September 6]] &ndash; [[Schalk Willem Burger]], Boer military leader, lawyer, politician, and statesman, acting [[President of the South African Republic]] (1900–1902) (d. [[1918]])
* [[September 8]] &ndash; [[Gojong of Korea|Gojong]], 26th king of the Korean Joseon dynasty, first emperor of Korea (d. [[1919]])
* [[September 10]] &ndash; [[Hans Niels Andersen]], Danish businessman, founder of the [[East Asiatic Company]] (d. [[1937]])
* [[September 12]] &ndash; [[H. H. Asquith]], [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] (d. [[1928]])
* [[September 28]]
** [[John French, 1st Earl of Ypres]], British field marshal, commander of the British Expeditionary Force in World War I (d. [[1925]])
** [[Henri Moissan]], French chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1907]])
* [[September 29]] &ndash; [[Ijuin Gorō]], Japanese admiral (d. [[1921]])
* [[September 30]] &ndash; [[Charles Villiers Stanford]], Irish composer, resident in England (d. [[1924]])

===October&ndash;December===
[[File:1921 Leonardo Torres Quevedo.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Leonardo Torres Quevedo]]]]
* [[October 2]] &ndash; [[William Ramsay]], Scottish chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1916]])
* [[October 9]] &ndash; [[Emil Fischer]], German chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1919]])
*[[October 11]] &ndash; [[Mary Isabella Macleod]], North American pioneer (d. [[1933]])
* [[October 16]] &ndash; [[Carl von In der Maur]], Governor of Liechtenstein (d. [[1913]])
* [[October 17]] &ndash; [[George Egerton (Royal Navy officer)|George Egerton]], British admiral (d. [[1940]])
* [[November 1]] &ndash; [[Eugene W. Chafin]], American politician (d. [[1920]])
* [[November 3]] &ndash; [[Emperor Meiji]] of [[Japan]] (d. [[1912]])
* [[November 6]] &ndash; [[Béni Grosschmid]], Hungarian jurist and civil law scholar (d. [[1938]])<ref>{{cite book | last= Szabó | first= Béla |pages= 264 | chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xDEhREaVhOIC&pg=PA264 | chapter= Grosschmid, Béni
|editor= Michael Stolleis|title= Juristen: ein biographisches Lexikon; von der Antike bis zum 20. Jahrhundert |edition= 2nd |year= 2001 |publisher= Beck |location= München |language= German |isbn= 3406-45957-9}}</ref>
* [[November 7]] &ndash; [[Johan Ramstedt]], 9th Prime Minister of Sweden (d. [[1935]])
* [[November 8]] &ndash; [[Eva Kinney Griffith]], American activist and writer (d. [[1918]])
* [[November 11]] &ndash; [[Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf]], Austro-Hungarian field marshal (d. [[1925]])
* [[November 15]] &ndash; [[Ella Maria Ballou]], American writer (d. [[1937]])
* [[November 22]] &ndash; [[Paul Henri Balluet d'Estournelles de Constant]], French diplomat, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[1924]])
* [[November 26]] &ndash; [[Yamamoto Gonnohyōe]], 16th and 22nd [[Prime Minister of Japan]], admiral in the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] (d. [[1933]])
* [[December 10]] &ndash; [[Felix Graf von Bothmer]], German general (d. [[1937]])
* [[December 15]]
** [[Henri Becquerel]], French physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1908]])
** [[Reginald F. Nicholson]], United States Navy admiral (d. [[1939]])
* [[December 19]] &ndash; [[Albert A. Michelson]], German-born physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1931]])
* [[December 21]] &ndash; [[George Callaghan]], British admiral (d. [[1920]])
* [[December 28]] – [[Leonardo Torres Quevedo]], Spanish engineer, one of pioneers of [[History of computer science|computing]] and the [[radio control]], inventor of [[El Ajedrecista]] (The Chess Player) (d. [[1936]])

===Date unknown===
* [[Emma Eliza Bower]], American physician, club-woman, and newspaperwoman (d. [[1937]])
* [[Liu Buchan]], Chinese admiral (d. [[1895]])
* [[Gef]], supposed Indian-born Manx talking mongoose (presumed hoax of 1930s)

== Deaths ==

===January&ndash;June===
[[File:Paavo Ruotsalainen.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Paavo Ruotsalainen]]]]
[[File:David Etienne Maurice Gerard.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Étienne Maurice Gérard]]]]
[[File:Sara Coleridge 7.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Sara Coleridge]]]]
* [[January 1]] &ndash; [[John George Children]], British chemist, mineralogist and zoologist (b. [[1777]])
* [[January 6]] &ndash; [[Louis Braille]], French teacher of the blind, inventor of [[braille]] (b. [[1809]])
* [[January 27]] &ndash; [[Paavo Ruotsalainen]], Finnish farmer and lay preacher (b. [[1777]])<ref>[https://www.aholansaari.fi/paavo-ruotsalainen/ Paavo Ruotsalainen – Aholansaari] (in Finnish)</ref>
* [[February 10]] &ndash; [[Samuel Prout]], English watercolour painter (b. [[1783]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://artuk.org/discover/artists/prout-samuel-17831852|title=Samuel Prout (1783-1852)|website=artuk.org|access-date=3 January 2017}}</ref>
* [[March 4]] &ndash; [[Nikolai Gogol]], Russian writer (b. [[1809]])
* [[March 22]] &ndash; [[Auguste de Marmont]], French general, nobleman and marshal (b. [[1774]])
* [[April 17]] &ndash; [[Étienne Maurice Gérard]], French general, statesman and marshal, 11th [[Prime Minister of France]] (b. [[1773]])
* [[May 3]] &ndash; [[Sara Coleridge]], British author and translator (b. [[1802]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Paula R. Feldman|title=British Women Poets of the Romantic Era: An Anthology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cg6Jn410aCIC&pg=PA198|date=19 January 2001|publisher=JHU Press|isbn=978-0-8018-6640-1|pages=198}}</ref>
* [[May 15]] &ndash; [[Louisa Adams]], [[First Lady of the United States]] (b. [[1775]])
* [[June 7]] &ndash; [[José Joaquín Estudillo]], second Mexican alcalde of Yerba Buena (b. [[1800]])
* [[June 21]] &ndash; [[Friedrich Fröbel]], German pedagogue (b. [[1782]])
* [[June 29]] &ndash; [[Henry Clay]], American statesman (b. [[1777]])

===July&ndash;December===
[[File:Sir Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington.png|thumb|110px|[[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington]]]]
[[Image:Friedrich Ludwig Jahn.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Friedrich Ludwig Jahn]]]]
[[File:Georg August Wallin (1811-1852), Scandinavian orientalist and explorer.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Georg August Wallin]]]]
[[File:Ada Lovelace portrait.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Ada Lovelace]]]]
* [[July 20]] &ndash; [[José Antonio Estudillo]], early California settler (b. [[1805]])
* [[August]] &ndash; [[Táhirih]], Iranian Baha'i theologian, poet and feminist  (b. [[1814]])
* [[August 14]] &ndash; [[Margaret Taylor]], [[First Lady of the United States]] (b. [[1788]])
* [[August 24]] &ndash; [[Sarah Guppy]], English inventor (b. [[1770]]) 
* [[September 4]] &ndash; [[William MacGillivray]], Scottish naturalist and ornithologist (b. [[1796]])
* [[September 8]] &ndash; [[Anna Maria Walker]], Scottish botanist (b. [[1778]])
* [[September 14]]
** [[Augustus Pugin]], English architect (b. [[1812]])
** [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington]], British general and political figure, twice [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] (b. [[1769]])
* [[September 20]] &ndash; [[Philander Chase]], American founder of Kenyon College (b. [[1775]])
* [[October 7]] &ndash; [[Sir Edward Troubridge, 2nd Baronet]], British admiral (b. ca. [[1787]])
* [[October 13]] &ndash; [[John Lloyd Stephens]], American traveler, diplomat and Mayanist archaeologist (b. [[1805]])
* [[October 15]] &ndash; [[Friedrich Ludwig Jahn]], German gymnastics educator (b. [[1778]])
* [[October 23]] &ndash; [[Georg August Wallin]], Finnish [[Orientalism|orientalist]], explorer and professor (b. [[1811]])<ref>[http://www.blf.fi/artikel.php?id=3679 WALLIN, Georg August (1811–1852) – Biografiskt lexikon för Finland] (in Swedish)</ref>
* [[October 24]] &ndash; [[Daniel Webster]], American statesman (b. [[1782]])
* [[October 25]] &ndash; [[John C. Clark]], American politician (b. [[1793]])
* [[October 26]] &ndash; [[Vincenzo Gioberti]], Italian philosopher (b. [[1801]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Samuel J. Rogal|title=Calendar of Literary Facts: A Daily and Yearly Guide to Noteworthy Events in World Literature from 1450 to the Present|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5pgjAQAAIAAJ|year=1991|publisher=Gale Research|isbn=978-0-8103-2943-0|page=35}}</ref>
* [[November 2]] &ndash; [[Pyotr Kotlyarevsky]], Russian military hero (b. [[1782]])
* [[November 10]] &ndash; [[Gideon Mantell]], English geologist, palaeontologist (b. [[1790]])
* [[November 17]] &ndash; [[Adam Karl August von Eschenmayer]], German philosopher (b. [[1768]])
* [[November 18]] &ndash; [[John Andrew Shulze]], American politician (b. [[1775]])
* [[November 27]] &ndash; [[Ada Lovelace|Augusta Ada King (née Byron), Countess of Lovelace]], early English computer pioneer (b. [[1815]])
* [[November 29]] &ndash; [[Nicolae Bălcescu]], Wallachian revolutionary (b. [[1819]])
* [[November 30]] &ndash; [[Junius Brutus Booth]], English-born stage actor, father of [[Edwin Booth]] and [[John Wilkes Booth]] (b. [[1796]])
* [[December 16]] &ndash; [[Andries Hendrik Potgieter]], Voortrekker leader (b. [[1792]])
* ''date unknown'' &ndash; [[Joanna Żubr]], Polish soldier (b. [[1770]])

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite book |title=The Annual Register of World Events: A Review of the Year |url= https://archive.org/details/annualregisterw03unkngoog |year=1853 |location=London |publisher=Longman, Green}} highly detailed coverage of events of 1852 in British Empire and worldwide.

{{DEFAULTSORT:1852}}
[[Category:1852| ]]
[[Category:Leap years in the Gregorian calendar]]