Editing 1839

{{Year dab|1839}}
{{Year nav|1839}}
[[File:Destruction of opium in 1839.jpg|250px|thumb|[[June 3]]: China's Imperial Commissioner [[Lin Zexu]] begins month-long program of destroying [[opium]] seized from British traders, triggering the First Opium War]]
{{C19 year in topic}}
{{Year article header|1839}}

== Events ==

=== January–March ===
* [[January 2]] – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer [[Louis Daguerre]].
* [[January 6]] – [[Night of the Big Wind]]: Ireland is struck by the most damaging [[cyclone]] in 300 years.
* [[January 9]] – The [[French Academy of Sciences]] announces the [[daguerreotype]] [[photography]] process.
* [[January 19]] – The British [[Aden Expedition]] captures Aden.
* [[January 20]] – [[Battle of Yungay]]: [[Chile]] defeats the [[Peru–Bolivian Confederation]], leading to the restoration of an independent [[Peru]].
* [[January]] – The first [[parallax]] measurement of the distance to [[Alpha Centauri]] is published by [[Thomas Henderson (astronomer)|Thomas Henderson]].
* [[February 11]] – The [[University of Missouri]] is established, becoming the first public university west of the [[Mississippi River]].
* [[February 24]] – [[William Otis]] receives a U.S. [[patent]] for the [[steam shovel]].
* [[March 5]] – [[Longwood University]] is founded in [[Farmville, Virginia]].
* [[March 7]] – [[Baltimore City College]], the third public high school in the United States, is established in [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]].
* [[March 9]]
** The [[Anti-Corn Law League]] is founded in [[Manchester]], England.
** The [[Pastry War]] between [[July Monarchy|France]] and [[Centralist Republic of Mexico|Mexico]] ends.
** [[Prussia]] imposes the Child Labor Law of 1839, becoming the first nation in the world to place restrictions on [[Child labour|child labor]].
* [[March 23]]
**An [[1839 Ava earthquake|earthquake in the Kingdom of Burma]] kills more than 400 people and destroys three cities, as well as heavily damaging the capital at [[Inwa|Ava]].
**The ''[[Boston Morning Post]]'' first records the use of "O.K." ([[oll korrect]]).
* [[March 26]] – The first [[Henley Royal Regatta]] is held on the [[River Thames]] in England.

=== April–June ===
* [[April 9]] – The world's [[Cooke and Wheatstone telegraph|first commercial electric telegraph line]] comes into operation, alongside the [[Great Western Railway]] line in England, from [[London Paddington station]] to [[West Drayton]].
* [[April 19]] – The [[Treaty of London (1839)|Treaty of London]] establishes [[Belgium]] as a [[Monarchy|kingdom]], with its independence and neutrality guaranteed by the [[great power]]s of Europe. Half of the [[Province of Limburg (1815–39)|Limburg]] province of [[Belgium]] is added to the [[Netherlands]], giving rise to a [[Limburg (Belgium)|Belgian Limburg]] and [[Limburg (Netherlands)|Dutch Limburg]] (the latter being joined (from [[September 5]]) to the [[German Confederation]]).
* [[April 24]] – [[Boston University]] is established as the Newbury Biblical Institute in Vermont.
* [[May 7]]–[[May 11|11]] – The [[Bedchamber Crisis]] in the United Kingdom: Following the announcement by Prime Minister [[William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne|Lord Melbourne]] that he intends to resign,<ref> Mark Hovell, ''The Chartist Movement'' (Manchester University Press, 1966) p143.</ref> [[Robert Peel]] asks (for political reasons) that [[Queen Victoria]] dismiss some of her personal attendants, [[Lady of the Bedchamber|Ladies of the Bedchamber]], as a condition for his forming a government. Victoria refuses to accept the condition and Melbourne is persuaded to stay on as Prime Minister.<ref>{{cite hansard |title = Ministerial Explanations |house = House of Commons |date = 13 May 1839 |url = https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1839/may/13/ministerial-explanations#column_984 |column_start = 984 |column_end = 985 |speaker = Robert Peel }}</ref>
* 13 May – First [[Rebecca Riots]] targeted against [[Turnpike trust|turnpikes]] in Wales, at [[Efailwen]] in [[Carmarthenshire]].<ref name="Welsh Academy">{{cite book |last=Davies |first=John |author2=Jenkins, Nigel  |title=The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales |year=2008 |publisher=University of Wales Press |location=Cardiff|page=730 |isbn=978-0-7083-1953-6}}</ref>
* [[May 12]] – Socialist activist [[Louis Auguste Blanqui]] and the ''Société des Saisons'' begin an uprising against the government of [[France]]. The insurrection is suppressed, but not before 50 people are killed and 190 wounded. Blanqui is imprisoned until [[1848]].<ref> Jill Harsin, ''Barricades: The War of the Streets in Revolutionary Paris, 1830-1848'' (Palgrave Macmillan, 2002) p124.</ref>
* [[May 22]] – Former British statesman [[John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham|Lord Durham]], as President of the [[New Zealand Company]], formally asks the British government for permission to colonize [[New Zealand]], and to establish a colonial government under the sovereignty of the United Kingdom.<ref>T. Lindsay Buick, ''The French at Akaroa: An Adventure in Colonization'' (Cambridge University Press, 1928)(reprinted 2011) p294</ref>
* [[May 23]] – Turkish troops cross the [[Euphrates]] River and invade Syria, but are defeated in battle in June.<ref>Charles Alan Fyffe, ''A History of Modern Europe'', Volume 2 (Cassell & Company, 1886) p453</ref>
* [[June 3]] – [[Destruction of opium at Humen]] begins, ''[[casus belli]]'' for Britain to open the 3-year [[First Opium War]] against [[Qing dynasty]] China. A rapid rise in the sale of opium in China to over 40,000 chests (~{{convert|56,000|kg}} per annum)<ref>{{cite book|last=Greenberg|first=Michael|author-link=Michael Greenberg (economist)|title=British Trade and the Opening of China 1800-1841|year=1969|format=preview|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QNo8AAAAIAAJ|page=113|quote=expansion in imports from 16,550 chests in the season 1831-2 to over 30,000 in 1835-6, and 40,000 in 1838-9}}</ref><ref name=CIH>{{cite book|title=The Cambridge Illustrated History of China|editor1-last=Ebrey|editor1-first=Patricia Buckley|editor1-link=Patricia Buckley Ebrey|year=2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-19620-8|page=236|edition=2nd|chapter=Chapter 9: Manchus and Imperialism: The Qing Dynasty 1644–1900}}</ref> has caused the Chinese government to dispatch scholar-official [[Lin Zexu]] to [[Guangzhou]] to deal with the [[History of opium in China|growing problem of opium addiction]].
* [[June 22]] – [[Louis Daguerre]] receives a patent for his camera (commercially available by September at the price of 400 francs).
* [[June 27]] – The [[emperor]] of the [[Sikh Empire]], [[Maharaja Ranjit Singh]], dies at 58.

=== July–September ===
[[File:Storming Column entering Fortress at Ghuznee.jpg|thumb|Lithograph depicting the [[July 23]] storming of the fortress during the [[Battle of Ghazni]].]]
* [[July 1]]
** Slaves aboard the ''[[United States v. The Amistad|Amistad]]'' rebel, and capture the ship.
** [[Abdülmecid I]] (1839–[[1861]]) succeeds [[Mahmud II]] ([[1808]]–1839) as [[Ottoman Emperor]].
* [[July 23]] – [[First Anglo-Afghan War]]: [[Battle of Ghazni]] – British forces capture the fortress city of [[Ghazni]] in [[Afghanistan]].
* [[August 8]] – The Fraternity of [[Beta Theta Pi]] is founded by John Reily Knox at Miami University.
* [[August 19]] – The French government gives the [[daguerreotype]] "for the whole world".
* [[August 31]] – The [[First Carlist War]] (Spain) ends with the [[Convenio de Vergara]], also known as the Abrazo de Vergara ("the embrace in Vergara"; Bergara in Basque), between liberal general [[Baldomero Espartero, Prince of Vergara|Baldomero Espartero, Count of Luchana]] and Carlist General Rafael Maroto.
* [[September 4]] – [[Battle of Kowloon]]: British vessels open fire on Chinese war [[Junk (ship)|junk]]s enforcing a food sales embargo on the British community in China in the first armed conflict of the [[First Opium War]].

=== October–December ===
* [[October 3]] – A railway between [[Naples]] and [[Portici]] ({{convert|7.4|km|mi|abbr=on}}) in the [[Kingdom of the Two Sicilies]] is inaugurated by [[Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies|King Ferdinand II]] of [[House of Bourbon|Bourbon]] as the first line in the [[Italian Peninsula]].
* [[October 15]] – [[Emir Abdelkader]] declares a [[jihad]] against the [[France|French]].
* [[November 4]] – [[Newport Rising]]: Between 5,000 and 10,000 [[Chartism|Chartist]] sympathisers march on [[Newport, Monmouthshire]], to liberate Chartist prisoners; around 22 are killed when troops fire on the crowd.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/citizenship/struggle_democracy/lovell.htm|title=John Lovell and the People's Charter|work=The struggle for democracy|publisher=[[The National Archives (United Kingdom)|The National Archives]]|location=Kew|year=2003|access-date=2019-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926235009/http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/citizenship/struggle_democracy/lovell.htm|archive-date=2007-09-26|url-status=live}}</ref> This is the last large-scale armed civil rebellion against authority in mainland Britain and sees the most deaths.
* [[November 11]] – The [[Virginia Military Institute]] is founded in [[Lexington, Virginia]].
* [[November 17]] – [[Giuseppe Verdi]]'s first opera, ''[[Oberto (opera)|Oberto, conte di San Bonifacio]]'', opens in [[Milan]].
* [[November 25]] – A disastrous [[cyclone]] hits India with terrible winds and a giant 40-foot [[storm surge]], wiping out the port city of [[Coringa, Andhra Pradesh|Coringa]]; 300,000 people die.
* [[November 27]] – The [[American Statistical Association]] is founded in [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]].
* [[December 6]] – The [[Whig Party (United States)]], at its first ever [[1839 Whig National Convention|national convention]], in [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania]], nominates former U.S. Army General [[William Henry Harrison]] to be its candidate for President of the United States in the [[1840]] election. Although Senator [[Henry Clay]] of Kentucky has received 103 of the 128 necessary votes on the first ballot, he obtains only 90 on the final vote, while Harrison gets 148. Former U.S. Senator [[John Tyler]] is unanimously nominated for vice president.<ref>{{cite book|first=Stan M.|last=Haynes|title=The First American Political Conventions: Transforming Presidential Nominations, 1832-1872|publisher=McFarland|year=2012|page=54}}</ref>
* [[December 26]] – [[Heinola]] in the Grand Duchy of Finland is granted [[town rights]] by Czar [[Nicholas I of Russia|Nicholas I]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.narc.fi:8080/VakkaWWW/Selaus.action;jsessionid=1EE6C5199C45DC7DEE91F3D1C5F1D8F1?kuvailuTaso=AM&avain=850.KA|title=Arkistonmuodostaja: Heinolan maistraatti|publisher=[[The National Archives of Finland]]|access-date=September 3, 2021|language=fi}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.heinola.fi/kaupunki-ja-paatoksenteko/kaupunkiesittely/tietoa-heinolasta/heinolan-historia/|title=Heinolan historia|publisher=Town of Heinola|access-date=September 3, 2021|language=fi}}</ref>

=== Date unknown ===
* The [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]], backed by the [[Russian Empire]] and the [[Austrian Empire]], compels [[July Monarchy]] France to abandon [[Muhammad Ali of Egypt]], and forces him to return [[Syria]] and [[Arabia]] to the [[Ottoman Empire]].
* Khalid bin Saud Al Suad usurps the throne from [[Faisal bin Turki bin Abdullah Al Saud]], who assumed power of Nejd in 1834, and is sent to Cairo as prisoner. Omar bin Ofaysan, the Amir Faisal's governor in the Eastern Province seeks asylum in [[Bahrain]], but Khalid the pretender demands his surrender and the surrender of the fort at [[Dammam]]; then under the control of the Al Khalifa of Bahrain.
* Khorshid Pasha vows to attack Bahrain to exert Egyptian rule over Bahrain, but his attack is prevented after Shaikh Abdulla bin Ahmed of Bahrain pays tribute.
* A quarrel breaks out between the Chief of [[Abu Dhabi]] of the Beniyas tribe, Shaikh Khalifa bin Shakboot, and the fugitives who settled there after their departure from Bahrain, the Al Binali tribe. Under the command of their leader, Isa bin Tureef Al Binali, they relocate to Kenn Island where they exercise depredations over the Bahrain and other Gulf vessels. Their motive is to restore their belongings which they abandoned upon leaving Bahrain.
* ''[[Tanzimat]]'' starts in the [[Ottoman Empire]].
* Emperor [[Minh Mạng]] renames [[Việt Nam]] to Đại Nam.
* In the [[United States]], the first state law permitting women to own property is passed in [[Jackson, Mississippi]].
* [[Michael Faraday]] publishes ''Experimental Researches in Electricity'',<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/14986|title=Experimental Researches in Electricity|access-date=2025-04-01}}</ref> clarifying the true nature of [[electricity]].
* [[Charles Goodyear]] [[Vulcanization|vulcanizes]] [[rubber]].
* [[Valley Falls Company]], a predecessor of [[Berkshire Hathaway]], a [[Conglomerate (company)|conglomerate]] and [[Holdings company|holdings company]] in the United States, is founded in [[Rhode Island]].{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
* [[Chattanooga, Tennessee]], is incorporated as a town.
* [[Galveston, Texas]], is incorporated.
* [[Episcopal High School (Alexandria, Virginia)]] is founded in [[Alexandria, Virginia]], as the first high school in Virginia.
* Archaeological excavation at the Mayan site of [[Copán]] begins.{{citation needed|date=April 2025}}

== Births ==

=== January–June ===
[[File:Paul cezanne 1861.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Paul Cézanne]] {{dubious|date=July 2021}}]]
[[File:Marianne Hainisch.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Marianne Hainisch]]]]
[[File:Josiah Willard Gibbs -from MMS-.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]]]]
[[File:FredericTilton2.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Frederic W. Tilton]]]]
* [[January 2]] – [[Gustave Trouvé]], French electrical engineer, inventor (d. [[1902]])
* [[January 8]] – [[William A. Clark]], American politician, entrepreneur (d. [[1925]])
* [[January 9]] – [[John Knowles Paine]], American composer (d. [[1906]])
* [[January 19]] – [[Paul Cézanne]], French painter (d. [[1906]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Paul Cézanne {{!}} French artist {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paul-Cezanne |website=www.britannica.com |access-date=14 May 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[January 26]] – [[Rachel Lloyd (chemist)|Rachel Lloyd]], American chemist (d. [[1900]])
* [[February 6]] – [[Caroline Testman]], Danish women's rights activist  (d. [[1919]])
* [[February 11]]
** [[Josiah Willard Gibbs]], American physicist, chemist (d. [[1903]])
** [[Almon Brown Strowger]], American telecommunications engineer (d. [[1902]])
* [[February 15]] – [[Rayko Zhinzifov]], Bulgarian poet and translator (d. [[1877]])<ref>{{cite book |editor=Igor I. Kaliganov |title=Materials for the virtual Museum of Slavic Cultures. Issue II |date=2020 |publisher=Institute of Slavic Studies of RAS |location=Moscow |isbn=978-5-7576-0440-4 |page=277 |url=https://inslav.ru/publication/materials-virtual-museum-slavic-cultures-issue-ii-m-2020}}</ref>
* [[February 18]] – [[Pascual Cervera y Topete]], Spanish admiral (d. [[1909]])
* [[February 22]] – [[Francis Pharcellus Church]], American editor, publisher (d. [[1906]])
* [[March 3]] – [[Jamsetji Tata]], Indian Parsi businessman (d. [[1904]])
* [[March 8]] – [[Josephine Cochrane]], American inventor of the first commercially successful dishwasher (d. [[1913]])
* [[March 15]] – [[Daniel Ridgway Knight]], American artist (d. [[1924]])
* [[March 16]]
** [[Sully Prudhomme]], French poet, critic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. [[1907]])<ref>{{cite web |title=The Nobel Prize in Literature 1901 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1901/prudhomme/biographical/ |website=NobelPrize.org |access-date=4 September 2021}}</ref>
** [[John Butler Yeats]], Irish artist (d. [[1922]])<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Byrne |editor1-first=James Patrick |editor2-last=Coleman |editor2-first=Philip |editor3-last=King |editor3-first=Jason Francis |title=Ireland and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History : a Multidisciplinary Encyclopedia |date=2008 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-85109-614-5 |page=923 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=agfvVQnBu9MC&pg=PA923}}</ref>
* [[March 21]] – [[Modest Mussorgsky]], Russian composer (d. [[1881]])
* [[March 23]] – [[Julius von Hann]], Austrian meteorologist (''The father of modern meteorology'') (d. [[1921]])
* [[March 25]]
** [[Carlo Pellegrini (caricaturist)|Carlo Pellegrini]], Italian caricaturist (d. [[1889]])
** [[Marianne Hainisch]], founder, leader of the Austrian women's movement (d. [[1936]])
* [[March 27]] – [[John Ballance]], 14th [[Premier of New Zealand]] (d. [[1893]])
* [[April 3]] – [[Karl, Freiherr von Prel]], German philosopher (d. [[1899]])
* [[April 8]] – [[Belle L. Pettigrew]], American teacher, missionary (d. [[1912]])
* [[April 12]] – [[Nikolay Przhevalsky]], Russian explorer (d. [[1888]])
* [[April 16]] – [[Antonio Starabba, Marchese di Rudinì]], 12th Prime Minister of Italy (d. [[1908]])
* [[April 23]] – [[Tom Allen (boxer)|Tom Allen]], English boxer (d. [[1903]])
* [[April 30]]
** [[Floriano Peixoto]], 2nd President of Brazil (d. [[1895]])
** [[Tsukioka Yoshitoshi|Yoshitoshi]], Japanese artist (d. [[1892]])
* [[May 21]]  – [[Mary of the Passion]], French [[Roman Catholic]] religious sister, missionary, and blessed (d. [[1904]])
* [[June 1]]  – [[Abdyl Frashëri]], Albanian politician (d.[[1892]])
* [[June 10]] – [[Ludvig Holstein-Ledreborg]], Prime Minister of Denmark (d. [[1912]])
* [[June 17]] – [[Arthur Tooth]], [[Anglican]] [[clergyman]] prosecuted for [[Ritualism in the Church of England|Ritualist]] practices in the [[1870s]] (d. [[1931]])
* [[June 21]] – [[Machado de Assis]], Brazilian author (d. [[1908]])

=== July–December ===
[[File:Portrait of J. D. Rockefeller.jpg|thumb|110px|[[John D. Rockefeller]]]]
[[File:Alfred_Sisley_photo_full.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Alfred Sisley]]]]
* [[July]] – [[Baba Jaimal Singh]], Founder of Radha Soami Satsang Beas (d. [[1903]])
* [[July 6]] – [[Édouard Pottier]], French admiral (d. [[1903]])
* [[July 8]] – [[John D. Rockefeller]], American industrialist, philanthropist (d. [[1937]])
* [[July 17]] – [[Ephraim Shay]], American inventor of the [[Shay locomotive]] (d. [[1916]])
* [[July 18]] – [[James Surtees Phillpotts]], English author (d. [[1930]])
* [[July 22]] – [[Jacob Hägg]], Swedish admiral and painter (d. [[1931]])
* [[July 28]] – [[Isabelle Gatti de Gamond]], Italo-Belgian educationalist, feminist, and politician (d. [[1905]])
* [[July 31]] – [[Ignacio Andrade]], 37th President of Venezuela (d. [[1925]])
* [[August 4]] – [[Walter Pater]], English essayist, critic (d. [[1894]])
* [[August 8]] – [[Nelson A. Miles]], American general (d. [[1925]])
* [[August 15]] – [[Antonín Petrof]], Czech piano maker (d. [[1915]])
* [[September 2]] – [[Henry George]], American writer, politician, and political economist (d. [[1897]])
* [[September 7]] – [[Patricio Montojo y Pasarón]], Spanish admiral (d. [[1917]])
* [[September 8]] – [[Gregorio Luperón]], Dominican soldier, activist and general (d. [[1897]]) 
* [[September 10]] – [[Charles Sanders Peirce]], American philosopher, logician, mathematician, and scientist (d. [[1914]])
* [[September 12]] –  [[Mary H. Graves]], American minister, literary editor, writer (d. [[1908]])
* [[October 2]] – [[Oscar de Négrier]], French general (d. [[1913]])
* [[October 9]]
** [[Georges Leclanché]], French electrical engineer, inventor (d. [[1882]])
** [[Winfield Scott Schley]], American admiral (d. [[1911]])
* [[October 11]] – [[Jeanne Merkus]], Dutch deaconess, guerilla soldier, and political activist (d. [[1897]])
* [[October 30]] – [[Alfred Sisley]], French Impressionist landscape painter (d. [[1899]])
* [[November 1]] – [[Pál Luthár]], Slovene writer in Hungary (d. [[1919]])
* [[November 12]] – [[Frank Furness]], American architect, soldier (d. [[1912]])
* [[November 18]] – [[Emil Škoda]], Czech engineer, industrialist (d. [[1900]])
* [[November 20]] – [[Christian Wilberg]], German painter (d. [[1882]])
* [[November 30]] – [[Catherine Amanda Coburn]], American journalist, newspaper editor (d. [[1913]])
* [[December 5]] – [[George Armstrong Custer]], American cavalry officer (d. [[1876]])
* [[December 7]] – [[Redvers Buller|Sir Redvers Buller]], British general, Victoria Cross recipient (d. [[1908]])
* [[December 21]] – [[Sherman Conant]], American soldier and politician (d. [[1890]])

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Avis Crocombe]], English cook at [[Audley End House]]

== Deaths ==

=== January–June ===
[[File:JohnGraham-TheRajahofMadras-c1828.jpg|thumb|110px|[[William Farquhar]]]]
* [[January 6]] – [[Princess Marie of Orléans (1813–1839)|Princess Marie of Orléans]], French princess, artist, and duchess (b. [[1813]])
* [[January 7]] – [[Jacquette Löwenhielm]], Swedish noble, [[lady-in-waiting]], and [[Mistress (lover)|mistress]] of [[Oscar I of Sweden]] (b. [[1797]])
* [[January 12]]  
** [[Edward Coleman (gangster)|Edward Coleman]], gangster and founder of the [[Forty Thieves (New York gang)|Forty Thieves]] 
** [[Joseph Anton Koch]], Austrian painter (b. [[1768]])
* [[January 14]] – [[John Wesley Jarvis]], American painter (b. [[1780]]/[[1781]])
* [[January 24]] – [[Michele Cachia]], Maltese architect, military engineer (b. [[1760]])
* [[January 28]] – [[William Beechey]], British portraitist (b. [[1753]])
* [[February 7]] – [[Karl August Nicander]], Swedish poet (b. [[1799]])
* [[February 8]] – [[William Williams (Weymouth MP)|William Williams]], English politician (b. [[1774]])
* [[February 10]] – [[Pedro Romero]], Spanish [[torero]] (b. [[1754]])
* [[February 12]] – [[Moulvi Syed Qudratullah]], Bengali judge (b. [[1750]])<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mkantho.com/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A6-%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9/|language=bn|website=MKantho|script-title=bn:মৌলভী সৈয়দ কুদরত উল্লাহ'র ১৮০ তম মৃত্যুবার্ষিকী আজ|date=12 February 2019|access-date=January 10, 2022|archive-date=February 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190216053249/http://www.mkantho.com/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A6-%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[February 26]] – [[Sybil Ludington]], alleged heroine during the [[American Revolutionary War]] (b. [[1761]])
* [[March 2]] – [[Charlotte Napoléone Bonaparte]], niece of [[Napoleon I of France]] (b. [[1802]])
* [[March 19]] – [[Rachel Plummer]], American writer, daughter of [[James W. Parker]], and the cousin of [[Quanah Parker]] (b. [[1819]])
* [[March 20]] – [[Caspar Voght]], German businessman (b. [[1752]])
* [[March 28]] – [[Giuseppe Siboni]], Italian operatic [[tenor]], [[opera director]], [[choir]] [[Conducting|conductor]], and [[voice teacher]] (b. [[1780]])
* [[April 1]] – [[Benjamin Pierce (governor)|Benjamin Pierce]], American politician (b. [[1757]])
* [[April 2]] – [[Hezekiah Niles]], American editor, publisher (b. [[1777]])
* [[April 4]] – Queen [[Kaahumanu II]] of Hawaii
* [[April 5]] – [[John Tipton]], American politician (b. [[1786]]) 
* [[April 8]] – [[Du Pré Alexander, 2nd Earl of Caledon|Du Pré Alexander]], Irish peer, landlord and colonial administrator (b. [[1777]])
* [[April 11]] – [[John Galt (novelist)|John Galt]], [[List of Scottish novelists|Scottish novelist]] (b. [[1779]])
* [[April 15]] – [[Christoph August Gabler]], German classical composer (b. 1767)
* [[April 22]]
** [[Denis Davydov]], Russian general, poet (b. [[1784]])
** [[Samuel Smith (Maryland politician)]], American politician (b. [[1752]])
** [[Pär Aron Borg]], [[Swedish language|Swedish]] educator and a pioneer in the education for the [[Blindness|blind]] and [[deaf]] (b. 1776)
* [[May 3]] 
** [[Pehr Henrik Ling]], pioneer of physical education in [[Sweden]] (b. [[1776]])
** [[José Antonio Mexía]], 19th-century Mexican general and politician (b. [[1800]])
* [[May 6]] – [[John Batman]], Australian [[Pastoral farming|grazier]], entrepreneur, and explorer (b. [[1801]])
* [[May 11]]
** [[Thomas Cooper (American politician, born 1759)|Thomas Cooper]], American political philosopher (b. [[1759]])
** [[William Farquhar]], First British Resident and Commandant of colonial Singapore (b. [[1774]])
** [[Thomas Cooper (American politician, born 1759)|Thomas Cooper]], [[Anglo-Americans|Anglo-American]] economist, college president, and political philosopher (b. 1759)
* [[May 16]] – [[Edward Clive, 1st Earl of Powis|Edward Clive]], British politician who sat in the [[House of Commons]] (b. [[1754]])
* [[May 17]] – [[Archibald Alison (author)|Archibald Alison]], Scottish author (b. [[1757]])
* [[May 24]] – [[Anna Pak Agi]], [[Korean Martyrs|Korean Martyr]] (b. [[1782]])
* [[May 27]] – [[Barbara Yi]], [[Korean Martyrs|Korean Martyr]] (b. [[1825]])
* [[June 10]] – [[Jacob Munch]], Norwegian military officer and painter (b. 1776)
* [[June 19]] – [[Joseph Paelinck]], painter from the [[Southern Netherlands]] (b. [[1781]])
* [[June 23]] – [[Lady Hester Stanhope]], English archaeologist (b. [[1776]])
* [[June 27]] 
** [[Ranjit Singh]], Maharaja of The Punjab ([[Sikh Empire]]) (b. [[1780]])<ref name="Alexander Gardner">{{cite book|last=Gardner|first=Alexander|title=Memoirs Of Alexander Gardner - Colonel of Artillery in the Service of Maharaja Ranjit Singh|url=http://apnaorg.com/books/gardner/gardner.php?fldr=book&page=244|publisher=William Blackwood & Sons|page=211|chapter=XII}}</ref>
** [[Allan Cunningham (botanist)|Allan Cunningham]], English [[Botany|botanist]] and [[List of explorers|explorer]] (b. 1791)
* [[June 30]] – [[Johan Olof Wallin]], Swedish minister, [[orator]], poet and later [[Archbishop]] (b. [[1779]])

=== July–December ===
[[File:Friedrich Mohs.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Friedrich Mohs]]]]
* [[July 1]] – [[Mahmud II]], Ottoman sultan (b. [[1785]])
* [[July 5]] – [[Lady Flora Hastings]], British aristocrat and [[lady-in-waiting]] (b. [[1806]])
* [[July 8]] – [[Fernando Sor]], Spanish guitarist, composer (b. [[1778]])
* [[July 15]] – [[Winthrop Mackworth Praed]], English politician, poet (b. [[1802]])
* [[July 16]] – [[The Bowl (Cherokee chief)|Chief Bowles]], Cherokee leader (b. ~[[1756]])
* [[July 19]] – [[Maurice de Guérin]], French poet (b. [[1810]])
* [[July 20]] – [[John Baptist Yi Kwang-nyol]], [[Korean Martyrs|Korean Martyr]] (b. c.[[1800]])
* [[July 22]] – [[John Birdsall (politician, born 1802)|John Birdsall]], American lawyer and politician (b. [[1802]])
* [[July 24]] – [[Richard Spencer (Royal Navy officer)|Richard Spencer]], captain of the [[Royal Navy]] (b. [[1779]])
* [[July 26]] – [[Mervyn Archdall (died 1839)|Mervyn Archdall]], Irish officer in the British Army and [[Member of Parliament]] for [[Fermanagh (UK Parliament constituency)|County Fermanagh]] (b. [[1763]])
* [[August 3]] – [[Dorothea von Schlegel]], German novelist and translator (b. [[1764]])
* [[August 7]] – [[Erasme Louis Surlet de Chokier]], politician and first [[regent]] of Belgium (b. [[1769]])
* [[August 10]] – [[Sir John St Aubyn, 5th Baronet]], English fossil collector (b. [[1758]])
* [[August 18]] – [[Bendix Frantz Ludwig Schow]], member of the nobility of [[Schleswig-Holstein]] (b. [[1778]])
* [[August 22]] – [[Benjamin Lundy]], American abolitionist (b. [[1789]])
* [[August 28]] – [[William Smith (geologist)|William Smith]], English geologist, cartographer (b. [[1769]])
* [[September 4]] – [[Hermann Olshausen]], German [[Theology|theologian]] (b. [[1796]])
* [[September 10]] – [[James Maitland, 8th Earl of Lauderdale]], Scottish politician (b. [[1759]])
* [[September 18]] – [[Jeanne-Charlotte Allamand]], [[Switzerland|Swiss]]-born Canadian pioneer, educator and artist (b. [[1760]])
* [[September 21]] – [[Laurent-Joseph-Marius Imbert]], French Roman Catholic saint (b. [[1796]])
* [[September 22]] – [[Paul Chong Hasang]], [[Korean Martyrs|Korean]] Roman Catholic saint and martyr (b. [[1794]]/[[1795]]) 
* [[September 28]] – [[William Dunlap]], producer, playwright, actor, and historian (b. [[1766]])
* [[September 29]] – [[Friedrich Mohs]], German geologist, mineralogist (b. [[1773]])
* [[October 2]] – [[Mary Ann Rundall]], British educational writer
* [[October 6]] – [[William Light]], British Army colonel, first Surveyor-General of [[South Australia]] (b. [[1786]])
* [[October 8]] – [[Ee-mat-la]], [[Seminole]] chief during the [[Second Seminole War]] (b. [[1739]])
* [[October 9]] – [[James Oatley]], [[Great Britain|British]]-born [[History of Australia (1788–1850)|colonial Australian]] watch and clock maker (b. 1769)
* [[October 11]] – [[Leonor de Almeida Portugal, 4th Marquise of Alorna]], Portuguese painter, poet (b. [[1750]])
* [[October 24]] – [[William Charles Ellis]], pioneer in treatment of mental illness (b. [[1780]])
* [[October 27]] – [[Frederik Hauch]], Danish government official (b. [[1754]])
* [[October 28]] – [[Makea Pori Ariki]], sovereign of the [[Cook Islands]] and one of three [[Tribal chief|High Chiefs]] of [[Rarotonga#Demographics and settlements:~:text=or vaka.-,Te Au O Tonga,-on the northern|Te Au O Tonga]] (b. 
* [[October 31]] – [[Peter Yu Tae-chol|Peter Yu Tae-cholm]], [[Korean Martyrs|Korean Martyr]] (b. [[1826]])
* [[November 15]] – [[William Murdoch]], Scottish inventor (b. [[1754]])
* [[November 18]] – [[Hans Blackwood, 3rd Baron Dufferin and Claneboye|Hans Blackwood]], Irish peer and politician (b. [[1758]])
* [[November 22]] – [[Vénérande Robichaud]], Canadian businesswoman (b. [[1753]])
* [[December 2]] – [[Andreas Landmark]], Norwegian politician and civil servant (b. [[1769]])
* [[December 3]] – [[Frederick VI of Denmark|Frederick VI]], King of Denmark, ex-King of Norway (b. [[1768]])
* [[December 4]] – [[John Leamy (merchant)|John Leamy]], Irish–American merchant (b. [[1757]])
* [[December 15]] – [[Ignaz Aurelius Fessler]], Hungarian court councillor, minister to Alexander I (b. [[1756]])
* [[December 21]] – [[Andrew Dũng-Lạc]], Vietnamese [[Roman Catholic]] priest, saint, and [[martyr]] (b. [[1795]])
* [[December 26]] – [[Laurent Jean François Truguet]], French admiral (b. [[1752]])

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Thomas Plunket]], Irish soldier (b. [[1785]])
* [[Walter Jones (Irish politician)|Walter Jones]], Irish politician (b. [[1754]])
* [[Pierre le Pelley III]], [[Seigneur of Sark]] from 1820 to 1839 (b. [[1799]])
* [[George Scholey]], banker who served as [[Lord Mayor of London]]
* [[Otto Christian von Rohr]], [[Prussian Army|Prussian army]] officer during the [[Napoleonic Wars]]
* [[John D'Arcy (1785–1839)|John D'Arcy]], founder of the town of [[Clifden]] (b. [[1785]])
* [[Jean-François Allard]], French soldier and adventurer (b. [[1785]])
* [[Edmund Lodge]], [[England|English]] [[Officer of Arms|officer of arms]] and a writer on [[Heraldry|heraldic]] subjects and short biographies (b. [[1756]])
* [[Sankara Varman]], [[astronomer]]-[[mathematician]] (b. [[1774]])
* [[William Francklin]], English [[Oriental studies|orientalist]] and army officer (b. [[1763]])
* [[Mattheus Ignatius van Bree]], Belgian painter (b. [[1773]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1839}}
[[Category:1839| ]]