Editing 1833

{{Year dab|1833}}
{{Year nav|1833}}
[[File:Peter v Hess Empfang König Otto (1).jpg|thumb|250px|[[February 6]]: Prince Otto of Bavaria arrives at the newly-independent Kingdom of Greece, landing at its capital, the port of [[Nafplio]], to become King Othon the First.]] 
[[File:BatalhaCaboS.Vicente.jpg|thumb|250px|[[July 5]]: The [[Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1833)|Battle of Cape St. Vincent]] is fought off the coast of Portugal between the forces of King Miguel I and the former Queen Maria II.]]
{{C19 year in topic}}
{{Year article header|1833}}

== Events ==
===January–March===
* [[January 3]] – [[Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (1833)|The United Kingdom reasserts British sovereignty]] over the [[Falkland Islands]] in the South Atlantic Ocean.
* [[February 6]] (January 25 on the Greek calendar) – Prince Otto Friedrich Ludwig of Bavaria arrives at the port of [[Nafplio]] to assume the title [[Otto of Greece|King Othon the First]] of [[Greece]]<ref>.David Brewer, ''The Greek War of Independence: The Struggle for Freedom from Ottoman Oppression'' (Abrams Incorporated, 2011) p.20</ref>
* [[February 16]] – The United States Supreme Court hands down its landmark decision of [[Barron v. Baltimore|Barron v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore]].

===April–June===
* [[April 1]] – General [[Antonio López de Santa Anna]] is elected [[President of Mexico]] by the legislatures of 16 of the 18 Mexican states. During his frequent absences from office to fight on the battlefield, Santa Anna turns the duties of government over to his vice president, [[Valentín Gómez Farías]].<ref>Will Fowler, ''Independent Mexico: The Pronunciamiento in the Age of Santa Anna, 1821-1858'' (University of Nebraska Press, 2015)</ref>
* [[April 18]] – Over 300 delegates from England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland travel to the office of the Prime Minister, the [[Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey|Earl Grey]], to call for the immediate abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire.<ref>Iain Whyte, ''Zachary Macaulay 1768-1838: The Steadfast Scot in the British Anti-Slavery Movement'' (Liverpool University Press, 2011)</ref>
* [[May 6]]
** In Germany, [[Carl Friedrich Gauss]] and [[Wilhelm Eduard Weber|Wilhelm Weber]] obtain permission to build an [[electrical telegraph|electromagnetic telegraph]] in [[Göttingen]].
** The [[Ottoman Empire]] promulgates a [[firman]] ratifying the [[Convention of Kütahya|Peace Agreement of Kütahya]], bringing an end to the [[Egyptian–Ottoman_War_(1831–1833)|Egyptian-Ottoman War]].
** In [[Alexandria, Virginia]], an attack is made on U.S. President [[Andrew Jackson]].
* [[May 10]] – The [[Le Van Khoi revolt]] breaks out in southern Vietnam against Emperor [[Minh Mang]], who has desecrated the deceased mandarin [[Le Van Duyet]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Huỳnh Minh|year=2006|title=Gia Định Xưa|place=[[Ho Chi Minh City]]|publisher=Văn Hóa-Thông Tin Publishing House|language=vi|page=133}}</ref>
* [[May 11]] – At least 170 people, and perhaps as many as 265, are killed when the British [[brig]] ''[[Lady of the Lake (brig)|Lady of the Lake]]'', sinks off [[Cape St. Francis (Newfoundland and Labrador)|Cape St. Francis]] at [[Newfoundland]]. Only 15 people survive.<ref>Thomas, R. (1848). [https://books.google.com/books?id=GW1GAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA356 ''Interesting and authentic narratives of the most remarkable shipwrecks, fires, famines, calamities, providential deliverances, and lamentable disasters on the seas: in most parts of the world'']. Silas Andrus & Son. p. 356-7.</ref>
* [[May 25]] – The [[Chilean Constitution of 1833]] is promulgated.
* [[June 5]] – [[Ada Lovelace]] is introduced to [[Charles Babbage]], a pioneer in developing a computer, by [[Mary Somerville]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Anthony|last=Hyman|author-link=R. Anthony Hyman|title=[[Charles Babbage: Pioneer of the Computer]]|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=1982|isbn=0-19-858170-X|pages=177–8}}</ref>
* [[June 9]] – [[Dubai]] gets independence from the United Kingdom and is founded as a city.
* [[June 29]] – An earthquake at [[Fort Nisqually]] is experienced by [[William Fraser Tolmie]]; his journal entry records the first written eyewitness account of an earthquake in the [[Puget Sound]] region.

===July–September===
* [[July 5]] – [[Liberal Wars]]: The forces of Queen [[Maria II of Portugal]] win the [[Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1833)|Battle of Cape St. Vincent]], defeating the supporters of her uncle, [[Miguel I of Portugal|King Miguel]], who usurped the throne in 1828. 
* [[July 8]] – The [[Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi]] creates an alliance between the [[Ottoman Empire]] and the [[Russian Empire]].
* [[July 14]] – At Oxford University, [[John Keble]] preaches a [[sermon]] against the [[Church Temporalities (Ireland) Act 1833]]. Keble's sermon, published afterwards published as ''[[National Apostasy]]'', is traditionally considered as the beginning of the [[Oxford Movement]] of [[High Church]] [[Anglicanism|Anglicans]].<ref name="ODNB">Perry Butler, '[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/15231 Keble, John (1792–1866)]', ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2006, accessed 16 May 2014.</ref>
* [[July 20]] – A mob in [[Jackson County, Missouri]], destroys the printing office of the early [[Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] containing what becomes known as ''[[The Doctrine and Covenants]]''.
* [[August 1]] – [[King William's College]] opens on the [[Isle of Man]].
* [[August 12]] – The settlement of [[Chicago]] is established by 350 settlers at the [[estuary]] of the [[Chicago River]] in the U.S. state of [[Illinois]].
* [[August 18]] – The Canadian ship {{SS|Royal William}} sets out from [[Pictou, Nova Scotia]] on a 25-day passage of the Atlantic Ocean, primarily under steam, to [[Gravesend]] in England.
* [[August 20]] – Future United States President [[Benjamin Harrison]] is born in [[Ohio]]. From this date until the death of Former U.S. President [[James Madison]] on [[June 28]] [[1836]], a total of 18 Presidents of the United States (2 former, 1 current, and 15 future) are living; which is more than any other time period in U.S. history.
* [[August 26]] – The [[Canton of Basel]] is partitioned by the Swiss ''[[Tagsatzung]]'' to create the two [[half-canton]]s of [[Basel-City]] and [[Basel-Country]].
* [[August 28]] – The British [[Slavery Abolition Act 1833]], beginning the process of giving slaves in much of the [[British Empire]] their freedom, receives [[royal assent]], with an effective date of August 1, 1834. A £20 million fund is established to compensate slaveowners.
* [[August 29]] – The [[Parliament of the United Kingdom]] votes to pass the [[Factory Acts]], limiting [[child labour]].
* [[August 31]] – The chartered ship ''[[Amphitrite (1802 ship)|Amphitrite]]'' sinks off [[Boulogne-sur-Mer]] while transporting 108 British female convicts and 12 children from [[Woolwich]] in England to [[New South Wales]] in what is now [[Australia]]. All of the passengers die, along with 13 of the 16 crew. The only survivors are three members of the crew.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/infomark.do?&source=gale&prodId=TTDA&userGroupName=upenn_main&tabID=T003&docPage=article&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&docId=CS85221668&type=multipage&contentSet=LTO&version=1.0|title=Dreadful Shipwreck Off Boulogne|work=[[The Times]]|location=London, England|date=1833-09-04|page=5|access-date=2018-04-27}}</ref>
* [[September 2]] – [[Oberlin College]] is founded in the U.S. at [[Oberlin, Ohio]].
* [[September 6]] – At least 6,000 people are killed when [[1833 Kunming earthquake|an 8.0 magnitude earthquake]] shakes the Chinese province of [[Yunnan]] destroying buildings, homes and temples.
* [[September 29]] – Three-year-old [[Isabel II of Spain|Isabella II]] becomes Queen of Spain, under the regency of her mother, [[Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies]]. Her uncle [[Infante Carlos, Count of Molina|Don Carlos, Conde de Molina]] challenges her claim, beginning the [[First Carlist War]].

===October–December===
* [[October 20]] – [[Alfred, Lord Tennyson]], writes his oft-quoted poem, [[Ulysses (poem)|''Ulysses'']].<ref>''Victorian Literature: An Anthology'', ed. by Victor Shea and William Whitla (John Wiley & Sons, 2014) p326</ref>
* [[November 12]]–[[November 13|13]] – A very spectacular occurrence of the [[Leonid meteor shower]] is observed [[Leonids#1800s|all over North America]], and is the inspiration for the song "[[Stars Fell on Alabama]]".
* [[November 25]] – An [[1833 Sumatra earthquake|8.7 magnitude earthquake]] strikes [[Sumatra]] in what is now [[Indonesia]].
* [[December]] – The [[American Anti-Slavery Society]] is founded.
* [[December 14]] – [[Kaspar Hauser]], the well known and mysterious German youth, is fatally stabbed. He dies three days later on [[December 17]].
* [[December 18]] – The national anthem of the Russian Empire, ''[[God Save the Tsar!]]'', is first performed.

===Date unknown===
* The dawn of [[biochemistry]]: The first [[enzyme]], [[diastase]], is discovered by [[Anselme Payen]].
* Greece recaptures the [[Acropolis of Athens]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.athenscitymuseum.gr/en/efarmoges/timeline/|title=Timeline - Athens City Museum|website=www.athenscitymuseum.gr|access-date=2018-12-24}}</ref>
* H.R.H. Prince [[Mongkut]] of [[Thailand|Siam]] founds the [[Dhammayuttika Nikaya|Dhammayut]] Buddhist reform movement.
* [[United States|American]] [[healthcare]] [[brand]] [[McKesson Corporation]] established as a partnership.<ref>McKesson & Robbins, ''First Aid In Emergencies'', 1930, p. 63.</ref>
* Foundation of:
** [[Kalamazoo College]] in [[Kalamazoo, Michigan]].
** [[Madras College]] in [[St Andrews]], Scotland.

== Births ==
===January–June===
[[File:JohannesBrahms.jpg|thumb|upright|110px|Johannes Brahms]]
* [[January 1]] – [[Robert Lawson (architect)|Robert Lawson]], New Zealand architect (d. [[1902]])
* [[January 5]] – [[Eugene W. Hilgard]], German-American "Father of soil science" (d. [[1916]])
* [[January 7]] – [[Henry Roscoe (chemist)|Sir Henry Roscoe]], English chemist (d. [[1915]])
* [[January 18]] – [[Joseph S. Skerrett]], American admiral (d. [[1897]])
* [[January 28]] – [[Charles George Gordon]], British army officer, administrator (d. [[1885]])
* [[February 3]] – [[Abu Bakar of Johor]], Malaysian sultan (d. [[1895]])
* [[February 6]] – [[J. E. B. Stuart]], American Confederate general (d. [[1864]])
* [[February 11]] – [[Melville Fuller]], 8th [[Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court]] (d. [[1910]])
* [[February 19]] – [[Élie Ducommun]], Swiss journalist, activist, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[1906]])
* [[February 25]] – [[John St. John (American politician)|John St. John]], [[American temperance movement]] leader (d. [[1916]])
* [[February 28]] – [[Alfred von Schlieffen]], German field marshal (d. [[1913]])
* [[March 10]] – [[Dimitrie Sturdza]], 4-time prime minister of Romania (d. [[1914]])
* [[March 14]] – [[Lucy Hobbs Taylor]], American dentist (d. [[1910]])<ref>{{cite journal |last1=EDWARDS |first1=RALPH W. |title=The First Woman Dentist Lucy Hobbs Taylor, D. D. S. (1833-1910) |journal=Bulletin of the History of Medicine |date=1951 |volume=25 |issue=3 |pages=277–283 |jstor=44443642 |pmid=14848611 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44443642 |access-date=21 February 2022 |issn=0007-5140}}</ref>
* [[March 15]] – [[Géza Fejérváry]], 16th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. [[1914]])
* [[March 20]] – [[Daniel Dunglas Home]], Scottish medium (d. [[1886]])
* [[March 22]] – [[Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla]], Prime Minister of Spain (d. [[1895]])
* [[April 6]] – [[Luis Cordero Crespo]], 14th President of Ecuador (d. [[1912]])
* [[April 11]] – [[Fredrik von Otter]], 8th Prime Minister of Sweden (d. [[1910]])
* [[May 5]] – [[Lazarus Fuchs]], German mathematician (d. [[1902]])
* [[May 7]] – [[Johannes Brahms]], German composer (d. [[1897]])
* [[May 9]] – [[Hermann von Spaun]], Austro-Hungarian admiral (d. [[1919]])
* [[May 26]] – [[Edward William Godwin]], English architect (d. [[1886]])
* [[June 1]] – [[John Marshall Harlan]], [[Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States]] (d. [[1911]])
* [[June 4]] – [[Garnet Wolseley, 1st Viscount Wolseley]], British field marshal (d. [[1913]])
* [[June 24]]
** [[Gustaf Åkerhielm]], 6th Prime Minister of Sweden (d. [[1900]])
** [[Alfred William Bennett]], English botanist (d. [[1902]])

===July–December===
[[File:Alfred Nobel3.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Alfred Nobel]]]]
[[File:Elisa Lynch official portrait.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Eliza Lynch]]]]
[[File:Stauffer - Adelheid von Anhalt.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Princess Adelheid-Marie of Anhalt-Dessau]]]]
* [[July 7]] – [[Félicien Rops]], Belgian artist (d. [[1898]])
* [[July 14]] – [[Alfred Biliotti]], Italian Levantine British consular officer and archaeologist (d. [[1915]])
* [[July 26]] – [[Gheorghe Manu]], 17th Prime Minister of Romania (d. [[1911]])
* [[July 27]] – [[Thomas George Bonney]], English geologist (d. [[1923]])
* [[August 3]] – [[Auguste Schmidt]], German educator, women's rights activist (d. [[1902]])
* [[August 9]] – [[Emily Pepys]], English child diarist (d. [[1877]])
* [[August 16]] – [[Eliza Ann Otis]], American poet, newspaper publisher and philanthropist (d. [[1904]])
* [[August 20]] – [[Benjamin Harrison]], 23rd [[President of the United States]] (d. [[1901]])
* [[August 31]] – [[Carlo Alberto Racchia]], Italian admiral and politician (d. [[1896]])<ref>{{cite web |last1=Almagià |first1=Guido |title=RACHIA, Carlo Alberto |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/carlo-alberto-racchia_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/ |website=treccani.it |publisher=Treccani |access-date=6 February 2024 |language=it}}</ref>
* [[September 2]] – [[Henry Hotze]], Swiss American Confederate propagandist (d. [[1887]])
* [[September 20]] – [[Ernesto Teodoro Moneta]], Italian pacifist, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[1918]])
* [[September 22]] – [[Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino]], twice Prime Minister of Romania (d. [[1913]])
* [[October 2]] – [[William Corby]], American Catholic priest (d. [[1897]])
* [[October 20]] – [[Mary F. Eastman]], American educator, lecturer, writer and suffragist (d. [[1908]])
* [[October 21]] – [[Alfred Nobel]], Swedish inventor of dynamite, creator of the [[Nobel Prize]] (d. [[1896]])
* [[October 23]] – [[Antonio Flores Jijón]], 13th President of Ecuador (d. [[1915]])
* [[November 6]] – [[Jonas Lie (writer)|Jonas Lie]], Norwegian author (d. [[1908]])
* [[November 9]] – [[Émile Gaboriau]], French writer (d. [[1873]])
* [[November 12]] – [[Alexander Borodin]], Russian composer (d. [[1887]])
* [[November 13]] – [[Edwin Booth]], American tragedian (d. [[1893]])
* [[November 14]] – [[Hugh Henry Gough|Sir Hugh Gough]], British general, Victoria Cross recipient (d. [[1909]])
* [[November 19]] – [[Eliza Lynch]], First Lady of Paraguay (d. [[1886]])
* [[November 27]] – [[Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge]] (d. [[1897]])
* [[November 30]] – [[Frederick Richards]] British admiral (d. [[1912]])
* [[December 7]] – [[Rodrigo Augusto da Silva]], Brazilian Senator, author of the [[Golden Law]] (d. [[1889]])
* [[December 13]] – [[Petre S. Aurelian]], 19th Prime Minister of Romania (d. [[1909]])
* [[December 20]] – [[Samuel Mudd]], American doctor to [[John Wilkes Booth]] (d. [[1883]])
* [[December 25]] – [[Princess Adelheid-Marie of Anhalt-Dessau]] (d. [[1916]])

===Date unknown===
* [[Margaret Fox]], American medium (d. [[1893]])
* [[Fu Shanxiang]], Chinese scholar, Chancellor (d. [[1864]])

== Deaths ==
===January–June===
[[File:Trevithick Richard Linnell.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Richard Trevithick]]]]
* [[January 10]] – [[Adrien-Marie Legendre]], French mathematician (b. [[1752]])
* [[January 16]] – [[Nannette Streicher]], German piano maker, composer, music educator and writer (b. [[1769]])
* [[January 16]] – [[Banastre Tarleton]], British general, politician (b. [[1754]])
* [[January 23]] – [[Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth]], British admiral (b. [[1757]])
* [[March 13]] – [[William Bradley (Royal Navy officer)|William Bradley]], British naval officer, cartographer (b. [[1758]])
* [[April 6]] – [[Adamantios Korais]], Greek scholar (b. [[1748]])
* [[April 7]]
** [[Antoni Radziwiłł]], Polish politician (b. [[1775]])
** [[Jacques Réattu]], French artist (b. [[1760]])
* [[April 22]] – [[Richard Trevithick]], English inventor (b. [[1771]])
* [[May 5]] – [[Sophia Campbell]], Australian artist (b. [[1777]])
* [[May 15]] – [[Edmund Kean]], British actor (b. [[1787]])
* [[May 23]] – [[Francesca Anna Canfield]], American linguist, poet and translator (b. [[1803]])
* [[June 1]] – [[Oliver Wolcott Jr.]], American lawyer, politician, 2nd [[United States Secretary of the Treasury]], 24th [[Governor of Connecticut]] (b. [[1760]])
* [[June 2]] – [[Simon Byrne]], Irish prizefighter (b. [[1806]])

===July–December===
[[File:Joseph Nicéphore Niépce.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Nicéphore Niépce]]]]
* [[July 2]] – [[Gervasio Antonio de Posadas]], Argentine leader (b. [[1757]])
* [[July 5]] – [[Nicéphore Niépce]], French photography pioneer (b. [[1765]])
* [[July 11]] – [[Yagan]], [[Noongar]] [[indigenous Australian]] warrior (killed) (b. c. [[1795]])
* [[July 12]] – [[Samuel Sterett]], American politician (b. [[1758]])
* [[July 19]] – [[George Leveson-Gower, 1st Duke of Sutherland]], British landowner (b. [[1758]])
* [[July 20]] – [[Ninian Edwards]], American politician, Governor of and Senator from Illinois (b. [[1775]])
* [[July 22]] – [[Joseph Forlenze]], Italian ophthalmologist (b. [[1757]])
* [[July 23]] – [[Anselmo de la Cruz]], Chilean political figure (b. [[1777]])
* [[July 26]] – [[Thomas Knapton]], English mariner, executed (b. c. [[1816]])
* [[July 29]] – [[William Wilberforce]], English politician, abolitionist (b. [[1759]])
* [[August 9]] – [[Godfrey Higgins]], English archaeologist (b. [[1772]])
* [[August 14]] – [[Placidus a Spescha]], Swiss mountain climber (b. [[1752]])
* September – [[James Farquhar (MP)|James Farquhar]], Scottish politician (b. [[1764]])
* [[September 7]] – [[Hannah More]], English religious writer, Romantic, and philanthropist (b. [[1745]])
* [[September 15]] – [[Arthur Hallam]], English poet (b. [[1811]])
* [[September 27]] – [[Ram Mohan Roy]], Hindu reformer (b. [[1772]])
* [[September 29]] – King [[Ferdinand VII of Spain]] (b. [[1784]])
* [[October 3]] – [[François, marquis de Chasseloup-Laubat]], French general (b. [[1754]])
* [[October 4]] – [[Maria Jane Jewsbury]], English poet and literary reviewer (b. [[1800]])
* [[October 16]]
** [[Andrey Bolotov]], Russian agriculturalist and memoirist (b. [[1738]])
** [[Meno Haas]], German-born copperplate engraver (b. [[1752]])
* [[November 16]] – [[John McMillan (missionary)|John McMillan]], Presbyterian minister, missionary in Pennsylvania (b. [[1752]])
* [[November 23]] – [[Jean-Baptiste Jourdan]], French marshal (b. [[1762]])
* [[December 17]] – [[Kaspar Hauser]], German youth of uncertain origin (stabbed) (b. [[1812]]?)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

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