Editing 1757

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== Events ==
<onlyinclude>
=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 2]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]]: The British [[East India Company]] Army, under the command of [[Robert Clive]], captures [[Kolkata|Calcutta]], India.  
* [[January 5]] &ndash; [[Robert-François Damiens]] makes an unsuccessful assassination attempt on [[Louis XV of France]], who is slightly wounded by the knife attack. Damiens is executed on March 28.<ref name=Redman>Herbert J. Redman, ''Frederick the Great and the Seven Years' War, 1756–1763'' (McFarland, 2015) p33</ref>
* [[January 12]] &ndash; [[Koca Ragıp Pasha]] becomes the new [[Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire]], and administers the office for seven years until his death in 1763.
* [[January 17]] &ndash; [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]] leads his [[Durrani Empire|Afghan forces]] to [[Sack of Delhi (1757)|sack Delhi]] during his [[Indian campaign of Ahmad Shah Durrani|invasions of India]].
* [[February 1]] &ndash; King [[Louis XV of France]] dismisses his two most influential advisers.  His Secretary of State for War, the [[Marc Antoine René de Voyer|Comte d'Argenson]] and the Secretary of the Navy, [[Jean-Baptiste de Machault d'Arnouville]], are both removed from office at the urging of the King's mistress, [[Madame de Pompadour]].<ref>Clare Haru Crowston, ''Credit, Fashion, Sex: Economies of Regard in Old Regime France'' (Duke University Press, 2013) p10</ref>
* [[February 2]] &ndash; At [[Versailles]] in [[France]], representatives of the Russian Empire and the Austrian Empire enter into an alliance against Prussia, with each nation pledging 80,000 troops.<ref>Martin Philippson, and John Henry Wright, translator ''The Age of Frederick the Great'', Volume 15 (Lea Brothers & Company, 1905) p48</ref> Other clauses to the treaty, not disclosed to the public, commit Austria to pay Russia one million [[Russian ruble|ruble]]s per year during the war to pay for the expenses of 24,000 of the Russian troops, and two million rubles upon the conquest of [[Silesia]] (a Prussian province that had been seized from Austria in 1746).<ref name=Nester> William R. Nester, ''The French and Indian War and the Conquest of New France'' (University of Oklahoma Press, 2014) p219-221</ref>
* [[February 3]] &ndash; French artist Robert Picault begins the rescue of the [[fresco]]es at the King's Chamber of the [[Palace of Fontainebleau]] before architect Ange-Jacques Gabrel begins renovations.<ref>Noémie Étienne, ''The Restoration of Paintings in Paris, 1750-1815'' (Getty Publications, 2017) p120</ref>
* [[February 5]] &ndash; The [[Nawab of Bengal]], [[Siraj ud-Daulah]], leads an attempt to retake Calcutta from the British.  With just 1,900 soldiers and sailors, but superior cannon power, General Robert Clive forces the Nawab's much larger force into a retreat.  The British sustain 194 casualties, but the Bengalis suffer 1,300.<ref name=Stevenson> Richard Stevenson, ''Bengal Tiger and British Lion: An Account of the Bengal Famine of 1943'' (Lionheart LLC, 2005) pp53-54</ref>
* [[February 9]] &ndash; The Nawab and General Clive sign the [[Treaty of Alinagar]], with Bengal compensating the British East India Company for its losses and pledging respect for British control of India.<ref name=Stevenson/> 
* [[February 22]] &ndash; King [[Frederick V of Denmark]] issues an order to create a Lutheran mission for African slaves at the [[Danish West Indies]] (the modern-day [[United States Virgin Islands]]) at [[St. Croix]].<ref>Theodore Emanuel Schmauk, ''The Lutheran Church in Pennsylvania'' (Pennsylvania-German Society, 1900) pp18-19</ref>
* [[February 23]] &ndash; A revolt against the government of King [[Joseph I of Portugal]] takes place in the city of [[Porto]]. After the riot's suppression, the King's minister, [[Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal]], orders harsh punishments against the perpetrators, carried out in October.<ref name=Aguilera>Bruno Aguilera-Barchet, ''A History of Western Public Law: Between Nation and State'' (Springer, 2014) p276</ref>
* [[March 14]] &ndash; British Royal Navy Admiral [[John Byng]] is executed by firing squad on board the ship [[HMS Monarch (1747)|HMS ''Monarch'']] in the Solent after his court martial conviction for failing in the [[Battle of Minorca (1756)]] to save British troops who had been besieged by a numerically superior French force in the [[Siege of Fort St Philip (1756)|Siege of Fort St Philip]].<ref>Chaim M. Rosenberg, ''Losing America, Conquering India: Lord Cornwallis and the Remaking of the British Empire'' (McFarland, 2017) p59</ref> General Edward Cornwallis, the ranking British Army officer at the battle, is exonerated of charges of dereliction of duty, but his career is ruined. Byng's execution is the origin of the [[Battle_of_Minorca_(1756)#Aftermath|phrase]] "In this country, it is wise to kill an admiral from time to time to encourage the others", coined by [[Voltaire]] in his novel ''Candide''.
* [[March 21]] &ndash; [[Sweden]] signs an alliance treaty with [[France]] and [[Austria]] in the multinational effort to remove King [[Frederick the Great]], even though Queen Consort Ulrika of Sweden is Frederick's sister.  Sweden agrees to contribute 25,000 troops to the French and Austrian force.<ref name=Nester/>
* [[March 23]] &ndash; The British [[East India Company]] takes control of [[Chandannagar]] and forces out the French Indian administrators.<ref>Sanjay Subrahmanyam, ''Europe's India: Words, People, Empires, 1500–1800'' (Harvard University Press, 2017) p247</ref>
* [[March 28]] &ndash; [[Robert-François Damiens]] is tortured, then [[Dismemberment|dismembered]] and his remains burned in public for his January 5 assassination attempt on King Louis XV of France, the last person in France to suffer this punishment.<ref name=Redman/><ref>"Executions and Executioners", by John De Morgan, in ''The Green Bag'' magazine (March, 1900) p127-128</ref>
* [[March 30]] &ndash; The [[Rigshospitalet]], national hospital of [[Denmark]], is founded at [[Copenhagen]].<ref>Adrian Raine, ''The Anatomy of Violence: The Biological Roots of Crime'' (Vintage Books, 2014) p185</ref>

=== April&ndash;June ===
[[File:The Battle of Prague in Bohemia, 6th May, 1757.png|thumb|right|[[May 6]]: The [[Battle of Prague (1757)|Battle of Prague]] takes place as a Bohemian siege of the Bohemian capital.]]
[[File:Lord Clive meeting with Mir Jafar after the Battle of Plassey.jpg|thumb|300px|[[June 23]]: The [[Battle of Plassey]] takes place in India.]]
* [[April 6]] &ndash; [[William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham|William Pitt]] resigns from the government of Great Britain after [[Prince William, Duke of Cumberland]] refuses to command the British forces in Germany in the Seven Years' War<ref name="Cassell's Chron1757">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/318 318–319]}}</ref> and following several military reverses in Britain's fight against France in America. A [[1757 Caretaker Ministry|Caretaker Ministry]] takes power led by [[William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire]]. Pitt is recalled to government in early July.<ref>William M. Fowler Jr., ''Empires at War: The French and Indian War and the Struggle for North America, 1754-1763'' (Bloomsbury, 2009) p115</ref>
* [[April 16]] 
**The works of astronomer [[Galileo Galilei]] espousing [[heliocentrism]] are removed (with the approval of [[Pope Benedict XIV]]) from the ''[[Index Librorum Prohibitorum]]'' list of books banned by [[Roman Catholic Church]], along with "all books teaching the earth's motion and the sun's immobility". Other works of heliocentrists Galileo, [[Nicolaus Copernicus]], [[Johannes Kepler]], [[Diego de Zúñiga]] and Paolo Foscarini remain on the list.<ref>Maurice A. Finocchiaro, ''Retrying Galileo, 1633–1992'' (University of California Press, 2007) p138</ref>
**In the wake of public unrest in [[France]], the King's Council issues a decree that bars anyone from writing, printing anything that would tend toward ''émouvoir les esprits'' (stir up popular sentiment) against the government, with violations punishable by death.<ref>Robert Darnton, ''Censors at Work: How States Shaped Literature'' (W. W. Norton & Company, 2014)</ref>
* [[April 17]] &ndash; The Spanish [[mission (station)|mission]] of [[Mission Santa Cruz de San Sabá]] is founded by Spanish missionary families on the banks of the [[San Saba River]] near modern day [[Menard, Texas]].<ref> Donald E. Chipman and Harriet Denise Joseph, ''Explorers and Settlers of Spanish Texas''  (University of Texas Press, 2010)</ref>  Less than two years later, the European settlement is destroyed by the native [[Comanche]] Indians who live in the area.  
* [[April 29]] &ndash; Inside the house at [[Stratford-upon-Avon]] in England known as [[Shakespeare's Birthplace]], a bricklayer, identified only as "Mosely", re-tiling the roof, discovers a supposed pro-Catholic testament of [[John Shakespeare]], father of [[William Shakespeare]], more than 150 years after the elder's death. The find starts "what remains one of the most controversial topics in Shakespeare studies" because of disagreements over its authenticity and date.<ref>René Weis, ''Shakespeare Unbound: Decoding a Hidden Life'' (Macmillan, 2008) p304</ref>
* [[May 1]] &ndash; [[France]] and [[Austria]] sign a second [[Treaty of Versailles (1757)|Treaty of Versailles]], committing France to sending an additional 105,000 troops to the war against Prussia, and to pay expenses to Austria at the rate of 12 million florins annually.<ref name=Nester/> 
* [[May 6]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]]: [[Battle of Štěrboholy|Battle of Prague]] &ndash; [[Frederick the Great]] defeats an [[Archduchy of Austria|Austrian]] army, and begins to besiege the city.
* [[June 18]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]]: [[Battle of Kolín]] &ndash; Frederick is defeated by an Austrian army under [[Count Leopold Joseph von Daun|Marshal Daun]], forcing him to evacuate [[Bohemia]].
* [[June 23]] &ndash; [[Battle of Plassey]]: 3,000 troops serving with the British [[East India Company]] under [[Robert Clive]] defeat a 50,000 strong Indian army under [[Siraj ud-Daulah]] with the help of Mir Jafar, at [[Plassey]] in [[India]], marking the first victory of the East India Company over India, which lasts until [[1857]].  
* [[June 25]]
** The [[William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire|Duke of Devonshire]] resigns as [[Prime Minister of Great Britain]] after being unable to conduct governmental affairs without William Pitt.
** The 1755 rebellion against the [[Qing dynasty|Chinese Empire]] by Mongolian [[Oirats|Oirat]] Prince [[Amursana]] is met by a Chinese army of 10,000 attackers against Amursana's 2,500 man force at their capital at [[Bole, Xinjiang|Bor Tal]]. The rebels hold out until July 17.<ref name=Sanders>"Amarsanaa", in ''Historical Dictionary of Mongolia'', by Alan J. K. Sanders (Rowman & Littlefield, 2017) p57</ref>

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 2]] &ndash; The [[Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle|Duke of Newcastle]] is asked to form a new government of Great Britain and fills the office of [[Prime Minister of Great Britain]], after his forced resignation eight months earlier. Pitt is recalled to conduct Britain's foreign and military affairs and given greater control.<ref name="Cassell's Chron1757" />
* [[July 17]] &ndash; Amursana's Mongolian rebellion against the Chinese Empire is crushed after a battle of 17 days, and the survivors flee to Russia, where Amursana unsuccessfully seeks Russian aid.<ref name=Sanders/>
* [[July 26]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]]: [[Battle of Hastenbeck]] &ndash; An Anglo-Hanoverian army under the [[Prince William, Duke of Cumberland|Duke of Cumberland]] is defeated by the French under [[Louis d'Estrées]], and forced out of [[Hanover]].
* [[August 3]]&ndash;[[August 9|9]] &ndash; [[French and Indian War]]: A French army under Louis-Joseph de Montcalm forces the English to surrender [[Fort William Henry]]. The French army's Indian allies [[Fort William Henry massacre|slaughter]] the surviving men, women and children.
* [[August 11]] &ndash; In the [[Battle of Delhi (1757)|Battle of Delhi]], the capital city of the [[Mughal Empire]] is retaken by [[Maratha Confederacy|Maratha Empire]] leader [[Raghunathrao]] from [[Najib ad-Dawlah]], who flees to refuge in the royal palace, the [[Red Fort]].<ref name=Mehta> Jaswant Lal Mehta, ''Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707-1813'' (Sterling Publishers, 2005) pp230-232</ref>
* [[August 30]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]]: [[Battle of Gross-Jägersdorf]] &ndash; A Prussian army under [[Hans von Lehwaldt]] is defeated by the [[Russian Empire|Russian]] army of Marshal [[Stepan Fyodorovich Apraksin|Stepan Apraksin]].
* [[September 6]] &ndash; The life of [[Najib ad-Dawlah]] is spared by [[Raghunathrao]] upon the intercession of General [[Malhar Rao Holkar]].  Najib and his family are permitted to leave the Fort along with most of their property, and the Emperor [[Alamgir II]] is restored to the Mughal throne as a nominal ruler.<ref name=Mehta/> 
* [[September 8]] &ndash; The [[Convention of Klosterzeven]] is signed at the Lower Saxony town of [[Bremervörde]] by the [[Prince William, Duke of Cumberland|Duke of Cumberland]] following his defeat at the July 26 [[Battle of Hastenbeck]] by the French Army Marshal, [[Armand de Vignerot du Plessis|the Duke of Richelieu]].  The treaty provides for the Army of the [[Electorate of Hanover]] to be reduced to a token force and for the French Army to occupy Hanover and most of northwest [[Germany]].<ref>Jeremy Black, ''From Louis XIV to Napoleon: The Fate of a Great Power'' (Routledge, 2013) p109</ref>  At the time, King [[George II of Great Britain]] is also the [[Elector of Hanover]], and it is later said that "The terms proved worse than either George or his ministers had wanted or expected."  <ref>Andrew C. Thompson, ''George II: King and Elector'' (Yale University Press, 2011) p267</ref>
* [[September 13]] &ndash; [[Pomeranian War]]: a column of troops from [[Sweden]] begins the surprise invasion of [[Prussia]], setting up a [[pontoon bridge]] across the [[Peene]] River that marks the boundary between [[Swedish Pomerania]] and northern Prussia.  After crossing at [[Loitz]] in the early morning hours, the troops march {{convert|10|km}} and begin the occupation of the undefended Prussian town of [[Demmin]].  Hours later, another Swedish infantry regiment charges across the border into the Prussian town of [[Anklam]], where the city gate had been left open.<ref>"Sweden and the Pomeranian War", by Gunnar Aselius, in ''The Seven Years' War: Global Views'', ed. by Mark Danley and Patrick Speelman (Brill, 2012) p135</ref> 
* [[September 23]] &ndash; The "[[Raid on Rochefort]]" is carried out as a pre-emptive strike by Great Britain to neutralize France's [[Arsenal de Rochefort]] before the French Navy can carry out plans to invade England.  Led by [[Royal Navy]] [[Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke|Admiral Edward Hawke]], [[HMS Neptune (1757)|HMS ''Neptune'']] and six other vessels sail in and capture the [[Île-d'Aix]] and its battery of cannons, effectively blocking the departure of any ships from the mouth of the [[Charente (river)|Charante river]].<ref>Robert Barnes, ''An Unlikely Leader: The Life and Times of Captain John Hunter'' (Sydney University Press, 2009) p51</ref>

=== October&ndash;December ===
[[File:Prussian infantry advance at Leuthen.jpg|thumb|300px|[[December 5]]:  King Frederick of Prussia defeats the Austrian army in the [[Battle of Leuthen]].]]
* [[October 4]] &ndash; Bearing British flags, two French [[privateer]]s sail up the [[Gambia River]] and attempt to capture the British fort on [[Kunta Kinteh Island|James Island]], but their ruse is discovered the next day before they can stage their attack. The two ships are captured by the Royal Navy after retreating <ref>J. M. Gray, ''A History of the Gambia'' (Cambridge University Press, 2015) p227</ref>
* [[October 14]] &ndash; Of the 478 people arrested, and 442 (including 50 women and young boys) convicted, for their roles in the [[Porto]] riot in February, 13 men and one woman are hanged; afterwards, their bodies are then quartered and the severed limbs are publicly displayed on spikes. Another 49 men and 10 women are exiled to Portuguese colonies in Africa and India, and the other convicts are either flogged, imprisoned or pressed into service rowing [[galley]] ships.<ref name=Aguilera/>
* [[October 16]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]]: Hungarian raiders [[1757 raid on Berlin|plunder Berlin]], [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]].
* [[October 24]] (10 Safar 1171 A.H.) &ndash; [[1757 Hajj caravan raid]]: [[Bedouin]] warriors of the [[Bani Sakher]] confederacy conduct a massive assault against a caravan of thousands of Muslim travelers who are on their way back to [[Damascus]] after the [[Hajj]], the pilgrimage to [[Mecca]]. The attack, made at Hallat Ammar after the group has been resupplied at [[Tabuk, Saudi Arabia|Tabuk]], leads to the annihilation of 20,000 of the pilgrims. Those who are not killed outright die later in the desert from thirst and starvation.<ref name=Peters> F. E. Peters, ''The Hajj: The Muslim Pilgrimage to Mecca and the Holy Places'' (Princeton University Press, 1996) pp161-162 </ref> According to one Arabic source, the largest attack takes place on October 24.
* [[October 30]] &ndash; [[Osman III]] dies, and is succeeded as [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] [[Sultan]] by [[Mustafa III]].
* [[October 31]] &ndash; News of the [[1757 Hajj caravan raid|massacre of Muslim pilgrims]] first reaches [[Damascus]]; the Ottoman officials who had been in charge of protecting the pilgrimage are executed by beheading.<ref name=Peters/>
* [[November 5]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]]: [[Battle of Rossbach]] &ndash; Frederick defeats the French-Imperial army under the Duc de Soubise and [[Prince Joseph of Saxe-Hildburghausen]], forcing the French to withdraw from [[Saxony]].
* [[November 10]] &ndash; [[Abdallah of Morocco|King Abdallah IV]] of [[Morocco]] dies and is succeeded by his son, who takes the throne as King [[Mohammed ben Abdallah|Mohammed III]] and reigns until 1790.
* [[November 22]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]]: [[Battle of Breslau (1757)|Battle of Breslau]] &ndash; An Austrian army under [[Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine]] defeats the Prussian army of Wilhelm of Brunswick-Bevern, and forces the Prussians behind the [[Oder]].
* [[December 5]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]]: [[Battle of Leuthen]] &ndash; Frederick defeats Prince Charles's Austrian army, in what is generally considered the Prussian king's greatest tactical victory.
* [[December 6]] &ndash; In Buddhist tradition, [[Jigme Lingpa]] discovers the [[Longchen Nyingthig]] [[terma (religion)|terma]] through a meditative vision, which brings him to [[Boudhanath]]. The Longchen Nyingtig is a popular cycle of teachings in the [[Nyingma]] school of [[Tibetan Buddhism]].
* [[December 14]] &ndash; [[Battle of Khresili]]: King [[Solomon I of Imereti]] defeats the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] army and an allied faction of nobles, in what becomes western [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]].
* [[December 24]] &ndash; The [[Pratt-Yorke opinion]] distinguishes British overseas territories acquired by conquest from those acquired by private treaty: while [[the Crown]] of Great Britain enjoys sovereignty over both, only the property of the former is vested in the Crown.
* [[December 30]] &ndash; [[James Abercrombie (British Army general)|James Abercrombie]] replaces [[James Mure-Campbell, 5th Earl of Loudoun]] as supreme commander in the [[British America]]n colonies.<ref>Troy Bickham, ''Savages Within the Empire: Representations of American Indians in Eighteenth-Century Britain'' (Clarendon Press, 2005) p124</ref>  Abercrombie is replaced himself, after failing to take the fort at [[Ticonderoga, New York|Ticonderoga]].

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Nam tiến]], the southward expansion of the territory of [[Vietnam]] into the [[Indochina]] Peninsula, is concluded.<ref>{{cite book|author=Nguyen The Anh|chapter=Le Nam tien dans les textes Vietnamiens|editor=Lafont, P. B.|title=Les frontieres du Vietnam|publisher=Edition l'Harmattan|location=Paris|year=1989}}</ref>
* A {{transliteration|fa|[[firman]]}} (decree) of [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] sultan [[Osman III]] (d. October 30) preserves the division of ownership and responsibilities of various [[Christianity|Christian]] holy places in [[Jerusalem]] and [[Bethlehem]] (e.g. the former's [[Church of the Holy Sepulchre]]);<ref>{{cite book|title=Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia|editor1-last=Dumper|editor1-first=Michael|editor2-last=Stanley|editor2-first=Bruce E.|year=2007|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=9781576079195|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3SapTk5iGDkC&pg=PA209|page=209}}</ref> this becomes established as the [[Status Quo (Jerusalem and Bethlehem)|Status Quo]] in international law.<ref>{{cite book|year=1929|authorlink=Archer Cust|first=L. G. A.|last=Cust|title=The Status Quo in the Holy Places}}</ref>
* [[Robert Wood (antiquarian)|Robert Wood]] publishes ''The ruins of Balbec, otherwise Heliopolis in Coelosyria'' in English and French, making the ancient city of [[Baalbek]], [[Syria]] known to the West.
* [[Emanuel Swedenborg]] claims to have witnessed the [[Last Judgment]] occurring in the spiritual world.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Swedenborg|first=Emanuel|title=The Last Judgment and Babylon Destroyed|publisher=|year=1758|location=|pages=}}</ref></onlyinclude>

== Births ==
[[File:Alexander Hamilton portrait by John Trumbull 1806.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Alexander Hamilton]]]]
[[File:Gilbert du Motier Marquis de Lafayette.PNG|thumb|right|110px|[[Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette]]]]
[[File:William Blake by Thomas Phillips.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[William Blake]]]]
* [[January 11]] &ndash; [[Alexander Hamilton]], first U.S. Secretary of the Treasury (most cited date of birth) (d. [[1804]])
* [[January 16]] &ndash; [[Richard Goodwin Keats]], British admiral, Governor of Newfoundland (d. [[1834]])
* [[February 3]] &ndash; [[Joseph Forlenze]], Italian ophthalmologist (d. [[1833]])
* [[February 20]] &ndash; [[John 'Mad Jack' Fuller]], English philanthropist (d. [[1834]])
* [[April 9]] &ndash; [[Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth]], British admiral (d. [[1833]])
* [[April 28]] &ndash; [[Edmund Butcher]], English Unitarian minister (d. [[1822]])
* [[May 6]] &ndash; [[Veronika Gut]], Swiss rebel heroine (d. [[1829]])
* [[May 7]] &ndash; [[Ludwig von Brauchitsch]], Prussian general (d. [[1827]])
* [[May 25]] &ndash; [[Louis-Sébastien Lenormand]], French chemist, physicist and inventor (d. [[1837]])
* [[May 30]] &ndash; [[Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth]], Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. [[1844]])
* [[June 18]] &ndash; [[Gervasio Antonio de Posadas]], Argentine leader (d. [[1833]])
* [[June 22]] &ndash; [[George Vancouver]], British explorer (d. [[1798]])
* [[July 20]] &ndash; [[Garsevan Chavchavadze]], Georgian diplomat, politician (d. [[1811]])
* [[August 9]] &ndash; [[Elizabeth Schuyler]], wife of [[Alexander Hamilton]], co-founder of New York's first orphanage (d. [[1854]])
* [[August 9]] &ndash; [[Thomas Telford]], Scottish-born civil engineer, architect (d. [[1834]])
* [[August 23]] &ndash; [[Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann]], German actress (d. [[1775]])
* [[September 6]] &ndash; [[Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette]], French soldier, statesman (d. [[1834]])
* [[September 20]] &ndash; [[Esther de Gélieu]], Swiss educator (d. [[1817]])
* [[October 9]] &ndash; King [[Charles X of France]] (d. [[1836]])
* [[October 21]] &ndash; [[Pierre Augereau]], [[Marshal of France]] and duc de Castiglione (d. [[1816]])
* [[November 1]] &ndash; [[Antonio Canova]], Italian sculptor (d. [[1822]])
* [[November 28]] &ndash; [[William Blake]], English poet and artist (d. [[1827]])<ref>{{cite web |title=William Blake |url=https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/commemorations/william-blake/ |website=Westminster Abbey |access-date=27 August 2024 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[December 7]] &ndash; [[José Antonio Pareja]], Spanish admiral (d. [[1813]])
* [[December 30]] &ndash; [[Sebastián Kindelán y O'Regan]], Spanish colonial governor (d. [[1826]])
* Date unknown
** [[Agnes Ibbetson]], English plant physiologist (d. [[1823]])
** [[John Leamy (merchant)|John Leamy]], Irish–American merchant (d. [[1839]])

== Deaths ==
[[File:Queen Sophie Dorothea of Prussia.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Sophia Dorothea of Hanover]]]]
[[File:OsmanIII.jpg|thumb|right|110px|Sultan [[Osman III]]]]
* [[January 9]] &ndash; [[Bernard Le Bovier de Fontenelle]], French scientist, man of letters (b. [[1657]])
* [[January 19]] &ndash; [[Thomas Ruddiman]], Scottish classical scholar (b. [[1664]])
* [[February 5]] &ndash; [[Horatio Walpole, 1st Baron Walpole of Wolterton]], English diplomat (b. [[1678]])
* [[March 1]] &ndash; [[Edward Moore (dramatist)|Edward Moore]], English writer (b. [[1712]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Restoration and 18th-Century Drama |date=November 1980 |publisher=Macmillan International Higher Education |isbn=978-1-349-16422-6 |page=109 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OD9dDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA109 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[March 8]] &ndash; [[Thomas Blackwell (scholar)|Thomas Blackwell]], Scottish classical scholar (b. [[1701]])
* [[March 12]] &ndash; [[Giuseppe Galli Bibiena]], Italian architect/painter (b. [[1696]])
* [[March 14]] &ndash; [[John Byng]], British admiral (executed) (b. [[1704]])
* [[March 27]] &ndash; [[Johann Stamitz]], Czech-born composer (b. [[1717]])
* [[March 28]] &ndash; [[Robert-François Damiens]], French domestic servant, executed for the attempted assassination of Louis XV of France (b. [[1715]])
* [[April 4]] &ndash; [[Spencer Phips]], Acting governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay (b. [[1685]])
* [[April 20]] &ndash; [[Paul Alphéran de Bussan]], French bishop (b. [[1684]])
* [[May 6]]
** [[Maximilian Ulysses Browne|Maximilian Ulysses Count Browne]], Austrian field marshal (b. [[1705]])
** [[Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton]], British politician (b. [[1683]])
** [[Kurt Christoph Graf von Schwerin]], Prussian field marshal (b. [[1684]])
* [[June 28]] &ndash; [[Sophia Dorothea of Hanover]], queen consort of Frederick William I (b. [[1687]])
* [[July 2]] &ndash; [[Siraj ud-Daulah]], the last independent ruler of [[Bengal]] of undivided India (b. [[1733]])
* [[July 8]] &ndash; [[Daniel Parke Custis]], American planter (b. [[1711]])
* [[July 23]] &ndash; [[Domenico Scarlatti]], Italian composer (b. [[1685]])
* [[August 3]] &ndash; [[Charles William Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach]] (b. [[1712]])
* [[August 17]] &ndash; [[Aaron Cleveland]], American clergyman (b. [[1715]])
* [[August 28]] &ndash; [[David Hartley (philosopher)|David Hartley]], English philosopher (b. [[1705]])
* [[August 30]] &ndash; [[Bulleh Shah]], Sufi poet (b. [[1680]])
* [[September 24]] &ndash; [[Aaron Burr Sr.]], President of Princeton University (b. [[1716]])
* [[October 2]] &ndash; [[Aloysius Centurione]], Italian Jesuit (b. [[1686]])
* [[October 17]] &ndash; [[René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur]], French scientist (b. [[1683]])
* [[October 25]] &ndash; [[Antoine Augustin Calmet]], French theologian (b. [[1672]])
* [[October 30]] 
** [[Osman III]], Ottoman Sultan (b. [[1699]])
** [[Edward Vernon]], English naval officer (b. [[1684]])
* [[December 11]]
** [[Colley Cibber]], English poet laureate, actor-manager (b. [[1671]])
** [[Edmund Curll]], English bookseller, publisher (b. [[1675]])
* [[December 14]] &ndash; [[Levan Abashidze (died 1757)|Levan Abashidze]], Georgian politician
* [[December 15]] &ndash; [[John Dyer]], Welsh poet (b. [[1699]])
* [[December 28]] &ndash; [[Princess Caroline of Great Britain]], fourth child and third daughter of George II (b. [[1713]])
* Date unknown &ndash; [[Rika Maja]], Sami shaman  (b. [[1661]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1757}}
[[Category:1757| ]]