Editing 1741

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{Year dab|1741}}
{{Year nav|1741}}
[[File:Prussian Army during battle of Mollwitz 1741.jpg|thumb|300px|[[April 10]] &ndash; Frederick the Great leads Prussian troops to victory over Austrians in [[Battle of Mollwitz]].]]
{{C18 year in topic}}
{{Year article header|1741}}

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>
=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 13]] 
**[[Lanesborough, Massachusetts]] is created as a township.<ref>''Humphrey v. Whitney'', in ''Massachusetts Reports'', vol. '''20''' (West Publishing, 1836) pp. 157-15.8</ref>
**[[Conventicle Act (Denmark–Norway)|Conventicle Act of 1741]] is introduced in [[Denmark-Norway]].<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=konventikkel |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Godal | editor-first=Anne Marit | editor-link=Anne Marit Godal |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=http://snl.no/konventikkel |language=no|access-date=9 November 2013}}</ref>
*[[February 13]] &ndash; Sir [[Robert Walpole]], the [[Prime Minister of Great Britain]], popularizes the term "the [[balance of power (international relations)|balance of power]]" in a speech in Parliament.<ref>{{cite book|first=Max|last=Cryer|title=Common Phrases: And the Amazing Stories Behind Them|publisher=Skyhorse Publishing|year=2010|page=26}}</ref>
*[[February 14]] &ndash; Irish-born actor [[Charles Macklin]] makes his London stage debut as [[Shylock]] in ''[[The Merchant of Venice]]'' at the [[Theatre Royal, Drury Lane]], pioneering a psychologically realistic style with [[Shakespeare]]'s text revived, replacing [[George Granville, 1st Baron Lansdowne|George Granville]]'s melodramatic adaptation [[The Merchant of Venice#Performance history|''The Jew of Venice'']].<ref>{{cite book|first=John Russell|last=Brown|title=Shakespeare's Plays in Performance|publisher=Hal Leonard Corporation|year=1993|page=63}}</ref> [[Kitty Clive]] plays the [[Travesti (theatre)|travesti]] role of [[Portia (The Merchant of Venice)|Portia]].<ref>{{cite journal|first=Fiona|last=Ritchie|title=Shakespeare and the Eighteenth-Century Actress|journal=Borrowers and Lenders|volume=2|issue=2|year=2006|url=https://borrowers-ojs-azsu.tdl.org/borrowers/article/view/50|accessdate=2023-12-29}}</ref>
*[[March 9]] &ndash; [[War of the Austrian Succession]]: [[Prussia]]n troops bring down the Austrian fortress of [[Głogów|Glogau]] (modern-day Głogów in Poland).<ref>{{cite book|first=Bryan|last=Perrett|title=Why the Germans Lost: The Rise and Fall of the Black Eagle|location=Barnsley|publisher=Pen and Sword|year=2013|page=8}}</ref>
*[[March 13]] &ndash; The British [[Royal Navy]] takes 180 warships, frigates and transport vessels, led by Admiral Edward Vernon, to threaten [[Cartagena, Colombia]], with more than 27,000 crew against the 3,600 defenders.<ref>{{cite book|first=Dolores|last=Luna Guinot|title=From Al-Andalus to Monte Sacro|publisher=Trafford Publishing|year=2014}}</ref>

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 6]] &ndash; The [[New York Slave Insurrection of 1741|New York Slave Insurrection]], a plot to set fire to [[New York City]], is discovered.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/negroplot/account1741plot.html|title=The 'Negro Plot Trials': An Account|first=Douglas O.|last=Linder|year=2009|work=FamousTrials.com}}</ref>
* [[April 10]] &ndash; [[War of the Austrian Succession]]: An [[Archduchy of Austria|Austrian]] army is defeated by [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussian]] troops of [[Frederick the Great]] in the [[Battle of Mollwitz]].
* [[May 4]] &ndash; [[Vitus Bering]] sets out from [[Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky]] to map the coasts of [[Siberia]] and [[Alaska]].
* [[May 9]] &ndash; [[War of Jenkins' Ear]]: [[Battle of Cartagena de Indias]] &ndash; [[Spanish Empire|Spain]]'s defenders in [[New Grenada]], under the command of General [[Blas de Lezo]], defeat [[Edward Vernon]]'s Royal Navy force, leading to a British retreat to Jamaica.<ref>{{cite book|chapter=Cartagena, Expedition against|first=James D.|last=Drake|title=The Encyclopedia of North American Colonial Conflicts to 1775|editor=Tucker, Spencer|publisher=Harper Collins|year=2008}}</ref>
* [[May 14]] &ndash; [[HMS Wager (1739)|HMS ''Wager'']], one of the vessels of [[George Anson, 1st Baron Anson#Voyage around the world|George Anson's voyage around the world]], is wrecked on the coast of [[Chile]], killing most of the crew who have survived [[scurvy]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Stephen R.|last=Bown|title=Scurvy: How a Surgeon, a Mariner, and a Gentlemen Solved the Greatest Medical Mystery of the Age of Sail|publisher=Macmillan|year=2005}}</ref>
* [[May 15]] &ndash; [[Nader Shah]], [[Emperor of Persia]], narrowly escapes an assassination attempt.<ref>{{cite book|first=Michael|last=Axworthy|title=Sword of Persia: Nader Shah, from Tribal Warrior to Conquering Tyrant|publisher=I.B. Tauris|year=2010}}</ref> 
* [[May 21]] &ndash; [[War of the Austrian Succession]]: King [[George II of Great Britain]] orders the [[British Army]] to prepare for an invasion of Prussia to defend his [[Electorate of Hanover]].<ref>{{cite book|first1=Brendan|last1=Simms|first2=Torsten|last2=Riotte|title=The Hanoverian Dimension in British History, 1714–1837|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2007|page=1041}}</ref>
* [[June 11]] &ndash; [[1741 British general election]], begun on April 30, concludes with Prime Minister [[Robert Walpole]]'s [[Whigs (British political party)|Whigs]] retaining their majority in the House of Commons but losing 44 seats to candidates who have defected to the new [[Patriot Whigs]] to oppose his policies. 
* [[June 25]] &ndash; [[Maria Theresa of Austria]] is crowned [[Kingdom of Hungary|Queen Regnant of Hungary]] in [[Bratislava]].

=== July&ndash;September ===  
* [[July 8]] &ndash; [[Jonathan Edwards (theologian)|Jonathan Edwards]] repeats his ''[[Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God]]'' sermon at [[Enfield, Connecticut]].
* [[July 15]] &ndash; [[Alexei Chirikov]] sights land in [[Southeast Alaska]], and sends some men aboard his ship ashore in a [[longboat]], making them the first Europeans to visit [[Alaska]].
* [[August 4]]&ndash;[[August 5|5]] &ndash; [[War of Jenkins' Ear]]: [[Invasion of Cuba (1741)|Invasion of Cuba]] &ndash; British Admiral [[Edward Vernon]] captures [[Guantánamo Bay]] in [[Cuba]], which he renames Cumberland Bay, but which his forces are forced to abandon on [[December 9]].
* [[August 10]] &ndash; Raja [[Marthanda Varma]] of [[Travancore]] defeats the [[Dutch East India Company]] in the [[Battle of Colachel]], ending the Dutch colonial rule in India and marking the first "major" defeat of a European colonial military power in India.
* [[August 23]] &ndash; At least 2,000 die along the shores of the Sea of Japan after a volcanic eruption on an island generated the [[1741 eruption of Oshima–Ōshima and the Kampo tsunami|Kampo Tsunami]].<ref name="Tsunami Event Information  W. HOKKAIDO ISLAND">{{cite web |title=Tsunami Event Information W. HOKKAIDO ISLAND |url=https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/tsunami/event-more-info/419 |website=NGDC NCEI |publisher=NCEI |access-date=30 March 2021}}</ref>
*[[September 11]] &ndash; [[War of the Austrian Succession]]: [[Linz]] falls to the [[Bavarian Army]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Joachim|last=Whaley|title=Germany and the Holy Roman Empire: Volume '''II''': The Peace of Westphalia to the Dissolution of the Reich, 1648-1806|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2012|page=354}}</ref>

=== October&ndash;December ===  
*[[October 12]] &ndash; George II, as Elector of Hanover, signs the Neustadt Protocol with France, but fails to inform his British government until after his return from Germany.<ref>{{cite book|first=Andrew C.|last=Thompson|title=George II: King and Elector|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2011|page=140}}</ref> 
* [[November 25]]&ndash;[[November 26|26]] &ndash; [[War of the Austrian Succession]]: Franco-Bavarian troops commanded by [[Maurice of Saxony]] storm in [[Battle of Prague (1741)|Battle of Prague]] city [[Prague]].
* [[December 6]] (November 25, O.S.) &ndash; [[Elizabeth of Russia]] becomes czarina after a palace coup.<ref>{{cite book|first=Spencer|last=Tucker|title=A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East|location=Santa Barbara|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2010|page=739}}</ref>
*[[December 7]]
**[[War of the Austrian Succession]]: [[Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles Albert of Bavaria]] has himself proclaimed [[List of Bohemian monarchs#King of Bohemia|King of Bohemia]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Hugh LeCaine|last=Agnew|title=The Czechs and the Lands of the Bohemian Crown|publisher=Hoover Press|year=2004|page=1871}}</ref>
**[[Aleksei Chirikov]] of Russia presents the first written description of the northwest coast of North America.<ref>{{cite book|chapter=Chirikov, Alexei|first=Anna|last=Shishigina|title=Encyclopedia of the Arctic|editor=Nuttall, Mark|publisher=Routledge|year=2005|page=333}}</ref>
* [[December 19]] &ndash; [[Vitus Bering]] dies during his expedition, east of [[Siberia]].
* [[December 25]] &ndash; [[Anders Celsius]] develops his own [[thermometer]] scale, ''Centigrade'', the predecessor of the [[Celsius]] scale.

=== Date unknown ===
* Summer &ndash; [[Upper Priory Cotton Mill]] is opened in [[Birmingham]], England, as the world's first mechanised [[cotton mill]] by [[Lewis Paul]] and [[John Wyatt (inventor)|John Wyatt]]; although this is not a commercial success, other [[Paul-Wyatt cotton mills]] follow.<ref>{{cite ODNB|last=Baker|first=John Leon|date=2004|id=30106|title=Wyatt, John (1700–1766)}}</ref>
* ''[[Stemmatographia]]'' by [[Hristofor Zhefarovich]], regarded as the first [[Serbs|Serbian]] and [[Bulgaria]]n [[secular]] printed book, is printed in [[Vienna]].
* The [[Royal Order of Scotland]] in freemasonry is founded.</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[January 14]] &ndash; [[Benedict Arnold]], American Revolutionary War general, traitor (d. [[1801]])
* [[January 27]] &ndash; [[Hester Thrale]], Welsh diarist (d. [[1821]])
* [[February 7]] &ndash; [[Henry Fuseli]], Swiss painter and writer (d. [[1825]])
[[File:Anton von Maron 006.png|thumb|right|110px|[[Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor]]]]
* [[March 13]] &ndash; [[Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor]] (d. [[1790]])
* [[March 17]] &ndash; [[William Withering]], British physician (d. [[1799]])
* [[March 20]] &ndash; [[Jean Antoine Houdon]], French sculptor (d. [[1828]])
* [[April 14]] &ndash; [[Emperor Momozono]] of Japan (d. [[1762]])
* [[May 13]] &ndash; [[Ingeborg Akeleye]], Norwegian noble known for her love life (d. [[1800]]) 
* [[May 23]] &ndash; [[Andrea Luchesi]], Italian composer (d. [[1801]])
* [[June 11]] &ndash; [[Joseph Warren]], American Patriot, physician (d. [[1775]])
* [[June 26]] &ndash; [[John Langdon (politician)|John Langdon]], American politician (d. [[1819]])
* [[September 22]] &ndash; [[Peter Simon Pallas]], German zoologist (d. [[1811]])
* [[October 4]] &ndash; [[Edmond Malone]], Irish scholar (d. [[1812]])
* [[October 18]] &ndash; [[Pierre Choderlos de Laclos]], French general, author (d. [[1803]])
* [[October 24]] &ndash; [[Johann August von Starck]], German pastor (d. [[1816]])
* [[November 15]] &ndash; [[Johann Kaspar Lavater]], Swiss physiognomist (d. [[1801]])
* Date unknown &ndash; 
** [[Nikolaos Koutouzis]], Greek painter, poet and priest (d. [[1813]])
** [[Catherine Antonovna of Brunswick]], German-Russian noble (d. [[1807]])
** [[Gelelemend]], Lenape chief (d. [[1811]])

== Deaths ==
* [[January 15]] &ndash; [[Ramon Despuig]], Spanish-born 67th Grandmaster of the [[Knights Hospitaller]] (b. [[1670]])
* [[February 13]] &ndash; [[Johann Joseph Fux]], Austrian composer (b. [[1660]])
* [[February 21]] &ndash; [[Jethro Tull (agriculturist)|Jethro Tull]], British agriculturist (b. [[1674]])
* [[March 16]] &ndash; [[Eleonora Luisa Gonzaga]], Tuscan princess (b. [[1686]])
* [[March 17]] &ndash; [[Jean-Baptiste Rousseau]], French poet (b. [[1671]])
* [[March 31]] &ndash; [[Pieter Burmann the Elder]], Dutch classical scholar (b. [[1668]])
* [[April 10]] &ndash; [[Celia Fiennes]], English travel writer (b. [[1662]])
* [[May 21]] &ndash; [[Henry Dawnay, 2nd Viscount Downe]], Irish peer (b. [[1664]])
* [[May 24]] &ndash; [[Lord Augustus FitzRoy]], Royal Navy officer during the [[Battle of Cartagena de Indias]] (b. [[1716]])
* [[May 25]] &ndash; [[Daniel Ernst Jablonski]], German theologian (b. [[1660]])
* [[June 14]] &ndash; [[Landgravine Caroline of Hesse-Rotenburg]], German noble (b. [[1714]])
* [[June 18]] &ndash; [[François Pourfour du Petit]], French anatomist, ophthalmologist and surgeon (b. [[1664]])
* [[July 3]] &ndash; [[Elisabeth Therese of Lorraine]], Sardinian queen consort (b. [[1711]])
[[File:Vivaldi.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Antonio Vivaldi]]]]
* [[July 28]] &ndash; [[Antonio Vivaldi]], Italian composer (b. [[1678]])
* [[August 4]] &ndash; [[Andrew Hamilton (lawyer)|Andrew Hamilton]], American lawyer (b. [[1676]])
* [[August 31]] &ndash; [[Johann Gottlieb Heineccius]], German jurist (b. [[1681]])
* [[September 7]] &ndash; [[Blas de Lezo]], Spanish admiral (b. [[1689]])
* [[September 28]] &ndash; [[Edward Bayly]], Irish politician (b. [[1684]])
* [[October 12]] &ndash; [[Joseph Talcott]], British Governor of the [[Connecticut Colony]] for more than 17 years, since 1724. (b. [[1670]])
* [[November 18]] &ndash; [[Stephen Delancey]], major colonial [[Province of New York|New York]] figure (b. [[1663]])
* [[November 24]] &ndash; Queen [[Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden]] (b.[[1688]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Ulrika Eleonora {{!}} queen of Sweden |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ulrika-Eleonora |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=17 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[December 14]] &ndash; [[Charles Rollin]], French historian (b. [[1661]])
* [[December 19]] &ndash; [[Vitus Bering]], Danish-born Russian explorer (b. [[1681]])
* [[December 21]] &ndash; [[Bernard de Montfaucon]], French Benedictine monk (b. [[1655]])
* [[December 31]] &ndash; [[Andrew Archer (1659–1741)|Andrew Archer]], English politician (b. [[1659]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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[[Category:1741| ]]