Editing 1734

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{about|the year|the type of witchcraft|1734 Tradition}}
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[[File:Siege of Danzig 1734.PNG|thumb|300px|[[June 30]]: [[Russia]]n troops [[Siege of Danzig (1734)|take Danzig]].]]
{{C18 year in topic}}
{{Year article header|1734}}

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>
=== January&ndash; March ===
* [[January 8]] &ndash; Salzburgers, [[Lutheranism|Lutherans]] who were expelled by the [[Roman Catholic]] [[Bishop]] of [[Salzburg]], [[Austria]], in October [[1731]], set sail for the [[British Colony]] of [[Province of Georgia|Georgia]] in [[North America|America]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historyorb.com/events/date/1734 |title=Historical Events for Year 1734 &#124; OnThisDay.com |website=Historyorb.com |access-date=2016-06-21}}</ref>
* [[February 16]] &ndash; The [[Ostend Company]], established in 1722 in the [[Austrian Netherlands]] (modern-day Belgium) to compete for trade in the [[West Indies]] (the Caribbean islands) and the [[East Indies]] (south and southeast Asia), ceases business as part of the agreement by Austria in the [[Treaty of Vienna (1731)|Second Treaty of Vienna]].  
* [[March 12]] &ndash; Salzburgers arrive at the mouth of the [[Savannah River]] in the British [[Province of Georgia|Colony of Georgia]]. 
=== April&ndash;June ===  
* [[April 25]] &ndash; [[Easter]] occurs on the latest possible date (the next time is in [[1886]]).
* [[May 15]] &ndash; [[Charles III of Spain|Prince Charles of Spain]] (later King Charles III) becomes the new King of Naples and Sicily, five days after his arrival in Naples.
* [[May 25]] &ndash; Spanish forces under the command of [[José Carrillo de Albornoz, 1st Duke of Montemar]], defeat the Austrian forces, completing the conquest of the Kingdom of Naples at the [[Battle of Bitonto]].
* [[May 27]] &ndash; French and Swiss troops suppress the [[1733 slave insurrection on St. John|slave insurrection in the Danish West Indies]] on the island of [[Saint John, U.S. Virgin Islands|Saint John]] (part of the modern-day [[U.S. Virgin Islands]]) after six months and restore control of the plantations to the Danish owners.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=St. John Revolt (1733)|first=Lori|last=Lee|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Slave Resistance and Rebellion|editor-first=Junius P.|editor-last=Rodriguez|editor-link=Junius P. Rodriguez|publisher=Greenwood Press|year=2007|page=435}}</ref>
* [[June 6]] &ndash; With the conclusion of the [[1734 British general election|British general election]] (voting having begun in some constituencies on [[April 22]]), the [[Whigs (British political party)|Whigs]], led by Prime Minister [[Robert Walpole]], lose 85 seats but retain their majority.
* [[June 17]] &ndash; French troops take [[Philippsburg]], but the [[James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick|Duke of Berwick]] is killed.
* [[June 21]] &ndash; In [[Montreal]], [[New France]], a black slave known by the French name of [[Marie-Joseph Angélique]] is [[torture]]d then [[hanging|hanged]] by the [[France|French]] authorities for allegedly setting a fire that destroyed part of the city.
* [[June 30]] &ndash; [[War of the Polish Succession]]: [[Russia]]n troops take [[Siege of Danzig (1734)|Gdańsk]] ([[Germanic language|German]]: Danzig), which had been besieged since [[February]] 1734, after the failure of a [[France|French]] expedition to relieve the city.

=== July&ndash;September===
* [[July 18]] &ndash; The [[Siege of Philippsburg (1734)|Siege of the Austrian fortress of Philippsburg]] (near Karlsruhe, Germany) by the French Army, ends after eight weeks as its Austrian defenders surrender.   
* [[August 6]] &ndash; The armies of Spain and France, led by [[Charles III of Spain|the Duke of Parma]] (and future King Charles III of Spain) storm the city of [[Gaeta]] in [[Naples]], ending a [[Siege of Gaeta (1734)|four-month siege]].
* [[September 28]] &ndash; [[Abdallah of Morocco|Abdu'llah bin Ismail as-Samin]] is deposed after a 15-year reign as [[Sultan of Morocco]].

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 23]] &ndash; [[Jamaica]]'s Governor [[John Ayscough]] declares martial law to fight the slave rebellion that began in 1733, then drafts 600 men into the colonial army to march into the [[Blue Mountains (Jamaica)|Blue Mountains]].<ref>{{cite book |first=Edward B. |last=Rugemer |title=Slave Law and the Politics of Resistance in the Early Atlantic World |publisher=[[Harvard University Press]] |year=2018 |page=145}}</ref> (→ [[First Maroon War]])
* [[October 31]] &ndash; Chief [[Tomochichi]] of the [[Yamacraw]] band of the [[Muscogee]] Nation ends a successful four and a half month visit to Great Britain, along with Georgia Governor [[James Oglethorpe]] and other Yamacraw Indians, after having signed the cession of the area of modern day [[Savannah, Georgia]] to the Georgia Company. On June 16, he and the Muscogee delegation (Senauki, Toonahowi, Hillispilli, Umpichi, Apokutchi, Santachi and Stimaletchi) had been welcomed as guests of King George II. The group departs on [[HMS Aldborough (1727)|HMS ''Aldborough'']] after completing the visit by the largest delegation of Native Americans since 1616.<ref>{{cite book |first=Jace |last=Weaver |title=The Red Atlantic American Indigenes and the Making of the Modern World, 1000-1927 |publisher=[[University of North Carolina Press]] |year=2014 |page=20}}</ref> 
* [[November 5]] &ndash; The [[Dzików Confederation]] is created in Poland.
* [[December 24]] &ndash; A fire destroys the [[Royal Alcázar of Madrid]], the residence of the [[Spanish royal family]], along with more than 400 valuable paintings, 100 sculptures and thousands of documents.

=== Undated ===

* Creation of the [[Kanem–Bornu Empire]] after Kanem is taken over by the Sultan of Bornu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=BlackPast|title=Global African History Timeline •|url=https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history-timeline/|access-date=2021-09-01|language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Anton Wilhelm Amo]] becomes the first African to receive a doctorate in Europe and begins teaching at the [[University of Halle]].<ref name=":0" /></onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[January 16]] &ndash; [[John A. Treutlen]], Governor of [[Province of Georgia|Georgia]] (d. [[1782]])
* [[January 20]] &ndash; [[Robert Morris (financier)|Robert Morris]], [[Founding Father of the United States]] (d. [[1806]])
* [[February 15]] &ndash; [[William Stacy]], [[American Revolutionary War]] officer (d. [[1802]])
* [[February 27]] &ndash; [[Thomas Conway]], [[American Revolutionary War]] general (d. [[1800]])
* [[March 1]] &ndash; [[Jeanne de Bellem]], heroine of the Brabant Revolution
* [[March 19]] &ndash; [[Thomas McKean]], [[United States|American]] lawyer, signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. [[1817]])
* [[April 17]] &ndash; [[Taksin]], King of Thailand (d. [[1782]])
* [[April]] &ndash; [[Elsa Beata Bunge]], [[Swedish people|Swedish]] [[botanist]] (d. [[1819]]) 
* [[May 23]] &ndash; [[Franz Mesmer]], Austrian physician (d. [[1815]])
* [[July 25]] &ndash; [[Ueda Akinari]], Japanese author and scholar (d. [[1809]])
* [[August 10]] &ndash; [[Naungdawgyi]], [[Burma|Burmese]] king (d. [[1763]])
* [[August 24]] &ndash; [[Benjamin Church (physician)|Benjamin Church]], first [[Surgeon General of the United States Army]] (d. [[1763]])
* [[September 3]] &ndash; [[Joseph Wright of Derby|Joseph Wright]], British painter (d. [[1797]])
* [[September 17]] &ndash; [[Elizabeth Canning]], English maidservant and kidnappee (d. [[1773]])
* [[October 7]] &ndash; [[Sir Ralph Abercromby]], British general (d. [[1801]])
[[File:Unfinished portrait of Daniel Boone by Chester Harding 1820.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Daniel Boone]]]]
* [[November 2]] &ndash; [[Daniel Boone]], American frontiersman (d. [[1820]])
* [[December 1]] &ndash; [[Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski]], Polish aristocrat and patron of the arts (d. [[1823]])
* [[December 17]] &ndash; Queen [[Maria I of Portugal]] (d. [[1816]])
* [[December 21]] &ndash; [[Paul Revere]],  American silversmith, engraver, and Patriot in the American Revolution (d. [[1818]])
* [[December 26]] &ndash; [[George Romney (painter)|George Romney]], English painter (d. [[1802]])
* [[December 31]] &ndash; [[Francisco Manoel de Nascimento]], Portuguese poet (d. [[1819]])
* ''date unknown''
** [[Catharina Ahlgren]], Swedish poet, editor and early feminist (d.[[1800]])
** [[Ulrica Arfvidsson]], Swedish fortune teller (d. [[1801]])
** [[Elżbieta Branicka]], Polish szlachta and politician  (d. [[1800]])
** [[John Dawson (surgeon)|John Dawson]], English mathematician and surgeon (d.[[1820]])
** [[Pedro Fages]], Spanish soldier, explorer, and Governor of [[Alta California]] (d. [[1794]])
** [[Rohal Faqir]], Pakistani saint-poet and mystic (d.[[1804]])

== Deaths ==
* [[January 6]] &ndash; [[John Dennis (dramatist)|John Dennis]], English dramatist, critic (b. [[1658]])
* [[February 1]] &ndash; [[John Floyer (physician)|John Floyer]], English physician, writer (b. [[1649]])
* [[February 2]] &ndash; [[Charles Calvert (governor)|Charles Calvert]], Maryland official (b. [[1688]])
* [[February 9]] &ndash; [[Diego de Astorga y Céspedes]], Spanish Catholic cardinal (b. [[1663]])
* [[March 1]] &ndash; [[Roger North (17th century)|Roger North]], English biographer (b. [[1653]])
* [[March 16]] &ndash;  [[Andreas Silbermann]], German organ builder (b. [[1678]])
* [[March 21]] &ndash; [[Robert Wodrow]], Scottish historian (b. [[1679]])
* [[April 1]] &ndash; [[Louis Lully]], French composer (b. [[1664]])
* [[April 11]] &ndash; [[Thomas Fantet de Lagny]], French mathematician (b. [[1660]])
* [[April 25]] &ndash; [[Johann Konrad Dippel]], German alchemist (b. [[1673]])
* [[May 4]] &ndash; [[James Thornhill]], English painter (b. [[1675]] or [[1676]])
* [[May 15]] &ndash; [[Sebastiano Ricci]], Italian painter (b. [[1659]])
* [[May 21]] &ndash; [[Philippine Élisabeth d'Orléans]], French princess (b. [[1714]])
* [[May 24]] &ndash; [[Georg Ernst Stahl]], German physician and chemist (b. [[1660]])
[[File:Benedetto Gennari - James, Duke of Berwick - Alba Collection.png|thumb|[[James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick]]]]
* [[June 12]] &ndash; [[James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick]], illegitimate son of [[James II of England]] and French military commander (b. [[1670]])
* [[June 15]] &ndash; [[Giovanni Ceva]], Italian mathematician (b. [[1647]])
* [[June 17]] &ndash; [[Claude Louis Hector de Villars]], Marshal of France (b. [[1653]])
* [[June 21]] &ndash; [[Marie-Joseph Angélique]], African slave
* [[July 22]] &ndash; [[Peter King, 1st Baron King]], [[Lord Chancellor|Lord Chancellor of England]] (b. c. [[1669]])
* [[September 8]] &ndash; [[Michel Sarrazin]], Canadian scientist (b. [[1659]])
* [[October 12]] &ndash; [[Simon Henry Adolph, Count of Lippe-Detmold]], ruler of the county of [[Lippe]] (b. [[1694]])
* [[November 14]] &ndash; [[Louise de Kérouaille, Duchess of Portsmouth]], French-born mistress of [[Charles II of England]] (b. [[1649]])
* [[November 21]] &ndash; [[Alexis Simon Belle]], French portrait painter (b. [[1674]])
* [[November 23]] &ndash; [[Eugene Jean, Count of Soissons]], Prince of Savoy (b. [[1714]])
* [[December 5]] &ndash; [[Peter Tillemans]], Flemish painter (b. c. [[1684]])
* [[December 8]] &ndash; [[James Figg]], English prizefighter<ref>{{cite ODNB|last=Gee | first=Tony | title=Figg, James (b. before 1700, d. 1734), prize-fighter | year=2004 |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-9417 | doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/9417 | isbn=978-0-19-861412-8 |access-date=12 June 2022}}</ref>
* [[December 28]] &ndash; [[Rob Roy MacGregor]], Scottish clan chief (b. [[1671]])
* ''date unknown'' 
** [[Richard Cantillon]], Irish-French economist and author
** [[Étienne de Veniard, Sieur de Bourgmont]], French explorer (b. [[1679]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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