Editing 1728

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{Year dab|1728}}
{{Year nav|1728}}
[[File:William Hogarth 016.jpg|300px|thumb|[[January 29]]: ''[[The Beggar's Opera]]'' premieres in London (1731 painting by [[William Hogarth]]).]]
{{C18 year in topic}}
[[File:Simple stellar aberration diagram.svg|thumb|right|[[James Bradley]] calculates the [[speed of light]] using stellar [[Aberration of light|aberration]].]]

{{Year article header|1728}}

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 5]] &ndash; The ''[[University of Havana|Real y Pontificia Universidad de San Gerónimo de la Habana]]'', the oldest university in [[Cuba]], is founded in [[Havana]].
* [[January 9]] &ndash; The coronation of [[Peter II of Russia|Peter II]] as the Tsar of the [[Russian Empire]] takes place in [[Moscow]].
* [[January 29]] &ndash; ''[[The Beggar's Opera]]'', the most popular theatrical production of the 18th century, is performed for the first time.  The premiere takes place at the [[Lisle's Tennis Court|Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre]] in [[London]].  Written by [[John Gay]] with  music arranged by [[Johann Christoph Pepusch]], the ballad opera is a [[satire]] of Italian opera.
* [[February 28]] &ndash; [[Battle of Palkhed]]: [[Maratha (caste)|Maratha]] Peshwa [[Bajirao I]] defeats the first [[Nizam of Hyderabad]], [[Qamar-ud-din Khan, Asif Jah I|Nizam-ul-Mulk]].
* [[March 14]] &ndash; [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau]] leaves [[Geneva]] for the first time.

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 14]] &ndash; Saint [[Serapion of Algiers]], the first Mercedarian (of the  [[Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy]]) is canonized by [[Pope Benedict XIII]].
* [[April 29]] &ndash; [[John Essington (MP for New Romney)|John Essington]], a member of the British House of Commons, is expelled from Commons after a successful petition to have him unseated.  Essington, deep in debt, dies in Newgate Prison less than year later.  
* [[April 30]] &ndash; The 82 survivors of the wreckage of the Dutch East India Company frigate [[Zeewijk (1725)|''Zeewijk'']] arrive in the new ship that they had built, ''Sloepie'', at their original destination of [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]] in the [[Dutch East Indies]] (now [[Jakarta]] in [[Indonesia]]).
* [[May 16]] &ndash; Saint [[Margaret of Cortona]], the patron saint of the falsely accused, homeless people and mental illness sufferers, is canonized.
* [[May 25]] &ndash; [[Pope Gregory VII]] (Hildebrand of Sovana), who served as pontiff from 1073 to 1085, is canonized as a Roman Catholic saint.
* [[May 31]] &ndash; [[The Royal Bank of Scotland]] invents the [[overdraft]], allowing [[Edinburgh]] merchant William Hogg cash credit (in the amount of £1,000) for his creditors to be paid by the bank until Hogg receives expected revenue to repay the amount owed, plus interest.<ref>{{cite news|title=The history of payments in the UK|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7839823.stm|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2009-02-16|access-date=2016-02-25}}</ref>
* [[June 14]] &ndash; The [[Congress of Soissons]] opens at the French town of [[Soissons]] to negotiate a treaty between [[Great Britain]] and [[Spain]].  <ref>[[Abel Boyer]], ''The Political State of Great Britain, Volume XXXV, Containing the Months of January, February, March, April, May, and June, MDCCXXVIII'' (1728) p565</ref>  The treaty, which is concluded on November 9, 1729, recognizes the Spanish royal family's rule of parts of Italy, and Britain's possession of [[Gibraltar]] and [[Menorca]].  
* [[June 25]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Kyakhta]] is signed at the border city of [[Kyakhta]], between [[Imperial Russia|Russia]] and [[Qing Empire|China]], by representatives of the [[Peter II of Russia|Tsar Peter II]], and the Emperor [[Yongzheng Emperor|Yongzheng]].

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 14]] &ndash; The [[First Kamchatka Expedition]], led by [[Vitus Bering]] and his crew sail northward on the ship ''Archangel Gabriel'' from the [[Kamchatka Peninsula]], through the [[Bering Strait]], and round [[Cape Dezhnev]].
* [[July 17]] &ndash; At the age of 8, Prince Teruhito, son of [[Emperor Nakamikado]], is named as the Crown Prince of Japan.  Teruhito becomes the [[Emperor Sakuramachi]] at age 15, upon his father's death.
* [[July 18]] &ndash; After a reign of only four months, [[Abdalmalik of Morocco|Abdalmalik]] is deposed as [[Sultan of Morocco]] by his half-brother [[Abu'l Abbas Ahmad of Morocco|Ahmad ad Dahabi]], whom he had deposed on March 13.  Abdalmalik is later captured and executed on March 2, 1729. 
* [[July 23]] &ndash; At the conclusion of the [[Szeged witch trials]] in the city of the same name in [[Hungary]], six men and six women are [[Death by burning|burned at the stake]] on the island of Boszorkány Sziget (Hungarian for "Witch Island").
* [[August 16]] &ndash; Because of advancing Arctic ice, the [[First Kamchatka Expedition]] turns around after [[Vitus Bering]] concludes (inaccurately) that it had reached the easternmost point of Russia and Asia, and fails to spot the coast of Alaska because of the weather.
* [[August 29]] &ndash; The City of [[Nuuk]] is founded in [[Greenland]], as ''Fort Godt-Haab'', by [[list of governors of Greenland|royal governor]] [[Claus Paarss]].
* [[September 15]] &ndash; Persian physician [[Mohammad Mehdi ibn Ali Naqi]] completes ''Zad al-musafirin'',  his treatise for travelers to Persia on preservation of their health.  He notes the date as a postscript in his manual. <ref>Lutz Richter-Bernburg, ''Persian Medical Manuscripts at the University of California, Los Angeles: A Descriptive Catalogue'' (Malibu: Udena Publications, 1978) p. 155</ref>
* [[September 18]] &ndash; [[John Deane (colonial administrator)|John Deane]], a colonial administrator of Britain's [[British East India Company]], returns to [[Calcutta]] (Kolkata) after an absence of more than two years, and takes office at [[Fort William, India|Fort William]] to return to administering the [[Bengal Presidency]], an area now covering the Indian state of [[West Bengal]] and the nation of [[Bangladesh]]. <ref>''Old Fort William in Bengal: A Selection of Official Documents Dealing with Its History'', ed. by C. R. Wilson (Government of India, 1906) p. 127 </ref> 
* Late Summer &ndash; [[Voltaire]] ends his exile in England.

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 20]]&ndash;[[October 23|23]] &ndash; The [[Copenhagen Fire of 1728]] (the largest in the Danish city's history) burns.
* [[November 25]] &ndash; In [[India]], the [[Maratha Empire]]'s army invades the [[Mughal Empire]]'s [[Malwa]] province, crossing the [[Narmada River]].  On [[November 29]], the two armies clash at the Battle of [[Amjhira]]; the Maratha troops, commanded by General [[Chimaji Appa]], overcome the defenders of Malwa (now part of India's [[Andhra Pradesh]] state) and Malwa's Governor [[Girdhar Bahadur]] is killed.
* [[December 25]] &ndash; [[William Burnet (colonial administrator)|William Burnet]], the British [[Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay]] since July 19, is appointed by King George II to be the [[Governor of the Province of New Hampshire]] as well, governing both future U.S. states simultaneously until September 7.  Up until July, Burnet had been Governor of both New York and New Jersey since 1720.

=== Date unknown ===
* [[English people|English]] [[astronomer]] [[James Bradley]] uses stellar [[Aberration of light|aberration]] (first observed in 1725) to calculate the [[speed of light]], and observes [[Astronomical nutation|nutation of the Earth's axis]].<ref>{{cite book|first=J. B.|last=Delambre|author-link=Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre|title=Histoire de l'astronomie au dix-huitième siècle|publisher=Bachelier|location=Paris|year=1827}}</ref>

</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[January 9]] &ndash; [[Thomas Warton]], English poet (d. [[1790]])
* [[February 3]] &ndash; [[Charles Rainsford]], British general (d. [[1809]])
* [[February 21]] &ndash; Emperor [[Peter III of Russia]], husband of [[Catherine the Great]] (d. [[1762]])
* [[February 25]] &ndash; [[John Wood, the Younger]], English architect (d. [[1782]])
* [[March 28]] &ndash; [[Anton Raphael Mengs]], German-Bohemian painter (d. [[1779]])
* [[April 16]] &ndash; [[Joseph Black]], Scottish physicist and chemist (d. [[1799]])
* [[June 22]] &ndash; [[Anna Jabłonowska]], Polish magnate and politician (d. [[1800]])
* [[August 26]] &ndash; [[Johann Heinrich Lambert]], Swiss mathematician, physicist and astronomer (d. [[1777]])
* [[August 28]] &ndash; [[John Stark]], American Revolutionary War general (d. [[1822]])
* [[September 3]] &ndash; [[Matthew Boulton]], English manufacturer, lifelong key partner of [[James Watt]] (d. [[1809]])
* [[September 14]] &ndash; [[Mercy Otis Warren]], American playwright (d. [[1814]])
* [[October 5]] &ndash; [[Chevalier d'Éon]], French diplomat, spy, soldier and transvestite (d. [[1810]])
* [[October 7]] &ndash; [[Caesar Rodney]], American lawyer and signer of the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]] (d. [[1784]])
[[File:Captainjamescookportrait.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[James Cook]]]]
* [[October 27]] &ndash; [[James Cook]], British naval commander and explorer (d. [[1779]])
* [[November 10]] &ndash; [[Oliver Goldsmith]], Irish writer (d. [[1774]])
* [[December 28]] &ndash; [[Justus Claproth]], German jurist, inventor of the de-inking process of recycled paper (d. [[1805]])
* ''date unknown''
** [[Josefa Ordóñez]], Spanish–Mexican actress, courtesan (est. year of birth)
** [[James Armstrong (Georgia politician)|James Armstrong]], American politician and [[Major (rank)|Major]] of the [[Continental Army]] (d. [[1800]]) (est. year of birth)
* [[Juan Albano Pereira Márquez]] godfather and tutor of [[Bernardo O'Higgins]].

== Deaths ==
* [[January 26]] &ndash; [[Paolo de Matteis]], Italian painter (b. [[1662]])
* [[February 12]] &ndash; [[Agostino Steffani]], Italian diplomat, composer (b. [[1654]])
[[File:Cotton Mather.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Cotton Mather]]]]
* [[February 13]] &ndash; [[Cotton Mather]], New England Puritan minister (b. [[1663]])
* [[February 16]]
** [[Maria Aurora von Königsmarck]], Swedish noblewoman of Brandenburg extraction (b. [[1662]])
** [[Heinrich of Saxe-Weissenfels, Count of Barby]], German prince (b. [[1657]])
* [[February 25]] &ndash; [[Alexander zu Dohna-Schlobitten (1661–1728)|Alexander zu Dohna-Schlobitten]], German general (b. [[1661]])
* [[March 4]] &ndash; [[Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia]], eldest daughter of Peter the Great (b. [[1708]])
* [[March 7]] &ndash; [[Frederick Louis, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck]] (b. [[1653]])
* [[March 18]] &ndash; [[George Stanhope]], Dean of Canterbury (b. [[1660]])
* [[March 20]] &ndash; [[Camille d'Hostun, duc de Tallard]], Marshal of France (b. [[1652]])
* [[May 26]] &ndash; [[William Cheyne, 2nd Viscount Newhaven]], English politician (b. [[1657]])
* [[April 3]] &ndash; [[James Anderson (lawyer)|James Anderson]], Scottish historian (b. [[1662]])
* [[April 10]] &ndash; [[Nicodemus Tessin the Younger]], Swedish architect (b. [[1654]])
* [[April 21]] &ndash; [[Filippo Antonio Gualterio (cardinal)|Filippo Antonio Gualterio]], Italian Catholic cardinal (b. [[1660]])
* [[April 23]] &ndash; [[Tomás de Torrejón y Velasco]], Spanish composer, musician and organist (b. [[1644]])
* [[May 7]] &ndash; [[Rose Venerini]], Italian saint, educational pioneer (b. [[1656]])
* [[May 14]] &ndash; [[Louise Marie d'Orléans]], ''Mademoiselle'', French princess (b. [[1726]])
* [[May 23]] &ndash; [[William Delaune]], English academic administrator and clergyman (b. [[1659]])
* [[June 6]] &ndash; [[David Leslie, 3rd Earl of Leven]], British politician (b. [[1660]])
* [[June 17]] &ndash; [[Matthieu Petit-Didier]], French Benedictine theologian (b. [[1659]])
* [[June 30]] &ndash; [[Otto Friedrich von der Groeben]], Prussian traveller, soldier and author (b. [[1657]])
* [[July 21]] &ndash; [[Nathaniel Gould (1661–1728)|Nathaniel Gould]], English politician (b. [[1661]])
* [[August 3]] &ndash; [[Abraham de Peyster]], United States politician (b. [[1657]])
* [[August 7]] &ndash; [[Jacques L'enfant]], French Protestant pastor (b. [[1661]])
* [[August 11]] &ndash; [[William Sherard]], English botanist (b. [[1659]])
* [[August 15]] &ndash; [[Marin Marais]], French viol player and composer (b. [[1656]])
* [[August 26]] 
** [[William Ernest, Duke of Saxe-Weimar]] (b. [[1662]])
** [[Anne Marie d'Orléans]], Queen consort of Sicily and Sardinia (b. [[1669]])
* [[September 23]] &ndash; [[Christian Thomasius]], German jurist (b. [[1655]])
* [[September 24]] &ndash; [[Frederik Krag]], Danish nobleman and senior civil servant (b. [[1655]])
* [[October 1]] &ndash; [[Robert Livingston the Elder]], New York colonial official (b. [[1654]])
* [[October 15]] &ndash; [[Bernard de la Monnoye]], French lawyer (b. [[1641]])
* [[November 10]] &ndash; [[Fyodor Apraksin]], Russian admiral (b. [[1661]])
* [[November 15]] &ndash; [[Élie Benoist]], French Protestant minister (b. [[1640]])
* [[November 19]] &ndash; [[Leopold, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen]], German prince (b. [[1694]])
* [[November 22]]
** [[Grand Duchess Natalya Alexeyevna of Russia (1714–1728)]], Russian grand duchess (b. [[1714]])
** [[Joseph Boyse]], Presbyterian minister (b. [[1660]])
* [[December 8]] &ndash; [[Camillo Rusconi]], Italian artist (b. [[1658]])
* [[December 28]] &ndash; [[Thomas Johnson (Liverpool merchant)|Thomas Johnson]], English politician (b. [[1664]])
* ''date unknown'' 
** [[Giovanni Barbara]], Maltese architect and military engineer (b. [[1642]])
** [[Dionysius Andreas Freher]], [[German mystic]] (b. [[1649]])
** [[Stokkseyrar-Dísa]], Icelandic Galdrmistress (b. [[1668]])
** [[Serfoji I]], third Raja of the Bhonsle Dynasty (b. [[1675]])
** [[Maria Guyomar de Pinha]], Siamese cook (b. [[1664]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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[[Category:1728| ]]
[[Category:Leap years in the Gregorian calendar]]