Editing 1724

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{{Year dab|1724}}
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| footer            = [[January 15]]: King Felipe V of Spain abdicates in favor of his son, who becomes King Luis I but dies 7 months later.
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[[File:Blenheim engraving.jpg|thumb|300px|right|1724: [[Blenheim Palace]] is completed.]]

{{C18 year in topic}}
{{Year article header|1724}}

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 15]] &ndash; King [[Philip V of Spain]] abdicates the throne in favour of his 16-year-old son [[Louis I of Spain|Louis I]].<ref name=Louis>{{cite web |title=Louis {{!}} king of Spain |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Louis-king-of-Spain |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=31 March 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[January 18]] &ndash; The [[Dutch East India Company]] cargo ship ''[[Fortuyn (1722)|Fortuyn]]'', on its maiden voyage, departs from the [[Cape of Good Hope]] in South Africa after a layover of 16 days following its arrival from the Netherlands. With a crew of 225 commanded by Pieter Westrik, the ship departs for [[Jakarta|Batavia]] in the [[Dutch East Indies]] and is never seen again.
* [[January 22]] &ndash; [[Bruno Mauricio de Zabala]], Spanish [[Captain general]] of the [[Río de la Plata]], forces the Portuguese to abandon their fortified settlement at what will become the city of [[Montevideo]] in [[Uruguay]].
* [[January 28]] &ndash; [[Saint Petersburg State University]] is established in [[Russia]].
* [[February 8]] &ndash; [[Catherine I of Russia]] is officially named tsaritsa by her husband, [[Peter the Great]].
* [[February 20]] &ndash; The premiere of ''[[Giulio Cesare]]'', an Italian [[opera]] by [[George Frideric Handel]], takes place in London.
* [[March 7]] &ndash; [[Pope Innocent XIII]] dies at the age of 68 after less than three years as the Roman Catholic pontiff.
* [[March 20]] &ndash; The [[1724 papal conclave]] opens in Rome, 13 days after the death of Innocent XIII. Starting with 33 electors and eventually having 53, the conclave deliberates for more than two months before selecting a successor.

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 7]] &ndash; (Good Friday) [[Johann Sebastian Bach|Bach]] leads the first performance of his ''[[St John Passion structure|St John Passion]]'',""carefully designed with a great deal of musico-theological intent", on [[Good Friday]].
* [[April 10]] &ndash; [[Johann Sebastian Bach|Bach]] leads the first performance of his cantata [[Erfreut euch, ihr Herzen, BWV 66|''Erfreut euch, ihr Herzen'', BWV 66]], his first cantata composed for Easter in Leipzig.
* [[April 23]] &ndash; [[Johann Sebastian Bach]] leads the first performance of his cantata [[Du Hirte Israel, höre, BWV 104|''Du Hirte Israel, höre'', BWV 104]], illustrating the topic of the [[Good Shepherd]] in [[Pastoral|pastoral music]].
* [[April 28]] &ndash; The first of the seven ''[[Drapier's Letters]]'', satirical pamphlets seeking to arouse public opinion in Ireland against the imposition by the British of a privately minted [[copper]] coinage, is published by [[Jonathan Swift]], [[Dean (religion)|Dean]] of [[St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin]] and author, writing under the pseudonym "M. B., Drapier", identifying himself as a [[Draper|drapier]] or seller of cloth.
* [[May 13]] &ndash; Cardinal [[Giulio Piazza]], the Archbishop of Faenza, comes within four votes of being elected the new Pope
* [[May 29]] &ndash; Cardinal Vincenzo Orsini, the Archbishop of Benevento, accepts the papacy, two days after being unanimously selected by the cardinals at the [[1724 papal conclave|papal conclave in Rome]]. He becomes the 245th pontiff as [[Pope Benedict XIII]].
* [[June 11]]  &ndash; [[Johann Sebastian Bach]] leads his cantata '''{{lang|de|[[O Ewigkeit, du Donnerwort, BWV 20|O Ewigkeit, du Donnerwort]]}}''' (O eternity, you word of thunder), BWV{{nbsp}}20, on the [[List of church cantatas by liturgical occasion#First Sunday after Trinity (Trinity I)|first Sunday after Trinity]], beginning his second cycle, the [[chorale cantata cycle]]. 
* [[June 23]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Constantinople (1724)|Treaty of Constantinople]] is signed, partitioning [[Iran|Persia]] between the [[Ottoman Empire]] and Russia.
* [[June 24]] &ndash; On the [[Nativity of St John the Baptist|Feast of St. John the Baptist]], [[Johann Sebastian Bach|Bach]] leads the first performance of his ''{{lang|de|[[Christ unser Herr zum Jordan kam, BWV 7|Christ unser Herr zum Jordan kam]]}}'', BWV{{nbsp}}7, the third cantata of his [[chorale cantata cycle]].

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 2]] &ndash; On the [[Visitation (Christianity)|Feast of the Visitation]], [[Johann Sebastian Bach|Bach]] leads the first performance of his ''{{lang|de|[[Meine Seel erhebt den Herren, BWV 10|Meine Seel erhebt den Herren]]}}'', BWV{{nbsp}}10, the fifth cantata of his [[chorale cantata cycle]].
* [[July 27]] &ndash; "[[Peter the Wild Boy]]" is captured near Helpensen in [[Hanover]].
* [[July 31]] &ndash; The [[Hyderabad State]] is created in [[India]], as [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Muhammad Shah]] rewards his associate [[Mir Qamar-ud-din Khan]]. Qamar-ud-din becomes the first [[Nizam of Hyderabad]].  The princely state exists for more than 220 years, coming to an end after India's independence from Britain.
* August &ndash; [[Longman]], the oldest surviving [[publishing house]] in [[England]], is founded in London by [[Thomas Longman (1699–1755)|Thomas Longman]].
* [[August 13]] &ndash; [[Johann Sebastian Bach]] leads the first performance of [[Nimm von uns, Herr, du treuer Gott, BWV 101|''Nimm von uns, Herr, du treuer Gott'', BWV 101]], a [[Chorale cantata cycle|chorale cantata]] on [[Vater unser im Himmelreich|a famous tune]].<ref>{{cite web
  | url = http://www.bach-digital.de/receive/BachDigitalWork_work_00000126?lang=en
  | title = Nimm von uns, Herr, du treuer Gott BWV 101; BC A 118
  | website = [[Bach Digital]]
  | date = 2024
  }}</ref>
* [[August 31]] &ndash; [[Louis I of Spain]] dies of [[smallpox]], aged 17, after a reign of seven months, and his father [[Philip V of Spain|Philip V]] resumes the throne.<ref name=Louis />
*[[September 4]] &ndash; [[José de Grimaldo]], who had been Prime Minister for Spain's King Philip V until the latter's abdication in January, resumes office with the return of King Philip.
* [[September 10]] &ndash; [[Johann Sebastian Bach]] leads the first performance of [[Jesu, der du meine Seele, BWV 78|''Jesu, der du meine Seele'', BWV 78]], a [[Chorale cantata cycle|chorale cantata]] based on a passion hymn by [[Johann Rist]].<ref> {{cite web
  | url = http://www.bach-digital.de/receive/BachDigitalWork_work_00000097?lang=en
  | title = Jesu, der du meine Seele BWV 78; BC A 130
  | website = [[Bach Digital]]
  | date = 2024
  }}</ref>
*[[September 24]] &ndash;  The [[Euronext Paris|Paris Bourse]], the stock exchange for France, is created by order of King Louis XV on the advice of [[Nicolas Ravot d'Ombreval]], four years after a financial panic had shut down trading.  Stock markets had already been set up in Lyon, Bourdeaux and Toulouse.
* [[September 29]] &ndash; [[Johann Sebastian Bach|J. S. Bach]] leads the first performance of '''[[Herr Gott, dich loben alle wir, BWV 130|''Herr Gott, dich loben alle wir'', BWV 130]]''', for the feast of [[Michael (archangel)|archangel Michael]], based on [[Paul Eber]]'s hymn in twelve stanzas.<ref>{{cite web
  | url = http://www.bach-digital.de/receive/BachDigitalWork_work_00000158?lang=en
  | title = Herr Gott, dich loben alle wir [1st version] BWV 130.1; BWV 130; BC A 179a/b
  | website = [[Bach Digital]]
  | date = 2024
  }}</ref>

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 2]] &ndash; [[Muhammad bin Nasir]] is elected as the new [[List of rulers of Oman|Imam of Oman]] after the overthrow of his brother, [[Saif bin Sultan II]]
* [[October 15]] &ndash; The historic [[Teatro Nuovo (Naples)|Teatro Nuovo]] opera house is inaugurated in [[Naples]] with the premiere of [[Antonio Orefice]]'s comic opera ''Lo Simmele''. 
* [[October 16]] &ndash; [[Yeongjo of Joseon|Yeongjo]] becomes the new [[List of monarchs of Korea|Emperor of Korea]] after the death of his older brother, [[Gyeongjong of Joseon|Gyeongjong]].  He reigns for almost 52 years until his death on April 22, 1776.
* [[October 22]] &ndash; [[Johann Sebastian Bach|J. S. Bach]] leads the first performance of ''[[Schmücke dich, o liebe Seele, BWV 180|Schmücke dich, o liebe Seele]]'' (Adorn yourself, O dear soul) in [[Leipzig]] on the 20th Sunday after [[Trinity Sunday|Trinity]], based on [[Schmücke dich, o liebe Seele|the communion hymn of the same name]].<ref>{{cite web
  | url = http://www.bach-digital.de/receive/BachDigitalWork_work_00000218?lang=en
  | title = Schmücke dich, o liebe Seele BWV 180; BC A 149
  | website = [[Bach Digital]]
  | date = 2024
  | access-date = 10 October 2024
  }}</ref>
* [[October 31]] &ndash; [[George Frideric Handel]]'s opera ''[[Tamerlano]]'' is performed for the first time, premiering in London. The opera will be revived as late as 2009.
* [[November 11]] &ndash; [[Joseph Blake (criminal)|Joseph Blake]] (alias "Blueskin"), English highwayman, is [[hanged]] in London.
* [[November 16]]
** Highwayman [[Jack Sheppard]] is hanged in London.<ref name=Sheppard>{{cite web |title=Jack Sheppard {{!}} English criminal |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jack-Sheppard-English-criminal |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=31 March 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
** [[Willem Mons]], lover of [[Catherine I of Russia]], is executed, and his head preserved in alcohol.
* [[November 19]] &ndash; The [[Dutch East India Company]] frigate ''Slot ter Hooge'' strikes rocks and sinks off [[Porto Santo Island]], [[Madeira]], with the loss of 221 of the 254 people on board.<ref>[https://maritiem-erfgoed.nl/artikelen/het-schip-slot-ter-hoge "Het schip Slot Ter Hoge"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107152820/https://maritiem-erfgoed.nl/artikelen/het-schip-slot-ter-hoge |date=November 7, 2020 }}, ''Maritiem Erfgoed''] (Dutch)</ref>
* [[December 2]] &ndash; The Metropolitan [[Mojsije Petrović]], leader of the Serbian Orthodox Church within the Habsburg monarchy, issues a 57-point decree to purge the church of the Turkish influence. 
* [[December 7]]
**In the aftermath of an attack against Jesuit Catholics led by the Lutheran Mayor of the Prussian City of [[Toruń|Thorn]] (modern-day [[Toruń]] in [[Poland]]), [[Tumult of Thorn (Toruń)|the execution of the 10 Lutheran officials]] (including Mayor [[Johann Gottfried Rösner]]) is carried out publicly in the town square.  Rösner and seven others are decapitated by an axe, while two others are [[hanged, drawn and quartered]] for blasphemy.
**By order of the Nizam, [[Hyderabad]] is made the permanent capital of the Indian princely state of the same name. It becomes capital of the Indian states of [[Telangana]] and [[Andhra Pradesh]]
* [[December 14]] &ndash; The [[Viceroy of Zhili|Viceroyalty of Zhili]] (modern-day [[Hebei]] province) is recreated in the Chinese Empire by the [[Yongzheng Emperor|Emperor Yongzheng]] for the first time in 55 years, with Li Weijun as the first Viceory. Zhili exists as a viceroyalty until the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1912.
* [[December 24]] &ndash; [[Francesco Valesio]] resumes writing his ''Diario di Roma'', 13 years after he ceased his recording of daily life in Rome.
* [[December 25]] &ndash; [[Johann Sebastian Bach|J. S. Bach]] leads the first performance of [[Gelobet seist du, Jesu Christ, BWV 91|''Gelobet seist du, Jesu Christ'', BWV 91]], in [[Leipzig]], based on Luther's 1524 [[Gelobet seist du, Jesu Christ|Christmas hymn]].<ref>{{cite web
  | url = https://www.bach-digital.de/receive/BachDigitalWork_work_00000115?lang=en
  | title = Gelobet seist du, Jesu Christ [later version] BWV 91.2; BWV 91; BC A 9b
  | website = [[Bach Digital]]
  | date = 2024
  | access-date = 13 December 2024
  }}</ref>

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Qing dynasty|China]] expels foreign missionaries.
* [[Blenheim Palace]] construction is completed in England. It is presented as a gift from the nation to the [[John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough|Duke of Marlborough]], for his involvement in the [[Battle of Blenheim]] in [[1704]].
* The [[Austrian Netherlands]] agree to the [[Pragmatic Sanction of 1713|Pragmatic Sanction]].
* Shah [[Mahmud Hotaki]] of [[Afghanistan]] goes insane.
* The [[Kaitokudō]] [[Academy school|academy merchant school]], part predecessor of [[Osaka University]] is founded in Japan.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Najita |first=Tetsuo |title=Visions of virtue in Tokugawa Japan : the Kaitokudō Merchant Academy of Osaka |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=1987 |location=Chicago}}</ref></onlyinclude>

== Births ==
[[File:Louise of Great Britain, Queen of Denmark and Norway.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Louise of Great Britain]]]]
* [[January 12]] &ndash; [[Frances Brooke]], English writer (d. [[1789]])
* [[February 16]] &ndash; [[Christopher Gadsden]], American statesman (d. [[1805]])
* [[February 28]] &ndash; [[George Townshend, 1st Marquess Townshend]], British field marshal (d. [[1807]])
* [[February 29]] &ndash; [[Eva Marie Veigel]], Austrian-born English ballet dancer, known as ''La Violette'' (d. [[1822]])
* [[March 1]] &ndash; [[Manuel do Cenáculo]], Portuguese prelate and antiquarian (d. [[1814]])<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.arqnet.pt/dicionario/vilasbcenaculo.html |title=Vilas Boas (D. frei Manuel do Cenáculo) |lang=pt |last=Torres |first=João Romano |website=Portugal - Dicionário Histórico, Corográfico, Heráldico, Biográfico, Bibliográfico, Numismático e Artístico, Volume VII |access-date=15 November 2020 }}</ref>
* [[March 6]] &ndash; [[Henry Laurens]], political leader during the [[American Revolutionary War]], father of [[John Laurens]] (d. [[1792]]) 
* [[March 27]] &ndash; [[Jane Colden]], American botanist (d. [[1766]]) 
* [[April 12]] &ndash; [[Lyman Hall]], American signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. [[1790]])
* [[April 22]] &ndash; [[Immanuel Kant]], German philosopher (d. [[1804]])
* [[May 7]] &ndash; [[Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser]], Alsatian-born Austrian general (d. [[1797]])
* [[May 19]] &ndash; [[Augustus Hervey, 3rd Earl of Bristol]], British admiral, politician (d. [[1779]])
* [[June 8]] &ndash; [[John Smeaton]], English civil engineer (d. [[1792]])
* [[June 15]] &ndash; [[Countess Palatine Maria Franziska of Sulzbach]], German aristocrat (d. [[1794]])
* [[July 2]] &ndash; [[Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock]], German poet (d. [[1803]])
* [[July 10]] &ndash; [[Eva Ekeblad]], Swedish scientist (d. [[1786]])
* [[August 3]] &ndash; [[Alvise Foscari]], Venetian admiral (d. [[1790]])<ref>{{DBI | last = Gullino | first = Giuseppe | title = FOSCARI, Alvise | volume = 49 | url = https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/alvise-foscari_res-5c3d91a5-87ed-11dc-8e9d-0016357eee51_%28Dizionario-Biografico%29/}}</ref>
* [[August 23]] &ndash; [[Abraham Yates]], American Continental Congressman (d. [[1796]])
* [[August 25]] &ndash; [[George Stubbs]], English painter (d. [[1806]])
* [[August 27]] &ndash; [[John Joachim Zubly]], Swiss-born Continental Congressman (d. [[1781]])
* [[September 3]] &ndash; [[Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester]], British soldier and Governor of Quebec (d. [[1808]])
* [[December 12]] &ndash; [[Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood]], British admiral (d. [[1816]])
* [[December 13]] &ndash; [[Franz Aepinus]], German scientist (d. [[1802]])
* [[December 18]] &ndash; [[Louise of Great Britain]], queen of [[Frederick V of Denmark]] (d. [[1751]])
* [[December 24]] &ndash; [[Johann Conrad Amman (1724–1811)|Johann Conrad Ammann]], Swiss physician,  naturalist (d. [[1811]])
* [[December 25]] &ndash; [[John Michell]], English scientist and geologist (d. [[1793]])
* [[December 28]] &ndash; [[Christoph Franz von Buseck]], Prince-Bishop of Bamberg (d. [[1805]])
* [[December 30]] &ndash; [[Louis-Jean-François Lagrenée]], French painter (d. [[1805]])
* ''Date unknown''
** [[Marie Anne Victoire Pigeon]], French mathematician (d. [[1767]])
** [[James MacLaine]], Irish highwayman (d. [[1750]])

== Deaths ==
[[File:InnocientXIII.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Pope Innocent XIII]]]]
[[File:Ludovico sabbatini.jpg|thumb|110px|Saint [[Ludovico Sabbatini]]]]
[[File:Jack Sheppard - Thornhill.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Jack Sheppard]]]]
* [[January 20]] &ndash; [[William Lowndes (British politician)|William Lowndes]], English politician (b. [[1652]])
* [[February 19]] &ndash; [[Pieter Schuyler]], British colonial military leader, acting governor of New York (b. [[1657]])
* [[March 4]] &ndash; [[Princess Eleonore Juliane of Brandenburg-Ansbach]], duchess by marriage of Württemberg-Winnental (b. [[1663]])
* [[March 7]] &ndash; [[Pope Innocent XIII]] (b. [[1655]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Innocent XIII {{!}} pope |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Innocent-XIII |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=13 May 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[March 10]] &ndash; [[Urban Hjärne]], Swedish chemist (b. [[1641]])
* [[March 15]] &ndash;  Regent [[Marie Jeanne Baptiste of Savoy-Nemours]] (b. [[1644]])
* [[March 19]] &ndash; [[Lewis Watson, 1st Earl of Rockingham]], English politician (b. [[1655]])
* [[March 31]] &ndash; [[Sophia of Saxe-Weissenfels, Princess of Anhalt-Zerbst]] (b. [[1654]])
* [[April 28]] &ndash; [[Streynsham Master]], English colonial administrator (b. [[1640]])
* [[May 3]] &ndash; [[John Leverett the Younger]], American President of Harvard (b. [[1662]])
* [[May 21]] &ndash; [[Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer]], English statesman (b. [[1661]])
* [[June]] &ndash; [[Magdelaine Chapelain]], French fortune teller and poisoner (b. [[1651]])
* [[June 11]] &ndash; [[Ludovico Sabbatini]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] priest and saint (b. [[1650]])
* [[June 15]] &ndash; [[Henry Sacheverell]], English churchman and politician (b. [[1674]])
* [[June 24]] &ndash; [[Johann Theile]], German composer and organist (b. [[1646]])
* [[July 1]] &ndash; [[Johann Homann]], German cartographer (b. [[1664]])
* [[July 2]] &ndash; [[Thomas Maule (Quaker)|Thomas Maule]], prominent Quaker in colonial Salem (b. [[1645]])
* [[July 13]] &ndash; [[Sir Richard Levinge, 1st Baronet]], British politician (b. [[1656]])
* [[July 31]] &ndash; [[Claude de Ramezay]], Canadian politician (b. [[1659]])
* [[August 2]] &ndash; [[Patrick Hume, 1st Earl of Marchmont]], Scottish statesman (b. [[1641]])
* [[August 6]] &ndash; [[Samson Wertheimer]], European rabbi (b. [[1658]])
* [[August 21]] &ndash; [[Noël Alexandre]], French theologian and ecclesiastical historian (b. [[1639]])
* [[August 24]] &ndash; [[Andreas Kneller]], German organist and composer (b. [[1649]])
* [[August 31]] &ndash; King [[Louis I of Spain]] (b. [[1707]])<ref name=Louis />
* [[October 2]] &ndash; [[François-Timoléon de Choisy]], French writer (b. [[1644]])
* [[October 18]] &ndash; [[Jean de Hautefeuille]], French cleric, scientist (b. [[1647]])
* [[October 29]] &ndash; [[William Wollaston]], English philosophical writer (b. [[1659]])<ref>{{cite ODNB|id=29841|first=B. W.|last=Young|title=Wollaston, William}}</ref>
* [[October 30]] &ndash; [[Marie of Lorraine]], French princess (b. [[1674]])
* [[November 7]] &ndash; [[John Kyrle]], British philanthropist (b. [[1637]])
* [[November 14]] &ndash; [[John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl]] (b. [[1660]])
* [[November 16]] &ndash; [[Jack Sheppard]], British criminal (executed) (b. [[1702]])<ref name=Sheppard />
* [[November 18]] &ndash; [[Bartolomeu de Gusmão]], Portuguese naturalist (b. [[1685]])
* [[November 24]] &ndash; [[Ernst Ludwig I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen]] (b. [[1672]])
* [[November 28]] &ndash; [[Robert Marsham, 1st Baron Romney]], British politician (b. [[1685]])
* [[December 27]] &ndash; [[Thomas Guy]], English philanthropist (b. [[1644]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Thomas Guy |url=http://www.tamworthheritagetrust.co.uk/thomas-guy |website=Tamworth Heritage Trust |access-date=31 March 2019}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1724}}
[[Category:1724| ]]
[[Category:Leap years in the Gregorian calendar]]