Editing 1670

{{about||the Polish television series|1670 (TV series)}}
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[[File:Claude Duval (painting).png|thumb|300px|right|[[January 21]]: [[Highwayman]] [[Claude Duval]] (pictured in William Powell Frith's [[Claude Duval (painting)|1860 painting]]), hanged in England.]]
{{C17 year in topic}}
{{Year article header|1670}}

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 17]] &ndash; [[Raphael Levy]], a Jewish resident of the city of [[Metz]] in [[France]], is burned at the stake after being accused of the September 25 abduction and ritual murder of a child who had disappeared from the village of [[Glatigny, Moselle|Glatigny]]. The prosecutor applies to King [[Louis XIV]] for an order expelling all 95 Jewish families from Metz, but the king refuses.
* [[January 27]] &ndash; The [[Islam|Muslim]] emperor [[Aurangzeb]] of the [[Mughal Empire]] in [[India]] issues an order for the destruction of all [[Hinduism|Hindu]] temples and schools in the empire, including the [[Krishna Janmasthan Temple Complex|Keshvadeva Temple]] in [[Mathura]]. 
* [[February 4]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Sinhagad]] takes place in [[India]] (in the modern-day [[Maharashtra]] state) as the [[Maratha Confederacy|Maratha Empire]] army, led by [[Tanaji Malusare]], leads an assault on the Kondhana Fortress that had been captured by the [[Mughal Empire]]. Tanaji, called "The Lion" by his followers, captures the fortress by guiding the successful scaling of the walls of the fortress with ladders created from rope, but is killed in the battle. The Maratha emperor [[Shivaji]] orders the fortress named [[Sinhagad]], the [[Marathi language]] words for "Lion's Fort". 
* [[February 9]] &ndash; [[Christian V of Denmark|Christian V]] becomes the [[Denmark-Norway|king of Denmark-Norway]] upon the death of his father, [[Frederick III of Denmark|Frederick III]].
* [[February 27]] &ndash; The royal wedding in Poland, between [[Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki|King Michal Wisniowiecki]] (who is also the [[Grand Duke of Lithuania]]) and [[Eleonore of Austria, Queen of Poland|Eleonore of Austria]] (daughter of the late [[Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor|Ferdinand III]], [[Holy Roman Emperor]]), with ceremonies taking place at the Denhoff Palace in [[Kruszyna, Silesian Voivodeship|Kruszyna]].
* [[March 7]] &ndash; [[Oliver Plunkett]], the Roman Catholic [[Archbishop of Armagh]] since 1669, is allowed to return to [[Ireland]] for the first time in more than 22 years, after a new policy of tolerance of Catholicism is enacted in England. Plunkett had departed for Rome in 1647 during the [[Cromwellian conquest of Ireland]]. Executed in 1681 on false charges of plotting an invasion of Ireland, Plunkett is canonized as a saint of the Roman Catholic Church in 1975.
* [[March 15]] &ndash; The first English settlers arrive at the modern-day U.S. state of [[South Carolina]], at this time the Province of Clarendon carved out of the [[Province of Carolina]], and construct a settlement at Albemarle Point on the [[Ashley River]].<ref>"'Shaftesbury's Darling': British Settlement in the Carolinas at the Close of the Seventeenth Century", by Robert M. Weir, in ''The Oxford History of the British Empire, Volume I: The Origins of Empire'' (Oxford University Press, 1998) p. 380</ref>
* [[March 18]] &ndash; [[Petar Zrinski]], the [[Ban of Croatia|Viceroy of Croatia]] within the [[Holy Roman Empire]], issues a proclamation urging Croatians to rebel against the Habsburg rulers.<ref>Marcus Tanner, ''Croatia: A Nation Forged in War'' (Yale University Press, 2010)</ref> The uprising fails and Zrinski and his brother-in-law, Krsto Frankopan, are quickly arrested. Both are beheaded in Vienna on April 30, 1671.
* [[March 31]] &ndash; The British warship [[HMS Sapphire (1660)|HMS ''Sapphire'']] is wrecked beyond repair when her captain, John Pearce, orders the ship to be run aground at Sicily while fleeing what he believes to be four Algerian pirate ships, rather than attempting to fight. The ships turn out to have been friendly, and Pearce and his lieutenant, Andrew Logan, are court-martialed for their cowardice and executed on September 17.<ref>William Laird Clowes, The Royal Navy, A History from the Earliest Times to 1900 (Sampson, Low, Marston and Company Ltd., 1898) pp. 439-440</ref>

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 18]] &ndash; King Christian V of Denmark fires [[Christoffer Gabel]], who had been the corrupt chief adviser to King Frederick III, and replaces him with [[Peder Griffenfeld]].
* [[April 29]] &ndash; After more than four months, the [[1669–1670 papal conclave|papal conclave]] to elect a successor to the late [[Pope Clement IX]] selects Cardinal Emilio Albieri with 56 of the 59 votes. Altieri, 79 years old at the time, remains the oldest person ever to be elected pope.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160604212902/http://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/feb/13/popes-full-list "Every Pope ever: the full list"], ''The Guardian'' (London), February 13, 2013</ref> He announces that he will take the name of [[Pope Clement X]] in honor of Clement IX, who had made him a cardinal. He serves for six years until his death in 1676 shortly after his 86th birthday.<ref>{{cite book|author=Rudolf Wittkower|title=Gian Lorenzo Bernini: The Sculptor of the Roman Baroque|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CYZKAQAAIAAJ|year=1981|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=978-0-8014-1430-5|page=257}}</ref>
* [[May 2]] &ndash; The [[Hudson's Bay Company]] is granted a royal charter in England with the jurisdiction to control administration and commerce in "[[Rupert's Land]]", governed for the crown by [[Prince Rupert of the Rhine|Rupert, Duke of Cumberland]], the cousin of King Charles II. The land is a 1.5 million square mile area of what is now [[Canada]] around [[Hudson Bay]]. The area controlled covers all of the modern province of [[Manitoba]], most of [[Saskatchewan]], and significant portions of [[Alberta]] and [[Nunavut]], as well as parts of what are now [[Ontario]] and [[Quebec]], and parts of the U.S. states of [[Minnesota]], [[North Dakota]] and [[Montana]].
* [[May 23]] &ndash; [[Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany|Cosimo III de' Medici]] becomes the [[Grand Duke of Tuscany]], at the time an independent nation in Italy, upon the death of his father [[Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Prince of Tuscany|Ferdinando de' Medici]].
* [[June 1]] &ndash; At [[Dover]], England, [[Charles II of England]] and [[Louis XIV of France]] sign the [[Secret Treaty of Dover]], ending hostilities between their kingdoms. Louis will give Charles 200,000 pounds annually. In return Charles will relax the laws against Catholics, gradually re-Catholicize England, support French policy against the [[Dutch Republic]] (leading England into the [[Third Anglo-Dutch War]]), and convert to Catholicism himself. The treaty is ratified three days later. The terms will not become public until the early 19th century.<ref>In [[John Lingard]]'s ''History of England''.</ref> Louis is represented in the negotiations by Charles' sister [[Henrietta of England|Princess Henrietta, Duchess of Orléans]], who dies suddenly soon after returning to France.
* [[June 9]] &ndash; Taking advantage of a [[monsoon]], the [[Maratha (caste)|Maratha]] Empire's [[Shivaji]] orders an attack on areas that had been turned over to the Mughal Empire and its emperor [[Aurangazeb]] in 1665. Within 15 days, the cities of Pune, Baramati, Supi and Indapur, along with the [[Rohida fort]], are recaptured by the Maratha Army.
* [[June 10]] &ndash; King Louis XIV of France issues an ordinance prohibiting the French colonies in the Americas from trading with any other nation except France.<ref>Isidore Guët, ''Origines de la Martinique. Le colonel François de Collart et la Martinique de son temps; colonisation, sièges, révoltes et combats de 1625 à 1720'' (Lafoye, 1893) p. 148</ref>
* [[June 15]] &ndash; The first stone of [[Fort Ricasoli]] is laid down in Malta.<ref>{{cite book|title=Studi magrebini|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5tpwAAAAMAAJ|year=1989|publisher=Istituto Universitario Orientale|page=98}}</ref>

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 11]] &ndash; Representatives of [[England]] (led by [[Charles II of England|King Charles II]]) and [[Denmark]] (led by [[Christian V of Denmark|King Christian V]]) sign a treaty of alliance and commerce, the [[Treaty of Copenhagen (1670)|Treaty of Copenhagen]]. 
* [[July 18]] (July 8, O.S.) &ndash; The [[Treaty of Madrid (1670)|Treaty of Madrid]], also known as the Godolphin Treaty, is signed between [[England]] and [[Spain]] to formally end hostilities left over from the [[Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660)|Anglo-Spanish War]], in the Caribbean, that ended ten years earlier. For the first time, Spain acknowledges that it is not entitled to all territory in the Americas west of Brazil, as provided by the [[1493]] line of demarcation decreed by [[Pope Alexander VI]], and by the [[1494]] [[Treaty of Tordesillas]] between Spain and Portugal. Spain acknowledges that [[Jamaica]] and the [[Cayman Islands]] are English possessions.
* [[August 17]] &ndash; A joint fleet of warships from England (commanded by Commodore Richard Beach on HMS ''Hampshire'') and from the Dutch Republic (led by Admiral Willem Joseph van Ghent on ''Spiegel'') rescue 250 Christian slaves and then sink six [[Barbary pirates|Algerian]] pirate ships in a battle in the Mediterranean Sea off of the coast of [[Morocco]] at [[Cape Spartel]].<ref>[https://www.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/rmgc-object-11790 "Beach and Van Ghent destroy six Barbary ships near Cape Spartel, Morocco, 17 August 1670"], Royal Museums Greenwich</ref>
* [[August 26]] &ndash; The Parliament of France enacts a uniform criminal code for the nation with the passage of the [[Criminal Ordinance of 1670]], which takes effect on January 1. The code remains in force until October 9, 1789, when it is abrogated during the [[French Revolution]].  
* mid-[[August]] &ndash; Three Spanish frigates from Spanish Florida, sailing from St. Augustine and under the command of Juan Menendez Marques, arrive at [[Charleston, South Carolina|Charleston]] harbor, preparing to attack the English settlement in South Carolina. The English settlers have been warned in advance by Indians who had found out about the invasion. Because of a storm, and the English preparations for a siege, Captain Menendez abandons the colony without attempting an attack.<ref>"Intercolonial Friction (1660-1700)", in ''Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the New World, 1492 to the Present'', ed. by David Marley (ABC-CLIO, 1998) p. 173</ref>
* [[September 5]] &ndash; [[William Penn]] and [[William Mead (merchant)|William Mead]] are found not guilty of violating the [[Conventicles Act 1670]], after a five day jury trial in London. The two had been arrested on August 14 in front of a meeting house [[Gracechurch Street]] after preaching a Quaker sermon outside following a ban on preaching indoors. The defiance by the jury leads to the landmark English decision in [[Bushel's Case]].

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 3]] &ndash; In India, [[Chhatrapati]] [[Shivaji]] maharaj, the ruler of the [[Maratha Empire]], leads an attack on the British settlement at [[Surat]] near [[Bombay]]. British Governor [[Gerald Aungier]] secures the British fortress at Surat and saves the lives and property of British citizens. 
* [[October 14]] &ndash; ''[[Le Bourgeois gentilhomme]]'', a five-act comedy and ballet authored by [[Molière]], is given its first performance, presented before King [[Louis XIV]] at the [[Château de Chambord]]. Public performances begin on November 23 at the [[Théâtre du Palais-Royal (rue Saint-Honoré)|Théâtre du Palais-Royal]] in [[Paris]].
* [[October 18]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Kitombo]] takes place in southwest Africa in [[Angola]], when colonial soldiers of the [[Army of Portugal]] invade Soyo, an independent [[Kongo people|BaKongo]] kingdom, with the intent of annexing it to Portuguese West Africa.<ref>David Birmingham, ''Portugal and Africa'' (Palgrave Macmillan, 1999) p. 61</ref> The 400 Portuguese troops, led by João Soares de Almeida, encounter a stiff resistance. Soyo's Estevao da Silva, whose army has the benefit of weapons supplied by the Dutch Republic, is joined in battle by troops from the neighboring [[Ngoyo|Kingdom of Ngoyo]] on the other side of the [[Congo River]]. General Soares de Almeida is killed, and most of his troops die or are captured; Soyo's General da Silva is killed in the process of winning the battle. Because of the defeat, Portugal makes no further attempt to conquer Soyo or Ngoyo.
* [[November 24]] &ndash; [[Louis XIV of France]] inaugurates the construction of ''[[Les Invalides]]'', a veterans' hospital in [[Paris]].
* [[December 15]] &ndash; [[Henry Morgan]], a [[Wales|Welsh]] [[privateer]] in English service, recaptures [[Santa Catalina Island, Colombia]].
* [[December 27]] &ndash; Henry Morgan captures [[Fort San Lorenzo]], on [[Panama]]'s Caribbean coast.
* [[December 31]] &ndash; The expedition of [[John Narborough]] leaves [[Corral Bay]] having surveyed the coast and lost four hostages to the Spanish.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Urbina C. |first1=María Ximena |author-link=Ximena Urbina |date=2017 |title=La expedición de John Narborough a Chile, 1670: Defensa de Valdivia, rumeros de indios, informaciones de los prisioneros y la creencia en la Ciudad de los Césares |trans-title=John Narborough expedition to Chile, 1670: Defense of Valdivia, indian rumours, information on prisoners, and the belief in the City of the Césares |url=https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-22442017000200011&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=es |journal=[[Magallania]] |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=11–36 |doi=10.4067/S0718-22442017000200011 |access-date=December 27, 2019 |doi-access=free |archive-date=May 16, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200516145116/https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-22442017000200011&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=es |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Stenka Razin]] begins the rebellion of [[Cossacks]] in Russia.
* Niani, capital of the [[Mali Empire]], is sacked by the [[Bambara people]] of the emerging Segou Empire.
* The first French settlers arrive on the [[Petite Côte]] of modern-day [[Senegal]].</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
[[File:Aŭgust Mocny. Аўгуст Моцны (H. Rodakowski, XIX).jpg|110px|thumbnail|right|[[Augustus II the Strong]]]]
* [[January 24]] &ndash; [[William Congreve]], English playwright (d. [[1729]])<ref>{{cite book|author=David Thomas|title=William Congreve|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CkldDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA2|date=30 September 1992|publisher=Macmillan International Higher Education|isbn=978-1-349-22322-0|pages=2}}{{Dead link|date=June 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
* [[February 25]] &ndash; [[Maria Margarethe Kirch]], German astronomer (d. [[1720]])
* [[February 28]] &ndash; [[Benjamin Wadsworth (clergyman)|Benjamin Wadsworth]], American president of Harvard University (d. [[1737]])
* [[May 8]] &ndash; [[Charles Beauclerk, 1st Duke of St Albans]], English soldier (d. [[1726]])
* [[May 12]] &ndash; King [[Frederick Augustus I of Poland]] (d. [[1733]])
* [[June 22]] &ndash; [[Eva von Buttlar]], [[German mystic]] sectarian (d. [[1721]]) 
* [[July 18]] &ndash; [[Giovanni Bononcini]], Italian composer (d. [[1747]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Philip H. Highfill|author2=Kalman A. Burnim|author3=Edward A. Langhans|title=A Biographical Dictionary of Actors, Actresses, Musicians, Dancers, Managers and Other Stage Personnel in London, 1660-1800|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cS6x-tsbNZEC&pg=PA207|year=1973|publisher=SIU Press|isbn=978-0-8093-0518-6|pages=207}}</ref>
* [[July 19]] &ndash; [[Richard Leveridge]], English bass player and composer (d. [[1758]])
* [[August 21]] &ndash; [[James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick]], French military commander (d. [[1734]])
* [[November 15]] &ndash; [[Bernard Mandeville]], Dutch-born economic philosopher (d. [[1733]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Bernard Mandeville|title=The Fable of the Bees|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9XcTmzPuCCYC&pg=PT3|year=2012|publisher=Jazzybee Verlag|isbn=978-3-8496-1900-8|pages=3|edition=Annotated}}</ref>
* [[December 4]] &ndash; [[John Aislabie]], English politician, director of the South Sea Company (d. [[1742]])
* ''date unknown'' &ndash; Sultan Abdullah Khan Abdali, Persian Governor of Herat, Shah of Herat (d. [[1721]])

== Deaths ==
[[File:Jacob Westerbaen.jpg|110px|thumbnail|right|[[Jacob Westerbaen]]]]
* [[January 3]] &ndash; [[George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle]], English soldier (b. [[1608]])
* [[January 6]] 
** [[Sir Gilbert Gerard, 1st Baronet of Harrow on the Hill]], English politician (b. [[1587]])
** [[Charles of Sezze]], Italian Franciscan friar and saint (b. [[1613]])
* [[January 21]] 
** [[Claude Duval]], French-born [[highwayman]]<ref>{{cite book|title=The Solicitors' Journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5ixKAQAAIAAJ|year=1941|publisher=The Journal|page=43}}</ref> (b. [[1643]])
** [[Honorat de Bueil, seigneur de Racan]], French aristocrat (b. [[1589]])
* [[January 25]] &ndash; [[Nicholas Francis, Duke of Lorraine]] (b. [[1609]])
* [[February 9]] &ndash; King [[Frederick III of Denmark]] (b. [[1609]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Jack Babuscio|author2=Richard Minta Dunn|title=European Political Facts, 1648-1789|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=omuHAAAAMAAJ|date=28 November 1984|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK|isbn=978-0-333-32111-9|page=41}}</ref>
* [[February 12]] &ndash; [[Niklaus Dachselhofer]], Swiss politician (b. [[1595]])
* [[February 17]] &ndash; [[Elizabeth Barnard]], granddaughter of William Shakespeare (b. [[1608]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Samuel Schoenbaum|author2=Distinguished Professor of Renaissance Literature and Director Center for Renaissance and Baroque Studies S Schoenbaum|title=William Shakespeare: A Compact Documentary Life|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-6VS_J9lVlYC&pg=PA319|year=1987|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-505161-2|pages=319}}</ref>
* [[March 1]] &ndash; [[Giovanna Maria Bonomo]], beatified Italian Catholic nun (b. [[1606]])
* [[March 2]] &ndash; [[François-Henri Salomon de Virelade]], French lawyer (b. [[1620]])
* [[March 10]] 
** [[Johann Glauber]], German chemist (b. [[1604]])
** [[Ludovicus a S. Carolo]], French monk (b. [[1608]])
* [[March 15]] &ndash; [[John Davenport (clergyman)|John Davenport]], Connecticut pioneer (b. [[1597]])
* [[April]] &ndash; [[Ahom Dynasty|Ahom]] King Swargadeo [[Chakradhwaj Singha]] or [[Supangmung]] of [[Assam]], India
* [[April 5]] &ndash; [[Leonora Baroni]], Italian singer (b. [[1611]])
* [[April 12]] &ndash; [[George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg]] (b. [[1582]])
* [[April 23]] &ndash; [[Loreto Vittori]], Italian singer and composer (b. [[1600]])
* [[May 10]] &ndash; [[Claude Vignon]], French painter (b. [[1593]])
* [[May 21]]
** [[Niccolò Zucchi]], Italian astronomer and physicist (b. [[1586]])
** [[Giovanni Andrea Sirani]], Italian painter (b. [[1610]])
* [[May 19]] &ndash; [[Ferdinando Ughelli]], Italian Cistercian monk, church historian (b. [[1595]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Joseph Timothy Haydn|title=Haydn's Universal Index of Biography from the Creation to the Present Time: For the Use of the Statesman, the Historian, and the Journalist|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j_RJAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA546|year=1870|publisher=Moxon|pages=546}}</ref>
* [[May 23]] &ndash; [[Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany]] (b. [[1610]])
* [[May 31]] &ndash; [[Josceline Percy, 11th Earl of Northumberland]], English noble (b. [[1644]])
* [[June 12]] &ndash; [[Hasanuddin of Gowa]], 16th Ruler of the [[Sultanate of Gowa]] (b. [[1631]])
* [[June 25]] &ndash; [[Lorens von der Linde]], Swedish field marshal (b. [[1610]])
* [[June 27]] &ndash; [[Thomas Bennet (lawyer)|Thomas Bennet]], English civil lawyer (b. [[1592]])
* [[June 28]] &ndash; [[Hendrik Martenszoon Sorgh]], Dutch painter (b. [[1610]])
* [[June 30]] 
** [[Henrietta of England|Henrietta, Duchess of Orléans]], English and French princess (b. [[1644]])
** [[Frederick, Prince of Anhalt-Harzgerode]] (b. [[1613]])
* [[July 16]] &ndash; [[Abraham Diepraam]], Dutch painter (b. [[1622]])
* [[August 24]] &ndash; [[William Neile]], English mathematician and founder member of the Royal Society (b. [[1637]])
* [[September 11]] &ndash; [[Jeanne Chezard de Matel]], French mystic (b. [[1596]])
* [[September 16]] &ndash; [[William Penn (Royal Navy officer)|William Penn]], English admiral and politician (b. [[1621]])
* [[September 26]] &ndash; [[Abraham Teniers]], Flemish painter (b. [[1629]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Académie royale des sciences, des lettres et des beaux-arts de Belgique|title=Biographie nationale|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2J0YAAAAIAAJ|year=1929|publisher=H. Thiry-Van Buggenhoudt|page=673|language=fr}}</ref>
* [[September 28]] &ndash; [[Alexander Morus]], Franco-Scottish Calvinist preacher (b. [[1616]])
* [[August 10]] &ndash; [[Richard Ottley]], English politician (b. [[1626]])
* [[October 3]] &ndash; [[Sir Henry Yelverton, 2nd Baronet]], English Member of Parliament (b. [[1633]])
* [[October 27]] &ndash; [[Vavasor Powell]], Welsh non-conformist leader (b. [[1617]])<ref>{{Cite ODNB|id=22662|title=Powell, Vavasor (1617–1670)|author=Stephen K. Roberts}} This notes that there is no written record of his attending Jesus College.</ref>
* [[November 8]] &ndash; [[Emmanuel, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen]], German prince of the House of Ascania (b. [[1631]])
* [[November 15]] &ndash; [[Comenius]], Czech writer (b. [[1592]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Bo Andersson|author2=Lucinda Martin|author3=Leigh Penman|author4=Andrew Weeks|title=Jacob Böhme and His World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3KSODwAAQBAJ&pg=PA357|date=13 November 2018|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-38509-2|pages=357}}</ref>
* [[November 21]] &ndash; [[William VII, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel]] (b. [[1651]])
* [[November 22]] &ndash; [[Landgravine Sophie of Hesse-Kassel]], Countess of Schaumburg-Lippe (b. [[1615]])
* [[December 4]] &ndash; [[Emilie of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst]], Regent of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (1646–1662) (b. [[1614]])
* ''date unknown'' &ndash; [[Alena Arzamasskaia]], Russian rebel leader (b. year unknown)

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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