Editing 1542

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{About year|1542}}
{{Year nav|1542}}
[[File:The landing of Cabrillo on California (detail from mural by Daniel Sayre Groesbeck at the Santa Barbara County Courthouse).tif|300px|thumb|[[September 28]] &ndash; [[Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo]] claims California for the Spanish Empire.]]
{{C16 year in topic}}
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Year '''1542''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDXLII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Sunday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 6]] &ndash; In the [[Yucatan]] peninsula in Mexico, the Spanish colonists create the new town of [[Mérida, Yucatán|Mérida]].  
* [[January 16]] &ndash; The 8th Parliament of Henry VIII assembles at Westminster after having been summoned on November 23. 
* [[January 20]] &ndash; The first legislature for the [[Voivode of Transylvania]] meets at [[Târgu Mureș|Vásárhely]] in the Kingdom of Hungary (now Târgu Mureș in [[Romania]]).
* [[January 23]] &ndash; [[Tutul-Xiu]], the [[Maya people|Mayan]] ruler of the [[Maní, Yucatán|Maní]] in Yucatán, arrives at the Spanish settlement of Merida with food supplies for the colonists and offers to assist the Spaniards in their conquest of Yucatan in return for being installed as the leading Mayan ruler in Mexico.<ref>{{Cite book |author=Sharer, Robert J. |author-link=Robert Sharer |author2=Loa P. Traxler |year=2006 |title=The Ancient Maya |edition=6th (fully revised) |location=Stanford, California |publisher=Stanford University Press |page=771 |isbn=0-8047-4817-9 |oclc=57577446 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/ancientmaya0006shar }}</ref> 
* [[February 2]] &ndash; [[Battle of Baçente]]: The [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] under [[Cristóvão da Gama]] capture a [[Adal Sultanate|Muslim]]-occupied hillfort in northern [[Ethiopia]].
* [[February 13]] &ndash; [[Catherine Howard]], until recently the [[Queen consort of England]] and the wife of King Henry VIII, is executed by beheading, two days after the King gives [[royal assent]] to a [[bill of attainder]] passed by the English Parliament on February 7.<ref>{{cite book |last=Weir |first=Alison |title=The Six Wives of Henry VIII |publisher=Grove Press |date=1991 |page= 481 |isbn=0-8021-3683-4 |location=New York |author-link=Alison Weir (historian)}}</ref> Catherine had been arrested in November on accusations that she had sexual relations with [[Thomas Culpeper]].
* [[February 14]] &ndash; [[Guadalajara]], Mexico, is founded by the [[Spanish Empire|Spaniards]] after three previous attempts failed, due to aggressive opposition from local tribes.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Sarah Cameron|author2=Ben Box|title=Mexico & Central America Handbook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=toUJO1eAAAoC|year=1999|publisher=Footprint Handbooks|isbn=978-0-8442-4838-7|page=211}}</ref>
* [[February 15]] &ndash; [[Antoine Escalin des Aimars]] of France completes the negotiation with the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman for the [[Franco-Ottoman alliance]].<ref>Edith Garnier, ''L'Alliance Impie'' (Editions du Felin, 2008) p.211</ref>
* [[March 8]] &ndash; [[Antoine Escalin des Eymars]], the French ambassador, returns from [[Constantinople]], with promises of Ottoman aid in a war against [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Setton |first1=Kenneth Meyer |title=The Papacy and the Levant, 1204-1571 |date=1976 |publisher=American Philosophical Society |isbn=978-0-87169-161-3 |page=461 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EgQNAAAAIAAJ&q=%228+march%22&pg=PA461 |access-date=18 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 1]] &ndash; As the 1542 session of the English Parliament ends, King Henry VIII gives [[royal assent]] to numerous laws, including the [[Witchcraft Act 1541|Witchcraft Act]], the [[Treason Act 1541|Treason Act]], and the [[Leases by Corporations Act 1541|Leases by Corporations Act]].
* [[April 4]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Jarte]] begins in [[Ethiopia]] as the Army of the [[Portuguese Empire]], commanded by [[Cristóvão da Gama]] encounters the army of the Ethiopian ruler, the Imam [[Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi]], achieving a victory on April 16.
* [[May 19]] &ndash; The [[Prome Kingdom]], in modern-day central [[Burma]], is conquered by the [[Taungoo Dynasty]].
* [[June 18]] &ndash; The [[Parliament of Ireland]] passes the [[Crown of Ireland Act 1542|Crown of Ireland Act]], which dissolves the title of [[Lord of Ireland]] and reestablishes it to the [[Kingdom of Ireland]], with its last Lord, [[Henry VIII|Henry VIII of England]], becoming its first king.
* [[June 27]] &ndash; [[Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo]] sets sail to explore the northwest of the Pacific Ocean.<ref name="cali">{{cite book |last1=Watkins |first1=Rolin C. |title=History of Monterey and Santa Cruz Counties, California |date=1925 |publisher=S.J. Clarke |page=61 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jjkLAQAAIAAJ&dq=Juan+Rodr%C3%ADguez+Cabrillo+california+island+%22june+27+1542%22&pg=PA61 |access-date=18 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 21]] &ndash; [[Pope Paul III]] establishes the [[Holy Office]] with the bull ''Licet ab initio'', with jurisdiction over the [[Roman Inquisition]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Aron-Beller |first1=Katherine |last2=Black |first2=Christopher |title=The Roman Inquisition: Centre versus Peripheries |date=22 January 2018 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-36108-9 |page=2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sMZKDwAAQBAJ&dq=holy+office+paul+iii+roman+%2221+july+1542%22&pg=PA2 |access-date=18 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=A Companion to Heresy Inquisitions |date=27 March 2019 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-39387-5 |page=250 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2MqiDwAAQBAJ&dq=holy+office+paul+iii+roman+%2221+july+1542%22&pg=PA250 |access-date=18 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[July 23]] &ndash; (10th day of 6th month of [[Tenbun]] 11) In [[Japan]], a six-year rebellion within the [[Date clan]] when clan leader [[Date Tanemune]], returning home from a day of [[falconry]], is attacked by his oldest son, [[Date Harumune]], and imprisoned at [[Kōri-Nishiyama Castle]] in [[Fukushima Prefecture]]. Tanemune is rescued by an aide, Koyanagigawa Munetomo, and escapes. The war lasts for six years before Harumune triumphs and becomes the new leader of the Date clan.<ref>Shin Hasegawa, "The Echigo Tenbun Rebellion and Date Tanemune - The Warring States Period Powers in the Southern Ou Region Concerning the Issue of Date Tokimunemaru's Succession." / First published in Kokushigaku, No. 161, 1995</ref>
* [[July 24]] &ndash; [[Guelders Wars]]: [[Maarten van Rossum]] leaves [[Antwerp]], having failed to take it by siege.
* [[August 24]] &ndash; [[Battle of Haddon Rig]]: [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]] defeats [[Kingdom of England|England]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Stedall |first1=Robert |title=The Challenge to the Crown: Volume I: The Struggle for Influence in the Reign of Mary Queen of Scots 1542-1567 |date=26 July 2012 |publisher=Book Guild Publishing |isbn=978-1-84624-646-3 |page=18 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d3kcAwAAQBAJ&dq=Battle+of+Haddon+Rig+%2224+august+1542%22&pg=PA18 |access-date=18 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[August 27]] &ndash; Citizens of [[Hildesheim]] in the [[Holy Roman Empire]] profess themselves to the Lutheran teachings, thus joining the [[Schmalkaldic League]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Saak |first1=Eric Leland |title=Luther and the Reformation of the Later Middle Ages |date=19 April 2017 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-107-18722-1 |page=359 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WdAoDwAAQBAJ&dq=Hildesheim+lutheran+27+august+1542&pg=PA359 |access-date=18 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref> As a pledge owner, the city provides for the carrying out of the [[Protestant Reformation]] in the city and [[Peine]]. Priests from the localities of Clauen, [[Hohenhameln]], [[Soßmar]], Schmedenstedt, [[Lengede]] and Rosenthal resume their offices in the interest of the Reformation.
* [[August 28]] &ndash; [[Battle of Wofla]] in [[Ethiopia]]: Reinforced with at least 2900 arquebusiers and cavalry, the [[Imam]] [[Ahmad Gragn]] attacks the [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] camp. The Portuguese are scattered; [[Cristóvão da Gama]] is captured and executed.<ref>{{cite book |title=Early Modern Wars 1500–1775 |date=17 September 2013 |publisher=Amber Books Ltd |isbn=978-1-78274-121-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k_GxAgAAQBAJ&dq=Wofla+1542&pg=PT59 |access-date=18 September 2023 |language=en|quote=Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi's men were reinforced by 2900 arquebusiers (2000 from Arabia plus 900 regular Ottoman infantry) and a handful of Ottoman cavalry. Although da Gama managed to escape with a few survivors, he was quickly captured and killed.}}</ref>
* [[September 4]] &ndash; The earliest recorded [[Preston Guild]] Court is held in [[Lancashire]], England, in the modern sequence, which lasts unbroken until [[1922]].
* [[September 28]] &ndash; [[Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo]] lands in what is now [[San Diego Bay]], and names it "San Miguel", claiming it for the Spanish Empire. San Miguel will later become the city of [[San Diego]].<ref name="cali" /> This marks the first time a European sees what is now the U.S. state of [[California]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cleland |first1=Robert Glass |title=From Wilderness to Empire: A History of California |date=1959 |publisher=Knopf |page=7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=awEVAAAAYAAJ&q=%22first%20european%22 |access-date=18 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 7]] &ndash; Cabrillo becomes the first European to set foot on California's [[Santa Catalina Island, California|Santa Catalina Island]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Marz |first1=John George |title=Santa Catalina Island: A Case Study in Recreational Geography |date=1972 |publisher=University of California, Davis |page=34 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PuAYA73ufX0C&q=%22october%207%201542%22 |access-date=18 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[November 9]] &ndash; King [[James V of Scotland]] writes a letter to [[Pope Paul III]] and notes that he defied Henry VIII's attempts to convert him to the [[Protestantism|Protestant faith]].<ref>[[Denys Hay]], ''Letters of James V'' (Edinburgh, 1954), p. 444.</ref> 
* [[November 24]] &ndash; [[Battle of Solway Moss]]: An [[Kingdom of England|English]] army invades [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]], and defeats a Scottish army.<ref>{{cite book|author=Scottish History Society|title=Publications of the Scottish History Society|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LgYdAAAAMAAJ|year=1938|publisher=T. and A. Constable|page=188}}</ref>
* [[November 27]] &ndash; [[Palace plot of Renyin year]]: A group of [[Ming dynasty]] [[lady-in-waiting|palace women]] fail to murder the [[Jiajing Emperor]], and are executed by [[Lingchi|slow-slicing]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Barmé |first1=Geremie |title=The Forbidden City |date=2008 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-02779-4 |pages=40–42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gniwsTYXFeoC&q=%2227+november%22&pg=PR7 |access-date=18 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[December 14]] &ndash; [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], aged six days, becomes [[queen regnant]] on the death of her father, [[James V of Scotland]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Wormald |first1=Jenny |title=Mary, Queen of Scots |date=17 August 2017 |publisher=Casemate Publishers |isbn=978-0-85790-350-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YNAcEAAAQBAJ&q=%2214+december%22 |access-date=18 September 2023 |language=en|quote=On 14 December 1542, James V died in his splendid royal bedchamber at Falkland, the beauty he himself had created no longer enough to pierce the malaise of his profound melancholy. His sole surviving child, Mary, succeeded to the throne.}}</ref>

=== Date unknown ===
* The first contact of [[Japan]] with the West occurs when a [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] ship, blown off its course to China, lands Antonio Pexoto, Francisco Zeimoto and [[António Mota]] in Japan, according to [[António Galvão]].<ref name="ppt">{{cite book |last1=Lidin |first1=Olof G. |title=Tanegashima: The Arrival of Europe in Japan |date=2002 |publisher=Nias Press |pages=8, 24–27 |url=https://archive.org/details/tanegashima-europe/page/18/mode/2up?q=1542 |access-date=18 September 2023}}</ref> According to the Japanese books ''Tanegashima Kafu'' and ''Teppoki'', it is stated they landed in 1543.<ref name="ppt" />
* [[Bartolomé de las Casas]] completes ''[[A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies]]'', which will be published in [[1552]].<ref name="WDL">{{cite web |url = http://www.wdl.org/en/item/515/ |title = Mirror of the Cruel and Horrible Spanish Tyranny Perpetrated in the Netherlands, by the Tyrant, the Duke of Alba, and Other Commanders of King Philip II |website = [[World Digital Library]] |date = 1620 |access-date = 2013-08-25 }}</ref></onlyinclude>

== Births ==
[[File:Isabella de' Medici, by Alessandro Allori.jpg|110px|thumbnail|right|[[Isabella de' Medici]]]]
[[File:Henriette de Nevers.jpg|110px|thumbnail|right|[[Henriette of Cleves]]]]
* [[February 1]] &ndash; [[John Scudamore (courtier)|John Scudamore]], English politician (d. [[1623]])<ref>{{cite ODNB |title=Scudamore family |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-71878|year=2004 |access-date=19 September 2023 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/71878}}</ref>
* [[February 22]] &ndash; [[Santino Garsi da Parma]], Italian musician (d. [[1604]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Testi |first1=Flavio |title=La musica italiana nel Medioevo e nel Rinascimento |date=1969 |publisher=Bramante |page=617 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gA06AAAAIAAJ&q=Santino+Garsi+da+Parma+%2222+febbraio+1542%22 |access-date=19 September 2023 |language=it}}</ref>
* [[March 19]] &ndash; [[Jan Zamoyski]], Polish nobleman (d. [[1605]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Podhorodecki |first1=Leszek |title=Hetman Jan Zamoyski, 1542-1605 |date=1971 |publisher=Wydawnictwo Minister. obrony narodowej |page=161 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lA9JAAAAIAAJ&q=%2219%20marca%201542%22 |access-date=19 September 2023 |language=pl}}</ref>
* [[April 29]] &ndash; [[Henry III, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels]] (d. [[1587]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Allgemeine Encyklopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste in alphabetischer Folge |date=1832 |publisher=Gleditsch |page=408 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=StRl8CGaBD8C&dq=Heinrich+III+%2229+april+1542%22&pg=PA403 |access-date=19 September 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[May 5]] &ndash; [[Thomas Cecil, 1st Earl of Exeter]], English politician (d. [[1623]])<ref>{{cite web |title=CECIL, Thomas (1542-1623) |url=https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1558-1603/member/cecil-thomas-1542-1623#:~:text=Cecil%20was%20knight%20of%20the%20shire%20for%20Lincolnshire,concerning%20Westminster%20%2815%20Dec.%29%20and%20grain%20%2819%20Dec%29.https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1558-1603/member/cecil-thomas-1542-1623#:~:text=Cecil%20was%20knight%20of%20the%20shire%20for%20Lincolnshire,concerning%20Westminster%20%2815%20Dec.%29%20and%20grain%20%2819%20Dec%29. |website=www.historyofparliamentonline.org |access-date=19 September 2023}}</ref>
* [[May 11]] &ndash; [[Jakob Christoph Blarer von Wartensee]], Swiss Catholic bishop (d. [[1608]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Schmidlin |first1=Ludwig Rochus |title=Solothurns Glaubenskampf und Reformation im 16. Jahrhundert |date=1904 |publisher=Buchdruckerei C. Gassmann |page=373 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FzkwAAAAYAAJ&dq=Jakob+Christoph+Blarer+von+Wartensee+%2211+mai+1542%22&pg=PA373 |access-date=19 September 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[May 16]] &ndash; [[Anna Sibylle of Hanau-Lichtenberg]], German noblewoman, daughter of Count Philip IV of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. [[1580]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Mittheilungen des Hanauer Bezirksvereins für Hessische Geschichte und Landeskunde |date=1880 |publisher=König |page=53 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-UX5mAT5Nn4C&dq=Anna+Sibylle+%2216+mai+1542%22&pg=PA53 |access-date=19 September 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[June 15]] &ndash; [[Richard Grenville]], English politician (d. [[1591]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Charles Richard Nairne Routh|title=Who's who in Tudor England|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MltmAAAAMAAJ|year=1990|publisher=Shepheard-Walwyn|isbn=978-0-85683-093-8|page=422}}</ref>
* [[June 24]] &ndash; [[John of the Cross]], Spanish Carmelite mystic, theologian, poet (d. [[1591]])<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Londoño |first1=Juan Esteban |title=Juan de la Cruz: la poesía mística como deseo y ausencia |journal=Comunicación |date=June 2022 |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=20–28 |doi=10.18845/rc.v31i43.6279 |doi-broken-date=November 1, 2024 |s2cid=249735827 |url=https://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1659-38202022000100020#B15 |access-date=19 September 2023 |language=es |issn=1659-3820|doi-access=free }}</ref>
* [[July 25]] &ndash; [[Magnus, Duke of Östergötland]], Swedish prince (d. [[1595]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hofberg |first1=Herman |title=Svenskt biografiskt handlexicon |date=1906 |publisher=A. Bonnier |page=115 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IYcuAAAAYAAJ&dq=Magnus+%2225+juli+1542%22&pg=PA115 |access-date=19 September 2023 |language=sv}}</ref>
* Between [[August 18]] and [[August 28]] &ndash; [[Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland]] (d. [[1601]])<ref>{{cite ODNB |title=Neville, Charles, sixth earl of Westmorland |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-19924|year=2004 |access-date=19 September 2023 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/19924}}</ref>
* [[August 27]] &ndash; [[John Frederick, Duke of Pomerania]] and Protestant Bishop of Cammin (d. [[1600]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Pomerania. Geschichte und Beschreibung des Pommernlandes |date=1846 |publisher=C. Sanne & Comp. |page=73 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V_02PmMrGj4C&dq=Johann+Friedrich+%2227+august+1542%22&pg=PA73 |access-date=19 September 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[August 31]] &ndash; [[Isabella de' Medici]], Italian princess (d. [[1576]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Murphy |first1=Caroline |title=Isabella De' Medici: The Glorious Life and Tragic End of a Renaissance Princess |date=2008 |publisher=Faber & Faber |isbn=978-0-571-23030-3 |page=17 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dHUiAQAAIAAJ&q=%2231%20august%201542%22 |access-date=19 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[September 25]] &ndash; [[Elisabeth of Nassau-Dillenburg]], sister of William the Silent (d. [[1603]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kroon |first1=Anthonie Willem |title=Geschiedenis van het huis van Oranje-Nassau. Afl. 1-11 |date=1854 |publisher=N. de Zwaan |location=Utrecht |page=44 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e6pfAAAAcAAJ&dq=elisabeth+%2225+september+1542%22&pg=PA44 |access-date=19 September 2023 |language=nl}}</ref>
* [[October 1]] &ndash; [[Álvaro de Mendaña de Neira]], Spanish explorer (d. [[1595]])
* [[October 4]] &ndash; [[Robert Bellarmine]], Italian saint (d. [[1621]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Richardt |first1=Aimé |title=Saint-Robert Bellarmin, 1542-1621: le défenseur de la foi |date=2004 |publisher=F.-X. de Guibert |isbn=978-2-86839-943-4 |page=23 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-VAmAQAAIAAJ&q=%224%20octobre%22 |access-date=19 September 2023 |language=fr}}</ref>
* [[October 14]] &ndash; [[Philip IV, Count of Nassau-Weilburg]] (d. [[1602]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Knodt |first1=Emil |title=Die von den Grafen Albrecht und Philipp im Jahre 1576 publizierte Nassau-Saarbrücken'sche Kirchenordnung und Agende und ihre Weiterentwicklung: ein Beitrag zur nassauischen Kirchengeschichte |date=1905 |publisher=Nassauischen Colportagevereins |page=12 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ke4rAAAAYAAJ&dq=Philipp+IV++nassau%2214+oktober+1542%22&pg=PA12 |access-date=19 September 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[October 15]] &ndash; [[Akbar]], Mughal Emperor (d. [[1605]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Smith |first1=Vincent Arthur |title=Akbar the Great Mogul, 1542-1605 |date=1917 |publisher=Clarendon Press |location=Oxford |page=19 |url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924024056503/page/18/mode/2up?q=%22october+15%22 |access-date=19 September 2023}}</ref>
* [[October 31]] &ndash; [[Henriette of Cleves]], Duchess of Nevers, Countess of Rethel (d. [[1601]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sainte-Marie |first1=Anselme de |title=Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la Maison Royale de France, des pairs, des grands officiers de la Couronne & de la Maison du Roy : & des anciens barons du Royaume... Par le P. Anselme,... continuée par M. Du Fourny. Troisième édition, revûë, corrigée & augmentée par les soins du P. Ange & du P. Simplicien... |date=1728 |publisher=Des libraires associez |page=451 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hLJkUmSxLgkC&dq=Henriette+de+Nevers+%2231+octobre+1542%22&pg=PA451 |access-date=19 September 2023 |language=fr}}</ref>
* [[November 1]] &ndash; [[Tarquinia Molza]], Italian singer (d. [[1617]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Novelle della repubblica letteraria: 1751 |date=1751 |publisher=Carlo Alberto |location=Venice |page=148 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7bRFAAAAcAAJ&dq=Tarquinia+Molza+%221+novembre+1542%22&pg=PA148 |access-date=19 September 2023 |language=it}}</ref>
* [[November 9]] &ndash; [[Anders Sørensen Vedel]], Danish historian (d. [[1616]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Stecher-Hansen |first1=Marianne |title=Danish Writers from the Reformation to Decadence, 1550-1900 |date=2004 |publisher=Gale |isbn=978-0-7876-6837-2 |page=471 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NM0UAQAAIAAJ&q=Anders+S%C3%B8rensen+Vedel+%229+november+1542%22 |access-date=20 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[November 11]] &ndash; [[Scipione Gonzaga]], Italian Catholic cardinal (d. [[1593]])<ref>{{cite web |title=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of December 18, 1587 |url=https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1587-ii.htm |website=cardinals.fiu.edu |access-date=20 September 2023}}</ref>
* [[December 8]] &ndash; [[Mary, Queen of Scots]] (d. [[1587]])<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ewan|first1=Elizabeth|title=The biographical dictionary of Scottish women : from the earliest times to 2004|date=2006|publisher=Edinburgh Univ. Press|location=Edinburgh|isbn=0-7486-1713-2|page=400|edition=Reprinted.}}</ref>
* [[December 21]] &ndash; [[Thomas Allen (mathematician)|Thomas Allen]], English mathematician and astrologer, some suggest [[1540]] (d. [[1632]])<ref>{{cite ODNB |title=Allen, Smith |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-387|year=2004 |access-date=20 September 2023 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/387}}</ref>
* ''date unknown''
** [[Joris Hoefnagel]], Dutch painter and engraver (d. [[1601]])<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Vignau-Wilberg |first1=Thea |title=Flowers for His Mother: An Unknown Cabinet Miniature by Joris Hoefnagel |journal=Master Drawings |date=2007 |volume=45 |issue=4 |pages=522–526 |jstor=20444533 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20444533 |access-date=20 September 2023 |issn=0025-5025}}</ref>
** [[Toda Kazuaki]], Japanese samurai in the service of Tokugawa Ieyasu (d. [[1604]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Papinot |first1=Edmond |title=Historical and Geographical Dictionary of Japan: With 300 Illustrations, 18 Appendixes and Several Maps |date=1909 |publisher=Librairie Sansaisha |page=655 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oIxOAQAAMAAJ&dq=Toda+Kazuaki+%221542%22&pg=PA655 |access-date=20 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
** [[Douglas Sheffield, Baroness Sheffield]], lover of [[Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester]] (d. [[1608]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Levin |first1=Carole |last2=Bertolet |first2=Anna Riehl |last3=Carney |first3=Jo Eldridge |title=A Biographical Encyclopedia of Early Modern Englishwomen: Exemplary Lives and Memorable Acts, 1500-1650 |date=3 November 2016 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-315-44071-2 |page=123 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kDglDwAAQBAJ&dq=Douglas+Sheffield+%221542%22&pg=PA123 |access-date=20 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
** [[Horio Yoshiharu]], Japanese daimyō (d. [[1611]])
** [[Kuki Yoshitaka]], Japanese naval commander (d. [[1600]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shapinsky |first1=Peter D. |title=Lords of the Sea: Pirates, Violence, and Commerce in Late Medieval Japan |date=2014 |publisher=University of Michigan Press |isbn=978-1-929280-81-0 |page=135 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YBWiDwAAQBAJ&dq=Kuki+Yoshitaka+%221542%22&pg=PA135 |access-date=20 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

== Deaths ==
[[File:James V of Scotland2.jpg|110px|thumbnail|right|[[James V of Scotland]]]]
* [[January 21]] &ndash; [[Azai Sukemasa]], Japanese samurai and warlord (b. [[1491]])<ref>{{cite web |title=浅井亮政(あさい・すけまさ)とは？ 意味や使い方 |url=https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%B5%85%E4%BA%95%E4%BA%AE%E6%94%BF-24961 |website=コトバンク |access-date=21 September 2023 |language=ja}}</ref>
* [[February]] &ndash; [[Nikolaus Federmann]], German adventurer in Venezuela and Colombia (b. [[1501]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Beckmann |first1=Jan D. |title=Die deutsche Lateinamerikaforschung im sozialen System der Wissenschaft: relevante Differenzierungskomponenten im Rahmen regionalbezogener Forschungsprozesse |date=1974 |publisher=Sozialforschungsstelle an der Universität Münster |page=101 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wz1qAAAAMAAJ&q=%22februar%201542%22%20Valladolid |access-date=21 September 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[February 1]] &ndash; [[Girolamo Aleandro]], Italian cardinal (b. [[1480]])<ref>{{cite web |title=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of December 22, 1536 |url=https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1536.htm#Aleandro |website=cardinals.fiu.edu |access-date=21 September 2023}}</ref>
* [[February 13]] 
** [[Catherine Howard]], fifth queen of [[Henry VIII of England]] (executed) (born c. [[1522]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Derrik Mercer|title=Chronicle of the Royal Family|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ivo9okUs30wC|date=February 1993|publisher=Chronicle Communications|isbn=978-1-872031-20-0|page=157}}</ref>
** [[Jane Boleyn, Viscountess Rochford]], English noblewoman (executed) (born c. [[1505]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fox |first1=Julia |title=Jane Boleyn: The True Story of the Infamous Lady Rochford |date=24 March 2009 |publisher=Random House Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-345-51078-5 |page=310 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hIoXgqiSyDgC&q=%2213+Feb%22 |access-date=21 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[March 3]] &ndash; [[Arthur Plantagenet, 1st Viscount Lisle]], illegitimate son of King Edward IV of England<ref>{{cite ODNB |title=Plantagenet, Arthur, Viscount Lisle|url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-22355|year=2004 |access-date=21 September 2023 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/22355}}</ref>
* [[May 21]] &ndash; [[Hernando de Soto]], Spanish explorer, navigator and conquistador (b. c. [[1500]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hudson |first1=Charles M. |title=Knights of Spain, warriors of the sun : Hernando De Soto and the South's ancient chiefdoms |date=1997 |publisher=University of Georgia Press |location=Athens |isbn=978-0-8203-1888-2 |page=349 |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780820318882/page/349/mode/2up?q=1542 |access-date=21 September 2023}}</ref>
* [[June 14]] &ndash; [[Christoph von Scheurl]], German writer (b. [[1481]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Soden |first1=Franz von |title=Christoph Scheurl II. und sein Wohnhaus in Nürnberg |date=1837 |publisher=Gottileb Baumler |page=85 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x2FRAAAAcAAJ&q=14%20juni%201542%22 |access-date=21 September 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[June 19]] &ndash; [[Leo Jud]], Swiss reformer (b. [[1482]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Meyer |first1=Hermann Julius |title=Meyers Grosses Konversations-Lexikon |date=1905 |publisher=Bibliographisches Institut |page=326 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q0IWAAAAYAAJ&dq=Leo+Jud+%2219+juni+1542%22&pg=PA326 |access-date=21 September 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[July 15]] &ndash; [[Lisa del Giocondo]], Florentine noblewoman, believed to be the subject of the ''[[Mona Lisa]]'' (b. [[1479]])
* [[August 24]] &ndash; [[Gasparo Contarini]], Italian diplomat and cardinal (b. [[1483]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gleason |first1=Elisabeth G. |title=Gasparo Contarini: Venice, Rome, and Reform |date=25 March 2022 |publisher=Univ of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-30570-0 |page=301 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mqxhEAAAQBAJ&dq=Gasparo+Contarini+%2224+august+1542%22&pg=PA301 |access-date=21 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[August 29]] &ndash; [[Cristóvão da Gama]], Portuguese soldier (b. c. [[1516]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Santos |first1=João Marinho dos |last2=Silva |first2=José Manuel Azevedo e |title=Vasco da Gama: a honra, o proveito, a fama e a glória |date=1999 |publisher=Editora Ausência |isbn=978-972-98320-1-7 |page=214 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HwESAQAAIAAJ&q=%2229%20de%20agosto%20de%201542%22 |access-date=21 September 2023 |language=pt-BR}}</ref>
* [[September 17]] &ndash; [[Lucas Fernández (musician)|Lucas Fernández]], Spanish dramatist and musician (b. c. [[1474]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Maeso |first1=Ricardo Espinosa |title=Ensayo biografico del maestro Lucas Fernandez, 1474?-1542 |date=1924 |publisher=Imp. de la Rev. de Arch., Bibl. y Museos |page=40 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=smQKAQAAMAAJ&q=%20%221542%22 |access-date=21 September 2023 |language=es}}</ref>
* [[September 21]] &ndash; [[Juan Boscán Almogáver]], Spanish poet (b. c. [[1490]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Revista de la biblioteca, archivo y museo [de Madrid]. |date=1946 |publisher=Ayuntamiento de Madrid. |page=418 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X-Y2AQAAIAAJ&q=%20%2221%20de%20septiembre%20de%201542%22 |access-date=21 September 2023 |language=es}}</ref>
* [[October 11]] &ndash; [[Thomas Wyatt (poet)|Thomas Wyatt]], English poet and diplomat (b. [[1503]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Brigden |first1=Susan |title=Thomas Wyatt : the heart's forest |date=2012 |publisher=Faber and faber |location=London |isbn=978-0-571-23584-1 |page=555 |url=https://archive.org/details/thomaswyattheart0000brig/page/554/mode/2up?q=%2211+october%22 |access-date=21 September 2023}}</ref>
* [[October 18]] &ndash; [[Giovanni Gaddi (priest)|Giovanni Gaddi]], Italian priest (b. [[1493]])<ref>{{cite web |title=GADDI, Giovanni |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/giovanni-gaddi_(Dizionario-Biografico) |website=www.treccani.it |access-date=21 September 2023 |language=it-IT}}</ref>
* [[December 14]] &ndash; King [[James V of Scotland]] (b. [[1512]])<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Lynch |editor1-first=Michael |title=The Oxford companion to Scottish history |date=February 24, 2011 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199693054 |page=354}}</ref>
* [[December 16]] &ndash; [[Thomas Lovett III]], High Sheriff of Northamptonshire (b. [[1473]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Waters |first1=Robert Edmond Chester |title=Genealogical Memoirs of the Extinct Family of Chester of Chicheley: Their Ancestors and Descendants |date=1878 |publisher=Robson & sons |isbn=978-5-87335-084-1 |page=59 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OaxCAAAAYAAJ&dq=Thomas+Lovett+III+16+december+1542&pg=PA59 |access-date=21 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* ''date unknown''
** [[Dosso Dossi]], Italian painter (b. [[1490]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Humfrey |first1=Peter |last2=Dossi |first2=Dosso |last3=Lucco |first3=Mauro |title=Dosso Dossi: Court Painter in Renaissance Ferrara |date=1998 |publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art |isbn=978-0-87099-875-1 |page=24 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-t4qkWxk1-cC&q=%221542%22 |access-date=21 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
** [[Lapulapu]], Filipino king (b. [[1491]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1542}}
[[Category:1542| ]]