Editing 1396

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|1396}}
{{Year nav|1396}}
{{C14 year in topic}}Year '''1396''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCCCXCVI]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Saturday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==


=== January&ndash;December ===
* [[May 19]] &ndash; [[Martin I of Aragon|Martin I]] succeeds his brother, [[John I of Aragon|John I]], as King of [[Crown of Aragon|Aragon]] (modern-day northeastern Spain).<ref>Bisson, Thomas N. (1986). ''The Medieval Crown of Aragon: A Short History''. Clarendon Press, p. 125.</ref>
* [[July 20]] &ndash; Queen [[Margaret I of Denmark]], [[Norway]] and [[Sweden]] publishes the [[Treaty of Kalmar]], proposing the personal union of the three kingdoms of [[Denmark]], [[Norway]] (with [[Iceland]], [[Greenland]], the [[Faroe Islands]], [[Shetland]] and [[Orkney]]) and [[Sweden]] (including [[Finland]] and [[Åland]]).<ref name="Richard White">White, Richard (2010), ''These Stones Bear Witness'', AuthorHouse, p. 56.</ref>
* [[July 23]] &ndash; Queen [[Margaret I of Denmark|Margaret]] makes her great-nephew and adopted son [[Eric of Pomerania]] joint ruler of Sweden. Eric has already been made joint ruler of Norway.<ref name="Richard White" />
* [[September]] &ndash; [[Battle of the North Inch]] ("Battle of the Thirty"): In a mass trial by combat on the North Inch of [[Perth, Scotland]], the [[Clan Cameron]] defeat the [[Clan Mackintosh]].<ref>"Site Record for Perth, North Inch; 'The Battle Of The Clans'; Inch Of Perth". ''canmore.rcahms.gov.uk''. [[Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland]]. Retrieved 28 January 2025.</ref>
* [[September 19]] &ndash; Duke of Brittany [[John V, Duke of Brittany|John V]] marries [[Joan of France, Duchess of Brittany|Joan of France]].<ref>Knecht, Robert (2004). ''The Valois: Kings of France 1328–1589''. Hambledon Continuum, p. 6-7.</ref>
* [[September 25]] &ndash; [[Battle of Nicopolis]]: The [[Ottoman Turks|Ottomans]] defeat a joint [[crusade]] by [[Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)|Hungary]], [[Kingdom of France|France]], the [[Holy Roman Empire]], and [[Wallachia]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Nicolle|first=David|year=1999|title=Nicopolis 1396: The Last Crusade|series=Campaign Series|location=London|publisher=Osprey Publishing}}</ref> led by [[Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor|King Sigismund]] of Hungary. This is the last large-scale crusade of the [[Middle Ages]].<ref>"Battle of Nicopolis". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 28 January 2025.</ref>
* [[October]] &ndash; A Transylvanian expedition captures [[Vlad I Uzurpatorul]], thus allowing the restoration of [[Mircea I of Wallachia]] to the throne.<ref>N. Djuvara, ''O scurtă istorie ilustrată a Românilor''. Ed. Humanitas, București, 2013, p. 119.</ref>
* [[October 31]] &ndash; The widowed [[Richard II of England]] (29), and six-year-old [[Isabella of Valois]] (daughter of [[Charles VI of France]]), are married in Calais, resulting in a temporary peace between the kingdoms of England and France.<ref>Williams, Deanne (2016). "Isabelle de France, Child Bride". In Martin, Catherine Gimelli; Melehy, Hassan (eds.). ''French Connections in the English Renaissance''. Routledge, p. 32-33.</ref>
* [[November 24]] &ndash; The [[Transit of Venus]], the last not to be part of a pair, is possibly observed by [[Aztec]] astronomers.<ref>SampleContents library, Transit of Venus.https://samplecontents.library.ph/wikipedia/wp/t/Transit_of_Venus.htm Retrieved 28 January 2025.</ref>
* [[November 29]] &ndash; [[Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland]], marries [[Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland|Joan Beaufort]] in England.<ref>Weir, Alison (1999). ''Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy''. London: The Bodley Head, p. 108.</ref>

=== Date unknown ===
* The [[Ottoman Turks|Ottomans]] capture the Bulgarian fortress of [[Vidin]] and [[Tsar]] [[Ivan Sratsimir of Bulgaria|Ivan Sratsimir]], ending the [[Second Bulgarian Empire]].<ref>Science historian chronicles true story of Lady Florence Baker, Penn State University, 3 February 2004, Retrieved 28 January 2025.</ref> The Bulgarian state is reestablished in [[1878]] as the [[Principality of Bulgaria]].<ref>Miller-Yianni, Martin (20 May 2010). ''Bulgarian History — A Concise Account''. Lulu.com. {{ISBN|9781445716336}}. Retrieved 28 January 2025 – via Google Books.</ref>
* France conquers the [[Republic of Genoa]].<ref>Kirk, Thomas Allison (2005). ''Genoa and the Sea: Policy and Power in an Early Modern Maritime Republic''. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 26. {{ISBN|0-8018-8083-1}}. Archived from the original on 11 February 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2025.</ref>
* After a 14-year [[interregnum]], [[Pedro de San Superano]] is declared ruler of the [[Principality of Achaea]] (modern-day Peloponnese, southern Greece).<ref>[[William Miller (historian)|Miller, William]] (1908). ''The Latins in the Levant: A History of Frankish Greece (1204–1556)''. E. P Dutton and Company. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] 1106830090. p. 317–318, 368, 651.</ref>
* Abu Amir succeeds Abdul Aziz II as ruler of the [[Marinid dynasty]], in modern-day [[Morocco]].<ref>Ilahiane, Hsain (2006-07-17). ''Historical Dictionary of the Berbers (Imazighen)''. Scarecrow Press. {{ISBN|978-0-8108-6490-0}}, p. 156.</ref>
* [[Timur]] appoints his son [[Miran Shah]], as [[Timurid dynasty|Timurid]] viceroy of present-day [[Azerbaijan]].<ref>[[Vasily Bartold|Barthold, Vasilii Vladimirovitch]] (1963). ''Four Studies on the History of Central Asia''. Vol. 2. Brill Archive. p. 33.</ref>
* The [[Kart dynasty]] is brought to an end in east [[Persia]] after its remaining rulers are murdered at a banquet by Miran Shah.<ref>Vasiliĭ Vladimirovich Bartolʹd, ''Four Studies on the History of Central Asia'', Vol.II, (Brill, 1958), 33.</ref>
* [[Philibert de Naillac]] succeeds [[Juan Fernández de Heredia]], as [[List of Grand Masters of the Knights Hospitaller|Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller]].<ref>Whitworth Porter (31 October 2013). ''A History of the Knights of Malta''. Cambridge University Press. p. 291. {{ISBN|978-1-108-06622-8}}.</ref>
* [[Huitzilihuitl]] succeeds his father, [[Acamapichtli]], as ruler of the [[Aztecs]].<ref>Simon, Z (2021). "Ten Chronologies of Ancient Mexico"</ref>
* The Ulu Camii Mosque is built in [[Bursa]] by the [[Ottoman Turks|Ottomans]].
* The [[Ming dynasty]] court of China sends two envoys, Qian Guxun and Li Sicong, to the Ava Kingdom of [[Burma]] and the [[Tai peoples|Tai polity]] of the [[Mong Mao]], in order to resolve a dispute between these two. The travels of the Chinese ambassadors are recorded in the historical text of the ''[[Baiyi Zhuan]]''.<ref>Wade, Geoff (1996) "The Bai Yi Zhuan: A Chinese Account of Tai Society in the 14th Century," ''14th Conference of the International Association of Historians of Asia (IAHA)'', Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. (Includes translation of (Jiangliang, 1980), a copy can be found at the [[Thailand Information Center]] at [[Chulalongkorn]]Central Library)[1]</ref>
* [[Timur]] orders the construction of a garden in a meadow, House of Flowers.<ref>HISTORY OF SAMARKAND GARDENS BUILT BY AMIR TEMUR. Kamoliddin G’aniev, Samarkand State University, Associate Professor of History of Uzbekistan. Article history: Abstract: Received: 2th April 2021 In the article on the basis of sources landscape gardening. https://scholarzest.com/index.php/esj/article/download/726/615/1477.  Retrieved 28 January 2025.</ref>
* Peasants in the modern-day provinces of [[Hunan]] and [[Hubei]] in the east of China plant 84 million fruit trees.
* The [[University of Zadar]] is founded, the first university in [[Croatia]].<ref>"University of Zadar : About us". ''Unizd.hr''. Retrieved 28 January 2025.</ref>

== Births ==
* [[July 31]] &ndash; [[Philip III, Duke of Burgundy]] (d. [[1467]])
* [[October 16]] &ndash; [[William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk]], English noble (d. [[1450]])
* ''date unknown''
** [[Alfonso V of Aragon]] (d. [[1458]])
** [[Bonne of Artois]], countess regent of Nevers (d. [[1425]])
** [[Ambroise de Loré]], baron of Ivry in Normandy (d. [[1446]])
** [[Michelozzo]], Italian architect and sculptor (d. [[1472]])
** [[Ponhea Yat]], ruler of the Khmer Empire (d. [[1460]]?)

== Deaths ==
* [[January 11]] &ndash; [[Isidore Glabas]], Metropolitan bishop of [[Thessalonica]] (b. 1341/2)
* [[May 19]] &ndash; [[John I of Aragon]] (b. [[1350]])
* [[July 31]] &ndash; [[William Courtenay (bishop)|William Courtenay]], [[Archbishop of Canterbury]]
* [[September 15]] &ndash; [[Queen Sindeok]], politically active Korean queen  (b. [[1356]])
* [[November 29]] &ndash; [[Robert Ferrers, 3rd Baron Ferrers of Wemme]] (b. [[1373]])
* ''date unknown''
** [[John Beaumont, 4th Baron Beaumont]], Constable of Dover Castle (b. [[1361]])
** [[Frederick II, Marquess of Saluzzo]]
** Saint [[Stephen of Perm]] (b. [[1340]])
** [[She Xiang]], Chinese tribute chieftain  (b. [[1361]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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