Editing 138 BC

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{Year nav|-138}}
{{BC year in topic|138}}
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Year '''138 BC''' was a year of the [[Roman calendar|pre-Julian Roman calendar]]. At the time it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of Serapio and Callaicus''' (or, less frequently, '''year 616 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]''''') and the '''Third Year of Jianyuan'''. The denomination 138 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>
=== By place ===
====Roman Empire====
* [[Tautalus]] surrenders to the Romans.
* [[Valencia]] in Spain is founded as a Roman [[Colonia (Roman)|colony]].

====Asia Minor====
* [[Attalus III]] succeeds [[Attalus II]] as [[Attalid]] king of [[Pergamon]]
====Egypt====
* [[Galaestes]] revolts.

====Syria====
* [[Antiochus VII]] expels [[Diodotus Tryphon]].
* Tryphon sacks [[Beirut]]

==== Parthia ====
* [[Phraates II]] becomes emperor of [[Parthia]].

==== China====
* [[Empress Dou (Wen)|Grand Empress Dowager Dou]], the grandmother of [[Emperor Wu of Han]], purges the high administration of officials to consolidate her power. Among those dismissed are Prime Minister Dou Yong and her own half-brother, the General-in-Chief Tian Fen. Two of the young emperor's closest advisors, Zhao Wan and Wang Zang, are arrested and commit suicide.<ref>{{cite book|first=Hing Ming|last= Hung|title=The Magnificent Emperor Wu: China's Han Dynasty|year= 2020|isbn=978-1628944167|pages= 123-124}}</ref>

=== By topic ===
==== Arts and sciences ====
* [[Hymn to Apollo]] is written and inscribed on stone in [[Delphi]]; it is the earliest surviving notated music, in a substantial and legible fragment, in the [[western world]].
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[Sulla|Lucius Cornelius Sulla]], Roman general and statesman (d. [[78 BC]])<ref>Marvin Perry et al., eds. ''Western Civilization: Ideas, Politics, and Society'' (Cengage Learning, 2008) p135</ref>
* [[Phaedrus the Epicurean]], Greek scholar and philosopher

== Deaths ==
* [[Attalus II Philadelphus]], king of [[Pergamon]] (b. [[220 BC]])<ref>{{cite web | access-date=February 27, 2024 | url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Attalus-II-Philadelphus | title=Attalus II Philadelphus | date=February 13, 2024 | series=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref>
* [[Diodotus Tryphon]], king of the [[Seleucid Empire]]
* [[Mithridates I of Parthia|Mithridates I]], king of [[Parthia]] (b. c. [[195 BC]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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[[Category:138 BC| ]]