Editing 1293

{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{About year|1293}}
{{Year nav|1293}}
{{C13 year in topic}}Year '''1293''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCCXCIII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Thursday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

===By area===
====Africa====
* [[December]] &ndash; [[Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)|Mamluk]] sultan of [[Egypt]] [[Al-Ashraf Khalil|Khalil]] is assassinated by his regent [[Baydara]], who briefly claims the sultanate, before being assassinated himself by a rival political faction.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9Ep8I5jCD8QC&dq=Khalil+1293&pg=PA181|title=The Citadel of Cairo: A New Interpretation of Royal Mameluk Architecture|last=Rabbat|first=Nasser O.|publisher=BRILL|year=1995|isbn=9789004101241|location=Leiden, New York, Köln|pages=181|language=en}}</ref>

====Asia====
* [[May 26]] &ndash; An [[1293 Kamakura earthquake|earthquake]] in [[Kamakura]], Japan kills an estimated 23,000.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IhJCAQAAMAAJ&dq=1293+kamakura&pg=PA208|title=Destructive Earthquakes of Japan|last=Hattori|first=J.|date=April 4, 1878|work=The Japan Mail: A fortnightly summary of intelligence from Japan, for transmission to Europe and the United States, via Suez and San Francisco|access-date=February 24, 2019|page=178}}</ref>
* [[May 31]] &ndash; The forces of [[Raden Wijaya]] win a major victory in the [[Mongol invasion of Java]], which is considered to be the founding date of the city of [[Surabaya]].
* The [[Japanese era name|Japanese era]] [[Shōō (Kamakura period)|Shōō]] ends, and the [[Einin]] era begins.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zPyswmGDBFkC&dq=1293+shoo+einin&pg=PA164|title=The Connoisseur's Book of Japanese Swords|last=Nagayama|first=Kōkan|publisher=Kodansha International|year=1997|isbn=9784770020710|location=Tokyo, New York, London|pages=164|language=en|orig-year=1995}}</ref>
* [[Kublai Khan]] sends a fleet to the islands of Southeast Asia, including [[Mongol invasion of Java|Java]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=abNDLZQ6quYC&dq=1293+Kublai+Khan+fleet+java&pg=PA109|title=Ethnic Groups of South Asia and the Pacific: An Encyclopedia|last=Minahan|first=James|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2012|isbn=9781598846591|location=Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO, Oxford|pages=109|language=en}}</ref>
* The Hindu [[Majapahit Empire]] is founded by [[Kertarajasa]] in [[Java]]. It benefits from internal conflict and [[Mongol Empire|Mongol]] intervention, to defeat the [[Singhasari]] Kingdom and establish the empire.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QKgraWbb7yoC&dq=1293+Majapahit&pg=PA824|title=Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor|last=Ooi|first=Keat Gin|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2004|isbn=9781576077702|location=Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO, Oxford|pages=822–824|language=en}}</ref>

====Europe====
* [[Torkel Knutsson]] leads Sweden in beginning the [[Third Swedish Crusade]], against unchristianized [[Finnish Karelia]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=929lNk1fqXoC&dq=1293+Torkel+Knutsson&pg=PA152|title=Sibelius: A Composer's Life and the Awakening of Finland|last=Goss|first=Glenda Dawn|publisher=University of Chicago Press|year=2009|isbn=9780226304793|location=Chicago, London|pages=152|language=en}}</ref> In the same year, the construction of [[Vyborg Castle]] begins, by orders of Knutsson.<ref>[https://www.spottinghistory.com/view/1355/vyborg-castle/ Vyborg Castle, Vyborg, Russia – Spotting History]</ref>
* The [[Ordinances of Justice]] are enacted, in the Commune of Florence.<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lqCYBvufYj0C&dq=1293+Ordinances+of+Justice&pg=PA323|title=Florence and Beyond: Culture, Society and Politics in Renaissance Italy : Essays in Honour of John M. Najemy|last=Pugh Rupp|first=Teresa|publisher=Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies|year=2008|isbn=9780772720382|editor-last=Peterson|editor-first=David S.|location=Toronto|pages=323|language=en|chapter="If You Want Peace, Work for Justice": Dino Compagni's Cronica and the Ordinances of Justice|editor2-last=Bornstein|editor2-first=Daniel E.}}</ref>
* The [[Isle of Wight]] is sold to King [[Edward I of England]] by [[Isabella de Forz, Countess of Devon]], for 6,000 marks.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ARJbAAAAcAAJ&dq=1293+isle+of+wight&pg=PA18|title=The History, Topography, and Antiquities of the Isle of Wight. Described and Illustrated. [With Plates and a Map.]|last=Adams|first=William Henry Davenport|publisher=Smith, Elder & Company|year=1856|location=London|pages=18–19|language=en}}</ref>

===By topic===
====Arts and culture====
* [[Dante Alighieri]] completes the book of verse ''[[La Vita Nuova]]''.<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6er3ig5jGakC&dq=1293+La+Vita+Nuova&pg=PA77|title=Strange Sisters: Literature and Aesthetics in the Nineteenth Century|last=Spinozzi|first=Paola|publisher=Peter Lang|year=2009|isbn=9783039118403|editor-last=Orestano|editor-first=Francesca|location=Oxford, Bern|pages=77|language=en|chapter=Journeying Through Translation: Dante among the Victorians, Dante Gabriel Rossetti in Medieval Italy|editor2-last=Frigerio|editor2-first=Francesca}}</ref>

====Education====
* [[May 20]] &ndash; King [[Sancho IV of Castile]] creates the ''Studium General'', forerunner to the modern [[Complutense University of Madrid]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iW7E7LQiu8kC&dq=1293+Studium+General+Madrid&pg=PA99|title=The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages: Volume 2, Part 1, Italy, Spain, France, Germany, Scotland, Etc.|last=Rashdall|first=Hastings|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2010|isbn=9781108018111|volume=2|location=Cambridge, New York|pages=99|language=en|orig-year=1895}}</ref>

====Religion====
* [[January]] &ndash; [[Ignatius bar Wahib]] becomes [[Syriac Orthodox Church|Syriac Orthodox]] Patriarch of Mardin.<ref>{{cite book | last1 =Barsoum| first1 =Ephrem|date=2008|title=History of the Za'faran Monastery|publisher=Gorgias Press|translator=Matti Moosa|author-link=Ignatius Aphrem I Barsoum|page=48}}</ref>
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[John of Ruysbroeck]], Brabantian mystic (approximate date; d. [[1381]])<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qQoWBB6gqQQC&dq=1293+John+of+Ruusbroec&pg=PA272|title=The Holy Spirit: Classic and Contemporary Readings|last=Rogers|first=Eugene F. Jr.|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|year=2009|isbn=9781405136235|location=Chicester and Singapore|pages=272|language=en|chapter=John Ruusbroec, from The Spiritual Espousals}}</ref>
* [[Margaret de Clare]], English noblewoman (d. [[1342]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PUpmAAAAMAAJ|title=The complete peerage, or a history of the House of Lords and all its members from the earliest times by G.E.C., revised and much enlarged : addenda & corrigenda|last1=Hammond|first1=Peter|last2=Cokayne|first2=George Edward|publisher=Sutton|year=1998|isbn=9780750901543|volume=XIV|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Felim McHugh O'Connor|Fedlim Ó Conchobair]], King of [[Connacht]] (d. [[1316]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=je4RSV6f95oC&q=fedlim|title=The Hidden Annals: A Thousand Years of the Kingdom of Connaught 366-1385|last=Byrne|first=Vincent|publisher=Universal-Publishers|year=2003|isbn=9781581125689|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Philip V of France]] (d. [[1322]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X_YyDAAAQBAJ&dq=Philip+V+1293&pg=PA58|title=Studying Late Medieval History: A Thematic Approach|last=Wood|first=Cindy|publisher=Routledge|year=2016|isbn=9781317211204|location=London and New York|pages=58|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Philip VI of France]] (d. [[1350]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oBHJ1eK_tcoC&dq=Philip+VI+1293&pg=PA893|title=The Age of Wars of Religion, 1000-1650: An Encyclopedia of Global Warfare and Civilization|last=Nolan|first=Cathal J.|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=2006|isbn=9780313337345|volume=2|location=Westport, CN and London|pages=893|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland]] (d. [[1326]])<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eyik0rO0HlsC&dq=1293+Walter+Stewart&pg=PA261|title=Americans of Royal Descent: Collection of Genealogies Showing the Lineal Descent from Kings of Some American Families. Reproduced from Recognized Authorative Genealogical Works, From Printed Family Histories, and Verified Information Supplied in Manuscript Pedigrees|last=Browning|first=Charles Henry|publisher=Genealogical Publishing Com|year=1998|isbn=9780806300542|edition=Seventh|location=Baltimore, MD|pages=261|language=en|chapter=Pedigree LX|orig-year=1883}}</ref>

== Deaths ==
* [[May 2]] &ndash; [[Meir of Rothenburg]], German rabbi (b. c.[[1215]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=anAUUroT4N4C&dq=1293+Meir+of+Rothenburg&pg=PA221|title=Peering Through the Lattices: Mystical, Magical, and Pietistic Dimensions in the Tosafist Period|last=Kanarfogel|first=Ephraim|publisher=Wayne State University Press|year=2000|isbn=9780814325315|location=Detroit, MI|pages=221|language=en}}</ref>
* [[June 29]] &ndash; [[Henry of Ghent]], philosopher (b. c.[[1217]])<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-bwuXbEFL5cC&dq=1293+Henry+of+Ghent&pg=PA201|title=Henry of Ghent and the Transformation of Scholastic Thought: Studies in Memory of Jos Decorte|last=Stone|first=M. W. F.|publisher=Leuven University Press|year=2003|isbn=9789058673299|editor-last=Decorte|editor-first=Jos|location=Leuven, Belgium|pages=201|language=en|chapter=Henry of Ghent on Freedom and Human Action|editor2-last=Guldentops|editor2-first=Guy|editor3-last=Steel|editor3-first=Carlos G.}}</ref>
* [[November 10]] &ndash; [[Isabel de Forz, suo jure 8th Countess of Devon|Isabella de Forz, Countess of Devon]] (b. [[1237]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7d6GtVT1kBEC&dq=1293+Isabel+de+Forz&pg=PA11|title=Bolton Priory: Its Patrons and Benefactors 1120-1293|last=Legg|first=Katrina|publisher=Borthwick Publications|year=2004|isbn=9781904497134|series=Borthwick Papers|volume=106|location=York|pages=11|language=en}}</ref>
* [[December 14]] &ndash; [[Al-Ashraf Khalil]], Mamluk sultan of Egypt (assassinated)<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/tragedyoftemplar00haag|url-access=registration|quote=1293 Al-Ashraf Khalil.|title=The Tragedy of the Templars: The Rise and Fall of the Crusader States|last=Haag|first=Michael|publisher=Profile|year=2012|isbn=9781847658548|location=Suffolk|pages=[https://archive.org/details/tragedyoftemplar00haag/page/241 241]|language=en}}</ref>
*''date unknown''
**[[David VI Narin]], King of [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] (b. [[1225]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sDwEAAAAYAAJ&dq=1293+David+VI+Narin&pg=PA164|title=Voyage autour du Caucase, chez les Tcherkesses et les Abkhases, en Colchide, en Géorgie, en Arménie et en Crimée|last=Montpéreux|first=Frédéric Dubois de|publisher=Librairie de Gide|year=1839|volume=II|location=Paris|pages=164|language=fr}}</ref>
**[[William of Rubruck]], Flemish [[Franciscan]] missionary (approximate date; b. c.[[1220]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ELmBrO-ipYIC&q=+1293|title=The Journey of William of Rubruck to the Eastern Parts of the World, 1253-55: As Narrated by Himself with Two Accounts of the Earlier Journey of John of Pian de Carpine|last1=Ruysbroeck|first1=Willem van|last2=Pian de Carpine|first2=John of|publisher=Asian Educational Services|year=1998|isbn=9788120613386|location=New Delhi, Madras|language=en|translator-last=Woodville Rockhill|translator-first=William|orig-year=1900}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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