Editing 1280

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|1280}}
{{Year nav|1280}}
{{C13 year in topic}}'''1280''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCCLXXX]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Monday]] in the [[Julian calendar]]. It was the 1280th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 280th year of the 2nd millennium, the 80th year of the 13th century, and the first year of the 1280s decade. 

== Events ==
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* [[June 23]] &ndash; ''[[Reconquista]]'': [[Battle of Moclín (1280)|Battle of Moclín]] &ndash; Troops of the [[Emirate of Granada]] defeat those of the [[Kingdom of Castile]] and [[Kingdom of León]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6HqbCwAAQBAJ&q=1280+Battle+of+Mocl%C3%ADn&pg=PA121|title=The Mercenary Mediterranean: Sovereignty, Religion, and Violence in the Medieval Crown of Aragon|last=Fancy|first=Hussein|publisher=University of Chicago Press|year=2016|isbn=9780226329789|location=Chicago and London|pages=121|language=en}}</ref>
* [[September 27]] &ndash; King [[Magnus III of Sweden]] founds a [[Swedish nobility]] by enacting a law accepting a contribution of a [[cavalry]] member in lieu of ordinary tax payments.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EqtPAAAAMAAJ&q=1280+swedish+nobility|title=Roos Af Hjelmsäter: A Swedish Noble Family with Allied Families and Emigrants|last1=Crawford|first1=Lillie Rollins|last2=Crawford|first2=Robert Junious|publisher=Gateway Press|year=1996|location=Baltimore, MD|pages=493|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Tsar]] [[Ivan Asen III of Bulgaria]] flees from [[Tarnovo]], ending the [[Asen dynasty]] in [[Bulgaria]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LqxfDwAAQBAJ&q=1280+Ivan+Asen+III&pg=PA966|title=The Oxford Handbook of Byzantine Studies|last1=Jeffreys|first1=Elizabeth|last2=Haldon|first2=John|last3=Cormack|first3=Robin|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2008|location=Oxford, New York|pages=966|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Syria]] attempts to secede from the [[Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)|Mamluk Sultanate]] of [[Egypt]], but [[Al Mansur Qalawun]] defeats the rebels and keeps Syria within the Egyptian sultanate.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WjQfo3a1eVMC&q=1280++syria+mamluk&pg=PA559|title=Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia|last=Mikaberidze|first=Alexander|date=2011-07-31|publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=9781598843361|location=Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO and Oxford|pages=559|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Turin]] is conquered by [[Thomas III of Savoy]], becoming the capital of the [[House of Savoy]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ndh9zotj5DcC&q=1280+Hundred+Rolls&pg=PA91|title=Lordship, Knighthood and Locality: A Study in English Society, C.1180-1280|last=Coss|first=Peter R.|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1991|isbn=9780521402965|location=Cambridge, New York, Melbourne|pages=91|language=en}}</ref>
* Construction on the northern section of the [[Grand Canal of China]] is begun.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l6TVhvYLaEwC&q=1280+Grand+Canal+China&pg=PA359|title=Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 4, Physics and Physical Technology, Part 3, Civil Engineering and Nautics|last1=Needham|first1=Joseph|last2=Ling|first2=Wang|last3=Gwei-Djen|first3=Lu|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2000|isbn=9780521070607|volume=IV|location=Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid|pages=359|language=en|orig-year=1971}}</ref>
* The final expansion of [[Lincoln Cathedral]] in [[Kingdom of England|England]] is completed.<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uzQrDwAAQBAJ&q=1280+lincoln+cathedral&pg=PA158|title=Bishop Robert Grosseteste and Lincoln Cathedral: Tracing Relationships between Medieval Concepts of Order and Built Form|last=Frost|first=Christian|publisher=Routledge|year=2016|isbn=9781351573580|editor-last=Temple|editor-first=Nicholas|location=Abingdon and New York|pages=158|language=en|chapter=Architecture, Liturgy and Processions: Bishop Grosseteste's Lincoln and Bishop Poore's Salisbury|orig-year=2014|editor-last2=Hendrix|editor-first2=John Shannon|editor-last3=Frost|editor-first3=Christian}}</ref>
* The second of two main surveys of the [[Hundred Rolls]], an English [[census]] seen as a follow-up to the [[Domesday Book]] (completed in [[1086]]), is finished; it began in [[1279]].
* Approximate date
** The ancestors of the [[Māori people]] from eastern [[Polynesia]] become the first human settlers of [[New Zealand]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=abNDLZQ6quYC&q=1280+Maori+new+zealand&pg=PA172|title=Ethnic Groups of South Asia and the Pacific: An Encyclopedia|last=Minahan|first=James|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2012|isbn=9781598846591|location=Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO and Oxford|pages=172|language=en}}</ref>
** The Wolf minimum of [[solar variation|solar activity]] begins.<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6Ya6BQAAQBAJ&q=1280+wolf+minimum+solar&pg=PA15|title=Solar and Heliospheric Origins of Space Weather Phenomena|last1=Rozelot|first1=Jean-Pierre|last2=Lefebvre|first2=Sandrine|publisher=Springer|year=2006|isbn=9783540337591|editor-last=Rozelot|editor-first=Jean-Pierre|series=Lecture Notes in Physics|volume=699|location=Berlin, Heidelberg, New York|pages=15|language=en|chapter=Advances in Understanding Elements of the Sun - Earth Links}}</ref></onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[Birger, King of Sweden]], Swedish monarch (d. [[1321]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yqu8CgAAQBAJ&q=1280+-+1321++Birger%2C+King+of+Sweden&pg=PA31|title=The Revelations of St Birgitta: A Study and Edition of the Birgittine-Norwegian Texts, Swedish National Archives, E 8902|last=Adams|first=Jonathan|publisher=BRILL|year=2016|isbn=9789004304666|location=Leiden. Boston|pages=31|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Wu Zhen (painter)|Wu Zhen]], Chinese painter (d. [[1354]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TlVeuxIgjwQC&q=1280+wu+zhen&pg=PA75|title=Gardner's Art through the Ages: Non-Western Perspectives|last=Kleiner|first=Fred S.|publisher=Cengage Learning|year=2010|isbn=9780495573678|location=Boston, MA|pages=75|language=en}}</ref>
* ''Approximate date''
** [[Anna of Kashin]], Russian princess consort and saint (d. [[1368]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stkatherineorthodoxchurch.org/stannaofkashin.html|title=St. Anna of Kashin|website=www.stkatherineorthodoxchurch.org|access-date=2019-03-06}}</ref>
** [[Mansa Musa]], [[Mansa (title)|mansa]] of the [[Mali Empire]] (d. c.[[1337]])

== Deaths ==
* [[February 10]] &ndash; [[Margaret II, Countess of Flanders]] (b. [[1202]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QrmV4AHFnrgC&q=1280+Margaret+II%2C+Countess+of+Flanders&pg=PA142|title=Women Leaders of Europe and the Western Hemisphere: A Biographical Reference|last=Jackson|first=Guida M.|publisher=Xlibris Corporation|year=2009|isbn=9781469113548|location=Bloomington, IN|pages=142–143|language=en}}</ref>
* [[May 9]] &ndash; [[Magnus VI of Norway]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WTUXAAAAYAAJ&q=1280+Magnus+VI&pg=PA45|title=Visit to Northern Europe: Or, Sketches Descriptive, Historical, Political and Moral, of Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Finland, and the Free Cities of Hamburg and Lubeck, Containing Notices of the Manners and Customs, Commerce, Manufactures, Arts and Sciences, Education, Literature and Religion, of Those Countries and Cities|last=Baird|first=Robert|publisher=J.S. Taylor & Company|year=1842|volume=II|location=New York|pages=45|language=en}}</ref>
* [[August 22]] &ndash; [[Pope Nicholas III]] (b. [[1218]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BhyOAQAAQBAJ&q=1280+Pope+Nicholas+III&pg=PA479|title=Key Figures in Medieval Europe: An Encyclopedia|last1=Emmerson|first1=Richard K.|last2=Clayton-Emmerson|first2=Sandra|publisher=Routledge|year=2006|isbn=9781136775192|location=New York, London|pages=479|language=en}}</ref>
* [[November 15]] &ndash; [[Albertus Magnus]], German theologian<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dL1ac3yFjF8C&q=1280+Albert+Magnus&pg=PA9|title=A Companion to Albert the Great: Theology, Philosophy, and the Sciences|last=Resnick|first=Irven|publisher=BRILL|year=2013|isbn=9789004234079|series=Brill's Companions to the Christian Tradition|location=Leiden, Boston|pages=9|language=en}}</ref>
* ''Approximate date'' &ndash; [[Ertuğrul]], Ottoman bey, father of Osman I<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E9-YfgVZDBkC&q=1280+Ertu%C4%9Frul&pg=PA13|title=History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey|last1=Shaw|first1=Stanford J.|last2=Shaw|first2=Ezel Kural|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1997|isbn=9780521291637|volume=1. Empire of the Gazis: The Rise and Decline of the Ottoman Empire 1280-1808|location=Cambridge, New York, Melbourne|pages=13|language=en|orig-year=1976}}</ref>

== References ==
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