Editing 1273

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|1273}}
{{Year nav|1273}}
{{C13 year in topic}} 
[[File:Franz Pforr 001.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|King [[Rudolf I of Germany]] is welcomed at [[Basel]], by [[Franz Pforr]] (19th century)]]
Year '''1273''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCCLXXIII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Sunday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===

==== Europe ====
* [[January 22]] &ndash; Sultan [[Muhammad I of Granada|Muhammad I]] (or Ibn al-Ahmar) suffers fatal injuries after falling from his horse near the city of [[Granada]] during a minor military expedition. He is succeeded by his son [[Muhammad II of Granada|Muhammad II]], who becomes ruler of the [[Emirate of Granada]]. Muhammad enters negotiations with King [[Alfonso X of Castile|Alfonso X]] ("the Wise") to make peace with [[Kingdom of Castile|Castile]], but he refuses to grant a truce to the Banu governors (''arraeces'') of [[Málaga]] and [[Guadix]] in [[Andalusia]].<ref>Joseph F. O'Callaghan (2011). ''The Gibraltar Crusade: Castile and the Battle for the Strait'', p. 60. {{ISBN|978-0-8122-2302-6}}.</ref>
* Autumn &ndash; Sultan Muhammad II of Granada sends an embassy to the court of Alfonso X in [[Seville]], where it is received with honour. Alfonso agrees to Granada's demands, to end his support for the [[Banu Ashqilula]], in exchange for the promise that Muhammad becomes Alfonso's vassal. Muhammad pays him 450,000 ''maravedis'' each year in [[tribute]] and grants the Banu rebels a truce for two years.<ref>Joseph F. O'Callaghan (2011). ''The Gibraltar Crusade: Castile and the Battle for the Strait'', pp. 60–61. {{ISBN|978-0-8122-2302-6}}.</ref>
* [[October 1]] &ndash; [[Rudolf I of Germany|Rudolf I]] is elected [[King of Germany]] over the rival candidate [[Ottokar II of Bohemia|Ottokar II]], king of [[Kingdom of Bohemia|Bohemia]], ending the [[Interregnum (Holy Roman Empire)|Great Interregnum]]. He is the first of many [[House of Habsburg|Habsburgs]] to hold the throne and is crowned in [[Aachen Cathedral]], on [[October 24]]. Ottokar refuses to acknowledge Rudolf as the new ruler and is placed under the [[imperial ban]], leading to the outbreak of war in [[1276]].<ref>Hywel Williams (2005). ''Cassell's Chronology of World History'', p. 147. {{ISBN|0-304-35730-8}}.</ref>
* The {{Lang|la|Congregatio Regni totius Sclavonie Generalis}}, with its decisions ({{Lang|la|statuta et constitutiones}}), is the oldest surviving document written by the [[Croatian parliament]] (or Sabor).

==== Middle East ====
* [[July]] &ndash; Mamluk forces under [[Baibars]] capture the last remaining stronghold of the [[Order of Assassins]] (''Hashashin'') sect, [[Al-Kahf Castle]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Lock|first=Peter|title=The Routledge Companion to the Crusades|publisher=Routledge|year=2013|isbn=9781135131371|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AkCKZ9Hs4-QC|page=117}}</ref>
* [[August]] &ndash; Mongol forces surround the castle of [[Al-Bira, Baysan|Al-Bira]]. Baibars skirts around the enemy with camels and wagons. He launches a devastating attack and routes the Mongols.<ref>Andrew Roberts (2011). ''Great Commanders of the Medieval World (454–1582)'', pp. 196–197. {{ISBN|978-0-85738-589-5}}.</ref>
* [[December]] &ndash; Followers of Persian poet and mystic [[Rumi]] establish the [[Mevlevi Order]] ("whirling dervishes") in the city of [[Konya]] (approximate date).

==== Asia ====
* [[March 14]] &ndash; [[Battle of Xiangyang]]: Chinese forces surrender to [[Kublai Khan]]'s general [[Aju]] (or Achu) after a 6-year siege. The battle is the first in which firearms are used in combat.
* In [[Korea]], the [[Sambyeolcho Rebellion]] against the [[Goryeo|Goryeo dynasty]] (a [[vassal state]] of the [[Yuan dynasty]]) ends as rebel forces are defeated.

=== By topic ===

==== Art and Science ====
* The ''Holy Redeemer'' [[khachkar]], believed to be one of the finest examples of that style of art, is carved in [[Haghpat]] (modern [[Armenia]]).

==== Economy ====
* Alfonso X creates and grants privileges to the [[Mesta]] to promote the [[Wool|wool industry]], protecting [[livestock]] owners and their animals in the [[Crown of Castile]].

==== Religion ====
* [[October 6]] &ndash; [[Thomas Aquinas]], Italian priest and theologian, writes ''[[Summa Theologica]]'', a master work of Catholic theology, leaving it [[Unfinished creative work|unfinished]], after having a [[Mysticism|mystical]] experience during [[Mass (liturgy)|mass]].
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[January 14]] &ndash; [[Joan I of Navarre]], queen of [[Kingdom of Navarre|Navarre]] (d. [[1305]])<ref>{{cite web|title=Joan I {{!}} Facts & Biography|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joan-I-queen-of-France|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=22 July 2018|language=en}}</ref>
* [[March 25]] &ndash; [[Henry Percy, 1st Baron Percy|Henry Percy]], English [[Nobility|nobleman]] and knight (d. [[1314]])
* [[July 22]] &ndash; [[Ewostatewos]], Ethiopian religious leader (d. [[1352]])
* [[November 24]] &ndash; [[Alphonso, Earl of Chester|Alphonso]], English prince and heir (d. [[1284]])
* [[Abulfeda]], Ayyubid prince, geographer and historian (d. [[1331]])
* [[Adam de Gordon, Lord of Gordon|Adam de Gordon]], Scottish statesman and knight (d. [[1333]])
* [[David VIII of Georgia|David VIII]], king of [[Kingdom of Georgia|Georgia]] ([[Bagrationi dynasty|House of Bagrationi]]) (d. [[1311]])
* [[Geoffrey I of Vianden]], Luxembourgian nobleman (d. [[1310]])
* [[Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry VII of Luxembrug]], Holy Roman Emperor (d. [[1313]])
* [[Ibn Adjurrum]], Marinid scholar and grammarian (d. [[1323]])
* [[Kujō Moronori]], Japanese nobleman and [[regent]] (d. [[1320]])
* [[Robert VIII Bertrand de Bricquebec|Robert Bertrand]], Norman nobleman and knight (d. [[1348]])
* [[Yolande of Aragon, Duchess of Calabria|Yolande of Aragon]], Spanish princess ([[Infante|''infanta'']]) (d. [[1302]])

== Deaths ==
* [[January 22]] &ndash; [[Muhammad I of Granada|Muhammad I]], Nasrid ruler of [[Emirate of Granada|Granada]] (b. [[1195]])
* [[January 25]] &ndash; [[Odo of Châteauroux]], French bishop (b. [[1190]])
* [[April 29]] &ndash; [[Al-Qurtubi]], Moorish scholar and writer  (b. [[1214]])
* [[June 13]] &ndash; [[Hōjō Masamura]], Japanese nobleman (b. [[1205]])
* [[July 8]] &ndash; [[Anno von Sangershausen]], German Grand Master
* [[September 15]] &ndash; [[Henry of Sandwich]], English bishop (b. 1204)
* [[September 30]] &ndash; [[Arsenios Autoreianos]], Byzantine patriarch
* [[October 9]] &ndash; [[Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Germany|Elisabeth of Bavaria]], queen of [[Kingdom of Germany|Germany]] (b. [[1227]])
* [[October 11]] &ndash; [[Hildebold of Wunstorf]], German archbishop
* [[October 18]] &ndash; [[George de Cantilupe]], English nobleman
* [[October 23]] &ndash; [[Adelaide of Burgundy, Duchess of Brabant|Adelaide of Burgundy]], French noblewoman
* [[December 17]] &ndash; [[Rumi]], Persian scholar and [[Mysticism|mystic]] (b. [[1207]])
* [[Ákos (chronicler)|Ákos]], Hungarian cleric, priest, chancellor and chronicler
* [[Albert Suerbeer]], German archbishop and prince-bishop
* [[Baldwin II, Latin Emperor|Baldwin of Courtenay]], emperor of the [[Latin Empire]] (b. [[1217]])
* [[George Elmacin]], Egyptian historian and writer (b. 1205)
* [[Ottaviano degli Ubaldini]], Italian bishop and cardinal (b. 1214)
* [[Robert de Keldeleth]], Scottish monk, [[abbot]] and chancellor
* [[Robert Walerand]], English nobleman, [[Seneschal of Gascony|seneschal]] and judge

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1273}}
[[Category:1273| ]]