Editing 1247

{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{About year|1247}}
{{Year nav|1247}}
{{C13 year in topic}} 
[[File:Vidal Mayor Primera recopil·lació dels Furs d'Aragó.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|King [[James I of Aragon]] (above) during a council led by the bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Huesca|Huesca]].]]
Year '''1247''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCCXLVII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Tuesday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===

==== Europe ====
* [[War of the Thuringian Succession]]: The claims on the [[Ludovingians]]' inheritance after the death of [[Henry Raspe]], landgrave of [[Thuringia]], leads to a dispute over the succession territories of Thuringia and [[Hesse]], between his niece [[Sophie of Thuringia, Duchess of Brabant|Sophie of Thuringia]] and her cousin [[Henry III, Margrave of Meissen|Henry III]] ("the Illustrious"), who claim the territories as fiefs of the [[Electorate of Mainz]]. 
* Rome becomes 2000 years old.
* [[July 2]] &ndash; King [[Béla IV of Hungary|Béla IV]] grants territories to the [[Knights Hospitaller]] in the [[Banate of Severin]] and Hungarian [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cumania|Cumania]] (according to a document called the [[Diploma of the Joannites]]), makes an early mention of [[Litovoi]] and other [[Vlachs|Vlach]]/Romanian local rulers, in [[Wallachia]] and [[Transylvania]].
* Summer &ndash; [[Siege of Seville]]: Castilian forces under King [[Ferdinand III of Castile|Ferdinand III]] ("the Saint") begin to besiege [[Seville]], the city is isolated and [[Ramón de Bonifaz]] sails with 13 galleys up the [[Guadalquivir|Guadalquivir River]] to scatter some 40 smaller Almohad ships trying to oppose him (with many destroyed).<ref>Joseph F. O'Callaghan (2004). ''Reconquest and crusade in Medieval Spain'', pp. 113–116. University of Pennsylvania Press. {{ISBN|978-0-8122-1889-3}}.</ref>
* [[December 1]] &ndash; A rebellion arises among the Muslim subjects in the region of [[Valencia]]. As a punishment, King [[James I of Aragon]] ("the Conqueror"), issues an order of expulsion of the Muslims from his realm, leading numerous people into exile in [[Kingdom of Granada|Andalusia]] and [[North Africa]].<ref name=negotiating>{{cite book|last=de Epalza|first=Miguel|title=Negotiating cultures: bilingual surrender treaties in Muslim-Crusader Spain under James the Conqueror|year=1999|publisher=Brill|isbn=90-04-11244-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IjFacnscoBIC&q=Treaty+of+Alcaraz+1243|page=108}}</ref>

==== Levant ====
* [[June 17]] &ndash; Egyptian forces under Sultan [[As-Salih Ayyub]] capture [[Tiberias]] and his castle. [[Mount Tabor]] and [[Belvoir Castle (Israel)|Belvoir Castle]] are occupied soon afterward. Next, Ayyub moves his army to siege [[Ascalon]] – which is defended by a garrison of Knights Hospitaller. They summon the help from [[Acre, Israel|Acre]] and [[Kingdom of Cyprus|Cyprus]].<ref>Irwin, Robert (1986). ''The Middle East in the Middle Ages: The Early Mamluk Sultanate, 1250–1382'', p. 19. Southern Illinois University Press/Croom Helm. {{ISBN|1-5974-0466-7}}.</ref>
* Summer &ndash; King [[Henry I of Cyprus|Henry I]] ("the Fat") sends a Cypriot squadron of 8 galleys with 100 knights led by [[Baldwin of Ibelin, Seneschal of Cyprus|Baldwin of Ibelin]], to Acre. With the support of the Italian colonists, they fitted out 7 more galleys and some 50 lighter ships, to relieve the siege at Ascalon – which is now blockaded by the Egyptian fleet.<ref>[[Steven Runciman]] (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre'', p. 191. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29877-0}}.</ref>
* The Egyptian fleet (some 20 galleys) confronts the Crusader ships led by Baldwin of Ibelin at Ascalon. But before contact is made, it is caught in a sudden Mediterranean storm. Many of the Muslim ships are driven ashore and wrecked; the survivors sail back to [[Egypt in the Middle Ages|Egypt]].
* [[October 15]] &ndash; Egyptian forces under As-Salih Ayyub capture Ascalon by surprise – while a battering-ram forces a passageway under the walls right into the citadel. Most of the defenders are massacred, and the remainder of the garrison is taken prisoner.<ref>Steven Runciman (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre'', p. 192. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29877-0}}.</ref>

==== British Isles ====
* [[Battle of Ballyshannon (1247)|Battle of Ballyshannon]]: Norman forces under [[Maurice FitzGerald, 2nd Lord of Offaly|Maurice FitzGerald]] defeat a Gaelic army near [[Ballyshannon]] in northern [[Ireland]]. After the battle, the entire country of [[County Donegal|Donegal]] is devastated and plundered by the Normans.
* The [[Bethlem Royal Hospital]] is founded in [[London]] during the reign of King [[Henry III of England|Henry III]].
* [[Romford]] (located within [[Greater London]]) is chartered as a market town.

==== Asia ====
* The [[Hōjō clan]] under [[Hōjō Tokiyori]] destroys the [[Miura clan|Miura]] family; and in so doing, the clan consolidates its authority as [[regent]]s in Japan.

=== By topic ===

==== Mathematics ====
* [[Qin Jiushao]], Chinese mathematician, writes the ''[[Mathematical Treatise in Nine Sections]]''.

==== Medicine ====
* [[Song Ci]] publishes the ''[[Collected Cases of Injustice Rectified]]'', a book considered to be the first monographic work on [[forensic medicine]].</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[Angelo da Clareno]], Italian priest and religious leader (d. [[1337]])
* [[Isabelle of Luxembourg]], countess of [[County of Flanders|Flanders]] (d. [[1298]])
* [[John II, Count of Holland|John II Avesnes]], count of [[County of Hainaut|Hainaut]] and [[County of Holland|Holland]] (d. [[1304]])
* [[John of Montecorvino]], Italian diplomat and bishop (d. [[1328]])
* [[Philippe de Rémi (died 1296)|Philippe de Rémi]], French official and [[seneschal]] (d. [[1296]])
* [[Rashid al-Din Hamadani|Rashid al-Din]], Persian statesman and historian (d. [[1318]])
* [[Robert FitzWalter, 1st Baron FitzWalter|Robert FitzWalter]], English [[Nobility|nobleman]] and knight (d. [[1326]])
* [[Todros ben Judah Halevi Abulafia]], Castilian Jewish poet
* [[Yishan Yining]], Chinese monk and calligrapher (d. [[1317]])
* [[Yolande II, Countess of Nevers|Yolande II of Nevers]], French noblewoman (d. [[1280]])

== Deaths ==
* [[February 12]] &ndash; [[Ermesinde, Countess of Luxembourg|Ermesinde]], countess of [[Luxembourg]] (b. [[1186]])
* [[February 16]] &ndash; [[Henry Raspe, Landgrave of Thuringia|Henry Raspe]], landgrave of [[Thuringia]] (b. [[1204]])
* [[February 25]] &ndash; [[Henry IV, Duke of Limburg|Henry IV]], duke of [[Duchy of Limburg|Limburg]] ([[House of Limburg]])
* [[May 9]] &ndash; [[Richard de Bures]], French knight and [[Grand master (order)|Grand Master]]
* [[June 10]] &ndash; [[Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada]], Spanish bishop (b. [[1170]])
* [[July 8]] &ndash; [[Mōri Suemitsu]], Japanese nobleman and [[samurai]] (b. [[1202]])
* [[August 31]] &ndash; [[Konrad I of Masovia]], Polish nobleman ([[Piast dynasty|House of Piast]])
* [[November 5]] &ndash; [[Ogasawara Nagatsune]], Japanese samurai (b. [[1179]])
* [[December 21]] &ndash; [[Roger of Salisbury (bishop of Bath and Wells)|Roger of Salisbury]], bishop of [[Diocese of Bath and Wells|Bath and Wells]]
* [[December 24]] &ndash; [[Shōkū]], Japanese [[Buddhism in Japan|Buddhist]] disciple (b. [[1177]])
* ''unknown date'' &ndash; [[Śārṅgadeva]], Indian scholar, [[Musicology|musicologist]] and writer (b. [[1175]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Mohan Lal|title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Sasay to Zorgot |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KnPoYxrRfc0C&pg=PA3987 |year=1992|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=978-81-260-1221-3|page=3987}}</ref>
* ''probable'' &ndash; [[William de Ferrers, 4th Earl of Derby]], English nobleman and knight (b. [[1168]])<ref>{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Ferrers|volume=10|page=286}}</ref>

== References ==
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