Editing 1233

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|1233}}
{{Year nav|1233}}
{{C13 year in topic}} 
[[File:Henri Ier, roi de Chypre, reçoit un messager.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|[[Henry I of Cyprus]] receives a message]]
Year '''1233''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCCXXXIII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Saturday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===

==== Europe ====
* [[War of the Lombards]]: Lombard forces at [[Kyrenia]] surrender to [[John of Ibelin, the Old Lord of Beirut|John of Beirut]], after a 10-month siege. The defenders, with their personal belongings, are allowed to retire to [[Tyre, Lebanon|Tyre]].  Captured prisoners are exchanged for those held by [[Richard Filangieri]], commander of the Lombards, at Tyre. [[Kingdom of Cyprus|Cyprus]] is wholly restored under the rule of the 16-year-old King [[Henry I of Cyprus|Henry I]] ("the Fat"). His vassals are rewarded, and loans that they have made are repaid.<ref>Steven Runciman (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre'', pp. 169–170. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29877-0}}.</ref> 
* [[August 20]] &ndash; [[Oath of Bereg]]: King [[Andrew II of Hungary]] vows to the [[Holy See]] that he will not employ [[Jews in Hungary|Jews]] and [[Böszörmény|Muslims]] to administer royal revenues, which causes diplomatic complaints and ecclesiastical [[Censure (Catholic canon law)|censure]]s.<ref>{{cite book |last=Berend |first=Nora |year=2001|title=''At the Gate of Christendom: Jews, Muslims and "Pagans" in Medieval Hungary,'' c. ''1000''-c.''1300'' |page=158 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-02720-5}}
</ref>
* Winter &ndash; [[Reconquista]]: King [[Ferdinand III of Castile]] ("the Saint") conquers the cities of [[Trujillo, Cáceres|Trujillo]] and [[Úbeda]]. The Castilian army besieges the city of [[Peniscola]]. Ferdinand forces [[Ibn Hud]], ruler of the [[Taifa of Zaragoza]], to sign a truce.<ref name=JMC>{{cite book|last=Lourie|first=Elena|title=Jews, Muslims, and Christians in and around the Crown of Aragon: essays in honour of Professor Elena Lourie|year=2004|publisher=Brill|isbn=90-04-12951-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6TdP6b3f-TIC&q=christian+mercenaries+maghrib|page=270}}{{Dead link|date=July 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

==== England ====
* [[August]] &ndash; [[Richard Marshal, 3rd Earl of Pembroke|Richard Marshal]], 3rd [[Earl of Pembroke]], signs an alliance with [[Llywelyn the Great]], to join forces to revolt against King [[Henry III of England|Henry III]]. Richard is faced by demands from royal bailiffs in September – where the garrison of [[Usk Castle]] is forced to surrender.
* [[November]] &ndash; Henry III's army camped at [[Grosmont Castle]] is attacked in the night, by a force of Welsh and English rebels. Several of Henry's supporters are captured, and the castle is returned to  [[Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent|Hubert de Burgh]], one of the rebels.

==== Mongol Empire ====
* [[May 29]] &ndash; [[Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty|Mongol–Jin War]]: The Mongol army led by [[Ögedei Khan]] captures [[Kaifeng]], capital of the [[Jin dynasty (1115–1234)|Jin dynasty]] ('Great Jin'), after the 13-month [[Siege of Kaifeng (1232)]]. The Mongols plunder the city, while [[Emperor Aizong of Jin]] flees for the town of [[Cai Prefecture|Caizhou]]. Meanwhile, Ögedei departs and leaves the final conquest to his favoured general, [[Subutai]].
* [[December]] &ndash; [[Siege of Caizhou]]: The Mongols under Ögedei Khan besiege Caizhou and ally themselves with the Chinese [[Song dynasty]] to eliminate the Jin Dynasty.

=== By topic ===

==== Cities and Towns ====
* [[Gendt]] receives its [[City rights in the Low Countries|city rights]] from [[Otto II, Count of Guelders|Otto II]] ("the Lame"), count of [[Guelders]] (modern [[Netherlands]]).

==== Religion ====
* [[Pope Gregory IX]] establishes the [[Medieval Inquisition|Papal Inquisition]], to regularize the persecution of [[heresy]].</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* June/July &ndash; [[Ibn Manzur]], Arab lexicographer and writer (d. [[1312]])
* [[August 15]] &ndash; [[Philip Benizi de Damiani]], Italian religious leader (d. [[1285]])
* October &ndash; [[Al-Nawawi]], Syrian scholar, jurist and writer (d. [[1277]])
* [[Adelaide of Burgundy, Duchess of Brabant|Adelaide of Burgundy]], duchess of [[Duchy of Brabant|Brabant]] (d. [[1273]])
* [[Choe Ui]], Korean military leader and dictator (d. [[1258]])
* [[Ibn al-Quff]], Ayyubid physician and surgeon (d. [[1286]])
* [[Sancho of Castile (bishop)|Sancho of Castile]], archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toledo|Toledo]] (d. [[1261]])

== Deaths ==
* [[January 6]] &ndash; [[Matilda of Chester, Countess of Huntingdon]] (or Maud), English noblewoman (b. [[1171]])
* [[January 18]] &ndash; [[Empress Yang (Song dynasty)|Yang]] (or Gongsheng), Chinese empress (b. [[1162]])
* [[February 12]] &ndash; [[Ermengarde de Beaumont]], queen of [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]]
* [[March 1]] &ndash; [[Thomas, Count of Savoy|Thomas I]] (or Tommaso), count of [[Savoy]] (b. [[1178]])
* May &ndash; [[Simon of Joinville]], French nobleman and knight (b. 1175)
* June &ndash; [[Yolanda de Courtenay]], queen consort of [[Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)|Hungary]] 
* [[July 8]] &ndash; [[Konoe Motomichi]], Japanese [[Nobility|nobleman]] (b. [[1160]])
* [[July 26]] &ndash; [[Wilbrand of Oldenburg]], prince-bishop of [[Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht|Utrecht]] 
* [[July 27]] &ndash; [[Ferdinand, Count of Flanders|Ferdinand]] (or Ferrand), count of [[County of Flanders|Flanders]] (b. [[1188]])
* [[July 29]] &ndash; [[Savari de Mauléon]], French nobleman (b. [[1181]])
* [[July 30]] &ndash; [[Konrad von Marburg]], German priest (b. [[1180]])
* [[October 8]] &ndash; [[Ugo Canefri]], Italian health worker (b. [[1148]])
* [[October 22]] &ndash; [[Fujiwara no Shunshi]], Japanese empress consort (b. [[1209]])
* [[November 22]] &ndash; [[Helena of Denmark|Helena]], duchess of [[Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg|Brunswick-Lüneburg]]
* [[November 27]] &ndash; [[Shi Miyuan]], Chinese politician (b. [[1164]])
* [[Ibn al-Athir]], Seljuk historian and biographer (b. 1160)
* [[Bertran de Born lo Filhs]], French [[troubadour]] (b. [[1179]])
* [[Bohemond IV of Antioch|Bohemond IV]] ("the One-Eyed"), prince of [[Principality of Antioch|Antioch]] (b. [[1175]])
* [[Gökböri]] ("Blue-Wolf"), Ayyubid general and ruler (b. [[1154]])
* [[Guillén Pérez de Guzmán]], Spanish nobleman (b. 1180)
* [[John Apokaukos]], Byzantine bishop and theologian 
* [[Mathilde of Angoulême]], French noblewoman (b. 1181)
* [[Sayf al-Din al-Amidi]], Ayyubid scholar and jurist (b. [[1156]])
* [[William Comyn, Lord of Badenoch|William Comyn]], Scoto-Norman nobleman (b. [[1163]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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