Editing 1225

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
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[[File:Hochzeit Friedrichs mit Isabella von Brienne.JPG|upright=1.35|thumb|[[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick II]] marries Queen [[Isabella II of Jerusalem|Yolande]]]]
Year '''1225''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCCXXV]]''') was a [[common year starting on Wednesday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===

==== Mongol Empire ====
* Autumn &ndash; [[Subutai]] is assigned a new campaign by [[Genghis Khan]] against the [[Tangut people|Tanguts]]. He crosses the [[Gobi Desert]] with a Mongol army and advances south into the [[Western Xia]] (or '''Xi Xia'''). Meanwhile, Genghis, in his mid-sixties, becomes wounded during hunting. His injury – a dislocated shoulder, perhaps, or a bruised rib – forces him to take some rest.<ref>John Man (2011). ''Genghis Khan: Life, Death and Resurrection'', p. 242. {{ISBN|978-0-553-81498-9}}.</ref> 
* [[Iltutmish]], Ghurid ruler of the [[Delhi Sultanate]], repels a Mongol attack and invades [[Bengal]]. His rival, [[Iwaz Khalji|Ghiyasuddin]], leads an army to halt Iltutmish's advance, but decides to avoid a conflict by paying him tribute and accepting his suzerainty.<ref>[[Peter Jackson (historian)|Jackson, Peter]] (2003). ''The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History'', p. 36. Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-521-54329-3}}.</ref>

==== Europe ====
* [[July 25]] &ndash; Emperor [[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick II]] takes an oath at [[Sixth Crusade#The Agreement of San Germano|San Germano]] (near [[Cassino]]) and promises to depart on a Crusade (the [[Sixth Crusade]]), for the [[Near East]] in August [[1227]]. He sends 1000 knights to the [[Levant]] and provides [[Rome]] with 100,000 ounces of gold, to be forfeited to the [[Catholic Church]] should he break his vow. These funds will be returned to Frederick once he arrives at [[Acre, Israel|Acre]].<ref>[[Steven Runciman]] (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre'', p. 149. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29877-0}}.</ref>
* [[November 9]] &ndash; Frederick II marries the 14-year-old Queen [[Isabella II of Jerusalem|Yolande]], heiress to the kingdom of [[Kingdom of Jerusalem|Jerusalem]], and adds the [[Crusader states|Crusader States]] to his dominions.<ref>Steven Runciman (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre'', p. 147. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29877-0}}.</ref>
* [[November 29]] &ndash; The 12-year-old [[Henry (VII) of Germany|Henry VII]], by order of his father Frederick II, marries [[Margaret of Austria, Queen of Bohemia|Margaret of Austria]], daughter of Duke [[Leopold VI, Duke of Austria|Leopold VI]] ('''the Glorious''').
* The [[Teutonic Order|Teutonic Knights]] are expelled from [[Transylvania]] by King [[Andrew II of Hungary|Andrew II]], because they wanted to separate from [[Kingdom of Hungary|Hungary]].

==== England ====
* [[February 11]] &ndash; The [[Charter of the Forest]] is restored to its traditional rights by King [[Henry III of England|Henry III]]. 'Free men' are allowed to find pasture for their pigs, collect firewood, graze animals, or cut turf for fuel. At this time, however, only about 10 percent of the population is 'free', the rest are locked into service to a local landowner, some of them little more than slaves.<ref>Rothwell, Harry (1995). ''English Historical Documents 1189–1327'', p. 347. {{ISBN|978-0-415-14368-4}}.</ref>
* The [[Magna Carta]] is reaffirmed (for the third time) by Henry III, in return for issuing a property tax. It becomes the definitive version of the text.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/135|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/135 135–137]}}</ref>

==== Middle East ====
* Summer &ndash; [[Battle of Garni]]: Khwarezmid forces led by [[Jalal al-Din Mangburni]] defeat the Georgian army (some 70,000 men) at [[Garni]]. The royal court of Queen [[Rusudan of Georgia|Rusudan]] moves to [[Kutaisi]], while the Georgian capital [[Tbilisi]] is besieged by the Khwarezmians.
* July 25 &ndash; Jalal al-Din Mangburni dethrones [[Muzaffar al-Din Uzbek]], ruler (''[[atabeg]]'') of the [[Eldiguzids]], and sets himself up in the capital of [[Tabriz]] (modern [[Iran]]).
* [[October 5]] &ndash; Caliph [[Al-Nasir]] dies from [[dysentery]] at [[Baghdad]] after a 45-year reign. He is succeeded by his son [[Al-Zahir bi-Amr Allah|Al-Zahir]] as ruler of the [[Abbasid Caliphate]].

==== Levant ====
* The 8-year-old [[Henry I of Cyprus|Henry I]] ('''the Fat''') is crowned as king of [[Kingdom of Cyprus|Cyprus]] in the [[Selimiye Mosque, Nicosia|Cathedral of Saint Sophia]] at [[Nicosia]]. His uncle [[Philip of Ibelin (1180–1227)|Philip of Ibelin]] orders the coronation, so that when Henry comes of age at fifteen a regency could not be prolonged on the ground that he is not yet crowned.<ref>Steven Runciman (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre'', p. 151. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29877-0}}.</ref>

==== Asia ====
* [[December 31]] &ndash; [[Lý Chiêu Hoàng]], only [[empress regnant]] in the [[history of Vietnam]], marries [[Trần Thái Tông]], making him the first ruler of the [[Trần dynasty]].

=== By topic ===

==== Religion ====
* [[May 10]] &ndash; [[Gerold of Lausanne]], French bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Valence|Valence]], becomes the new Latin patriarch of [[Jerusalem]] (until [[1239]]).
* [[June 10]] &ndash; [[Pope Honorius III]] issues the bull [[Vineae Domini custodes]] in which he approves [[Catholic Church in Morocco#Middle Ages|the mission of two friars to Morocco]]. The bull is reissued in October when Honorius III exhorts the [[Dominican Order|Dominican]] and [[Franciscan order]] to participate in that mission.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fonnesberg-Schmidt |first1=Iben |title=The Popes and the Baltic Crusades: 1147-1254 |date=2007 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-15502-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TKCAvDd2JHYC |access-date=5 May 2024 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[July 27]] &ndash; [[Visby Cathedral]] in [[Sweden]] is consecrated.
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[Amato Ronconi]], Italian [[Nobility|nobleman]] and monk (d. [[1292]])
* [[Beatrice of Bohemia]], German noblewoman (d. [[1290]])
* [[Beatrice of Brabant]], countess of [[County of Flanders|Flanders]] (d. [[1288]])
* [[Chabi]], Mongol empress and wife of [[Kublai Khan]] (d. [[1281]]) 
* [[David VI Narin]] ('''the Clever'''), king of [[Kingdom of Georgia|Georgia]] (d. [[1293]])
* [[Franciscus Accursius]], Italian lawyer and jurist (d. 1293)
* [[Fujiwara no Kitsushi]], Japanese empress (d. 1292)
* [[Gaston VII, Viscount of Béarn|Gaston VII]] ('''Froissard'''), viscount of [[Béarn]] (d. 1290)
* [[Guido Guinizelli]], Italian poet and writer (d. [[1276]])
* [[Guigues VII of Viennois|Guigues VII]], ruler (''[[Dauphin of France|dauphin]]'') of [[Vienne, Isère|Viennois]] (d. [[1269]])
* [[Saionji Kisshi]], Japanese empress consort (d. 1292)
* [[Sanchia of Provence]], queen of [[Kingdom of Germany|Germany]] (d. [[1261]])
* [[Thomas Aquinas]], Italian friar and theologian (d. [[1274]])
* [[Todros ben Joseph Abulafia]], Spanish [[rabbi]] (d. [[1285]])
* [[Walter Giffard]], English Lord Chancellor (d. [[1279]])

== Deaths ==
* [[January 3]] &ndash; [[Adolf III of Holstein]], German nobleman (b. [[1160]])
* [[February 18]] &ndash; [[Hugh Bigod, 3rd Earl of Norfolk|Hugh Bigod]], English nobleman (b. [[1182]])
* [[March 30]] &ndash; [[Gertrude of Dagsburg]], French noblewoman
* [[May 6]] &ndash; [[John of Fountains]], English [[prelate]] and bishop 
* [[June 8]] &ndash; [[Sabrisho IV]], patriarch of the [[Church of the East]]
* [[June 21]] &ndash; [[Conrad of Krosigk]], German prelate and bishop 
* [[July 16]] &ndash; [[Ōe no Hiromoto]], Japanese nobleman (b. [[1148]])
* [[August 16]] &ndash; [[Hōjō Masako]], Japanese noblewoman (b. [[1156]])
* [[August 24]] &ndash; [[Adelardo Cattaneo]], Italian cardinal and bishop
* [[September 16]] &ndash; [[Rainier of Antioch]], Latin cleric and patriarch
* [[September 17]] &ndash; [[William VI, Marquis of Montferrat|William VI]], marquis of [[March of Montferrat|Montferrat]] (b. [[1173]])
* [[September 29]] &ndash; [[Arnaud Amalric]], French [[abbot]] and bishop
* [[October 5]] &ndash; [[Al-Nasir]], caliph of the [[Abbasid Caliphate]] (b. [[1158]])
* [[October 28]] &ndash; [[Jien]], Japanese poet and historian (b. [[1155]])
* [[November 7]] &ndash; [[Engelbert II of Berg]], archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cologne|Cologne]]
* [[Ahmad al-Buni]], Almohad mathematician and [[Sufism|Sufi]] writer
* [[Al-Afdal ibn Salah ad-Din]], ruler of [[Damascus]] (b. [[1169]])
* [[Bernard Itier]], French librarian and chronicler (b. [[1163]])
* [[Eliezer ben Joel HaLevi]], German rabbi and writer (b. [[1140]])
* [[Geoffrey de Neville (died 1225)|Geoffrey de Neville]], English nobleman and [[seneschal]]
* [[Ghabdula Chelbir]] (or '''Chelbir'''), ruler of [[Volga Bulgaria]]
* [[Ivane of Akhaltsikhe]], Georgian nobleman and courtier
* [[Lamberto Visconti di Eldizio]], Sardinian ruler of [[Judge of Gallura|Gallura]]
* [[Margaret of Louvain]], Flemish servant and saint (b. [[1207]]) 
* [[Muzaffar al-Din Uzbek]], ruler (''[[atabeg]]'') of the [[Eldiguzids]]
* [[Urso of Calabria]], Italian scholar, philosopher and writer
* [[William the Breton]], French chronicler (approximate date)
* [[Zhao Hong (Song dynasty)|Zhao Hong]], Chinese prince and [[heir apparent]] (b. 1207)

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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