Editing 1207

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{Year dab|1207}}
{{Year nav|1207}}
{{C13 year in topic}} 
[[File:I Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev Meret Öwezov Antalya.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|Statue of [[Kaykhusraw I]] (r. 1192–1211)]]
Year '''1207''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCCVII]]''') was a common year starting on Monday ([[common year starting on Monday|full calendar]]) under the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>
=== By place ===

==== Byzantine Empire ====
* Spring &ndash; [[Siege of Antalya|Siege of Attalia]]: Seljuk forces led by Sultan [[Kaykhusraw I]] besiege the city port of Attalia (modern-day [[Antalya]]) with siege machines. After a siege of more than 2 months, the city is captured, Kaykhusraw allows his forces 3 days of looting and slaughtering. The capture of the port gives the Seljuk Turks a major path into the [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]].
* [[September 4]] &ndash; [[Battle of Messinopolis]]: Latin forces under [[Boniface I, Marquis of Montferrat|Boniface of Montferrat]] are ambushed and defeated at [[Mosynopolis|Messinopolis]]. Boniface is killed and his head is sent to [[Kaloyan of Bulgaria|Kaloyan]], ruler (''[[tsar]]'') of the [[Second Bulgarian Empire|Bulgarian Empire]]. Seeking to take advantage of the situation, Kaloyan besieges [[Thessalonica]]. In October, he dies under mysterious circumstances.<ref>John V. A. Fine, Jr. (1994). ''The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest'', pp. 87–91. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. {{ISBN|0-472-08260-4}}.</ref>

==== Europe ====
* [[February 2]] &ndash; [[Terra Mariana]] (or Medieval Livonia), comprising modern-day [[Estonia]] and [[Latvia]], is established as a principality of the [[Holy Roman Empire]]. During its existence there is a constant struggle over supremacy between the lands ruled by the [[Teutonic Order]], the secular German nobility, and the citizens of the [[Hanseatic League|Hanseatic]] towns of [[Riga]] and [[Tallinn|Reval]].
* Prince [[Mstislav Mstislavich]] ("the Daring") clashes with his uncle [[Rurik Rostislavich]], Grand Prince of [[Principality of Kiev|Kiev]], and is forced to surrender the town of [[Torchesk]] (a major centre of resistance against [[Cumans|Polovtsian]] raids).<ref>David Nicolle & Viacheslav Shpakovsky (2001). Osprey: Campaign Nr. 98: ''Kalka River 1223. Genghis Khan's Mongols invade Russia'', p. 19. {{ISBN|1-84176-233-4}}.</ref>
* [[Pope Innocent III]] declares for King [[Philip of Swabia]] as [[Holy Roman Emperor]], a reversal of his previous support for Philip's rival [[Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto IV]]. 

==== England ====
* [[John, King of England]] ("Lackland") introduces the first income tax. One-thirteenth of income from rents and moveable property has to be paid. Collected locally by sheriffs and administered by the [[Exchequer]], the tax is unpopular with the English nobility and especially in the churches and monasteries, but does raise a lot of money for John, doubling his annual income for the year.
* [[May 24]] &ndash; John still refuses to accept [[Stephen Langton]] as archbishop; Innocent III threatens to place [[Kingdom of England|England]] under an [[Interdict]]. In response, John confiscates church property. Many of the English bishops of the great churches in the country flee abroad to the [[Continental Europe|Continent]].
* November &ndash; [[Leeds]], a market town in [[West Yorkshire]], receives its first charter (approximate date).

==== Asia ====
* [[Jochi]], eldest son of [[Genghis Khan]], subjugates people of the Siberian forest ([[taiga]]); the [[Uriankhai]], the [[Oirats]], the [[Barga Mongols|Barga]], the [[Khakas people|Khakas]], the [[Buryats]], and the [[Tuvans]], extending the northern border of the [[Mongol Empire]].
* [[Hōnen]] and his followers of the [[Pure Land Buddhism|Pure Land]] sect are persecuted and exiled to remote parts of [[Japan]], while a few are executed, for what the government considers heretical [[Buddhism in Japan|Buddhist]] teachings.<ref>Hywel Williams (2005). '' Cassell's Chronology of World History'', p.133. {{ISBN|0-304-35730-8}}.</ref>
* Before 1207 &ndash; Kosho writes ''Kuya Preaching'', during the [[Kamakura period]] (it is later kept at [[Rokuharamitsu-ji]] Temple in [[Kyoto]]).
* [[October 7]] &ndash; The [[Indramayu Regency]] in [[Nusantara (archipelago)|Nusantara]] is established.

=== By topic ===

==== Economy ====
* The first documentary evidence of forced loans in [[Republic of Venice|Venice]]. This technique becomes the staple of public finance in [[Europe]], until the 16th century.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Munro|first=John H.|title=The Medieval Origins of the Financial Revolution|journal=The International History Review|year=2003|volume=15|issue=3|pages=506–562}}</ref>

==== Religion ====
* [[June 17]] &ndash; Stephen Langton is consecrated as archbishop of [[Diocese of Canterbury|Canterbury]] in England by Innocent III at [[Viterbo]].<ref>Bartlett, Robert (2000). ''England under the Norman and Angevin Kings: 1075–1225'', pp. 404–405. Oxford: Clarendon Press. {{ISBN|0-19-822741-8}}.</ref></onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[July 7]] &ndash; [[Elizabeth of Hungary]], Hungarian princess (d. [[1231]])
* [[August 13]] &ndash; [[Malik ibn al-Murahhal]], Moroccan poet (d. [[1299]])
* [[September 30]] &ndash; [[Rumi]], Persian scholar and [[Mysticism|mystic]] (d. [[1273]])
* [[October 1]] &ndash; [[Henry III of England|Henry III]] (of Winchester), English king (d. [[1272]])
* [[Adelasia of Torres]], Italian [[Nobility|noblewoman]] and judge (d. [[1259]])
* [[Canute, Duke of Estonia|Canute]] (or Knud Valdemarsen), duke of [[Duchy of Estonia (1219–1346)|Estonia]] (d. [[1260]])
* [[Elen ferch Llywelyn]] (the Elder), Welsh princess, countess in England (d. [[1253]])
* [[Fujiwara no Akiuji]], Japanese nobleman and poet (d. [[1274]])
* [[Fujiwara no Ariko]], Japanese empress consort (d. [[1286]])
* [[Gilbert Marshal, 4th Earl of Pembroke|Gilbert Marshal]], English nobleman and knight (d. [[1241]])
* [[Henry II, Duke of Brabant]], Dutch nobleman ([[Reginarids|House of Reginar]]) (d. [[1248]])
* [[Jakuen]], Japanese [[Buddhism in Japan|Buddhist]] monk and scholar (d. 1299)
* [[John of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon|John of Scotland]], Scottish nobleman and knight (d. [[1237]])
* [[Margaret of Louvain]], Flemish servant and saint (d. 1237)
* [[Ottone Visconti]], Italian nobleman and archbishop (d. [[1295]])
* [[Philip I, Count of Savoy]], French nobleman (d. [[1285]])
* [[Raymond II Trencavel]] (or Raimond), French nobleman (d. [[1263]])
* [[Sadr al-Din al-Qunawi]], Persian philosopher (d. 1274)
* [[Vladislaus II of Moravia|Vladislaus II]], Bohemian nobleman and knight (d. [[1227]])

== Deaths ==
* [[February 7]] &ndash; [[Sambor I, Duke of Pomerania|Sambor I]], duke of [[Pomerelia|Pomerania]] (b. [[1150]])
* [[March 1]] &ndash; [[Fernando Afonso of Portugal|Fernando Afonso]], Portuguese [[Grand Master (order)|Grand Master]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Delaville Le Roulx|first=Joseph|author-link=Joseph Delaville Le Roulx|title=Les Hospitaliers en Terre Sainte et à Chypre (1100-1310)|year=1904|publisher=E. Leroux, Paris|url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100681032/Home|page=101}}</ref>
* [[May 3]] &ndash; [[Fujiwara no Kanezane]], Japanese nobleman 
* [[May 7]] &ndash; [[Abdul Razzaq Gilani]], Persian jurist (b. [[1134]])
* [[June 6]] &ndash; [[Gerardo dei Tintori]], Italian mystic (b. 1134)
* [[June 13]] &ndash; [[Empress Xie (Xiaozong)|Xie]], Chinese empress consort (b. [[1135]])
* [[June 19]] &ndash; [[Ubaldo Lanfranchi]], Italian archbishop
* [[August 21]] &ndash; [[Simon of Wells]], bishop of [[Diocese of Chichester|Chichester]]
* [[September 4]]
** [[Boniface I, Marquis of Montferrat|Boniface I of Montferrat]], Italian nobleman 
** [[Raimbaut de Vaqueiras]], French [[troubadour]]
* October &ndash; [[Kaloyan of Bulgaria|Kaloyan]], ruler (''[[tsar]]'') of the [[Second Bulgarian Empire|Bulgarian Empire]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Madgearu |first=Alexandru |year=2016 |title=The Asanids: The Political and Military History of the Second Bulgarian Empire, 1185–1280 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-9-004-32501-2 | page=153}}</ref>
* [[October 3]] &ndash; [[Xin Qiji]], Chinese general and poet (b. [[1140]])
* [[November 3]] &ndash; [[Hartwig of Uthlede|Hartwig II]], German archbishop
* [[November 24]] &ndash; [[Han Tuozhou]], Chinese statesman (b. [[1152]])
*''unknown date'' &ndash; [[Amalric of Bena]], French theologian and mystic
*''probable''
** [[Bona of Pisa]], Italian nun and mystic (b. [[1156]])
** [[David Soslan]], Alanian prince and [[Prince consort#King consort|king consort]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EkEOAQAAMAAJ|title=Women in World History: Sul-Vica|last=Commire|first=Anne|last2=Klezmer|first2=Deborah|date=2002|publisher=Yorkin Publications|isbn=9780787640743|pages=144|language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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