Editing 1192

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|1192}}
{{Year nav|1192}}
{{C12 year in topic}}Year '''1192''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCXCII]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Wednesday]] of the [[Julian calendar]], the 1192nd year of the [[Common Era]] (CE) and [[Anno Domini]] (AD) designations, the 192nd year of the [[2nd millennium]], the 92nd year of the [[12th century]], and the 3rd year of the [[1190s]] decade.

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>
* [[January 7]] – [[Venus]] [[occultation|occults]] [[Jupiter]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.projectpluto.com/mut_pln.htm#mutual_planetary|title=Assorted planetary/lunar events: Mutual planetary events, -1000 to +6000|date=17 August 1998|website=www.projectpluto.com|access-date=2019-03-29}}</ref>
* [[April 28]] – [[Conrad of Montferrat]] (Conrad I), [[Kings of Jerusalem|King of Jerusalem]], is assassinated in [[Tyre (Lebanon)|Tyre]], only days after his title to the [[throne]] is confirmed by election. The killing is carried out by [[Hashshashin]], later the basis of folk etymology for the English word "[[assassin]]."<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V2PisfCC7gkC&q=1192+Conrad+of+Montferrat&pg=PA72|title=The Assassin Legends: Myths of the Isma'ilis|last1=Daftary|first1=Farhad|last2=Sacy|first2=Antoine Isaac Baron Silvestre de|publisher=I.B. Tauris|year=1994|isbn=9781850437055|location=London, New York|pages=72|language=en}}</ref>
* [[August 21]] – [[Minamoto no Yoritomo]] is granted the title of ''[[shōgun]]'', thereby officially establishing the first [[shogunate]] in the [[history of Japan]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i0ni1NmbYe0C&q=1192+Minamoto+no+Yoritomo&pg=PA37|title=Handbook to Life in Medieval and Early Modern Japan|last=Deal|first=William E.|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2007|isbn=9780195331264|location=Oxford, New York|pages=37|language=en|orig-year=2005}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9pk-CgAAQBAJ&q=1192+Minamoto+no+Yoritomo&pg=PA135|title=Creatures Real and Imaginary in Chinese and Japanese Art: An Identification Guide|last1=Krenner|first1=Walther G. von|last2=Jeremiah|first2=Ken|publisher=McFarland|year=2015|isbn=9781476619583|location=Jefferson, NC|pages=135–136|language=en}}</ref>
*[[Margaritus of Brindisi]] is created the first [[Count of Malta]] for capturing [[Constance I of Sicily|Constance, Holy Roman Empress]] in 1191.
*[[Second Battle of Tarain]] in [[India]]: The [[Ghurid Empire|Ghurid]] forces of [[Mu'izz al-Din]] are victorious over [[Prithviraj Chauhan]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cWmsQQ2smXIC&q=1192+Prithviraj+Chauhan&pg=PA210|title=History of Ancient India: Earliest Times to 1000 A. D.|last=Chaurasia|first=Radhey Shyam|publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist|year=2008|isbn=9788126900275|location=New Delhi|pages=210|language=en}}</ref>
* The [[Lugouqiao]] (later the Marco Polo) Bridge is completed in [[Beijing]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TMMvxX67FpIC&q=1192+marco+polo+bridge&pg=PA286|title=The Search for a Vanishing Beijing: A Guide to China's Capital Through the Ages|last=Aldrich|first=M. A.|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|year=2006|isbn=9789622097773|location=Hong Kong|pages=286|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Constance I of Sicily|Constance, Holy Roman Empress]] is released by [[Tancred, King of Sicily]] under the pressure of [[Pope]] [[Celestine III]] in [[May]], and returns to Germany in [[June]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OiTUAwAAQBAJ&q=1192+constance+tancred&pg=PA317|title=History of the Church|last=Hughes|first=Philip|publisher=A&C Black|year=1979|isbn=9780722079829|volume=2: The Church In The World The Church Created: Augustine To Aquinas|location=London|pages=317|language=en|orig-year=1935}}</ref>
* Prince Yaroslav Vladimirovich of [[Novgorod Republic|Novgorod]] burns down [[Tartu]] and [[Otepää]] Castles, in [[Estonia]].</onlyinclude>

=== The Third Crusade ===

* [[August 5]] &ndash; [[Battle of Jaffa (1192)|Battle of Jaffa]]: [[Richard I of England]] defeats the forces of [[Saladin]] and ends hostilities, paving the way for a truce.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b-JADgAAQBAJ&q=jaffa|title=The Chronicle of the Third Crusade: A Translation of the Itinerarium Peregrinorum et Gesta Regis Ricardi|last=Nicholson|first=Helen J.|publisher=Routledge|year=2001|isbn=9781351892780|location=London and New York|language=en|orig-year=1997}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1P2_jGOzZNIC&q=battle+of+jaffa|title=The Crusaders in the East: A Brief History of the Wars of Islam with the Latins in Syria During the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries|last=Stevenson|first=W. B.|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2013|isbn=9781107669093|location=Cambridge, New York|pages=284–285|language=en|orig-year=1907}}</ref>
* [[September 2]] &ndash; After negotiations between Richard and Saladin, the [[Treaty of Jaffa (1192)|Treaty of Jaffa]] is signed, which makes sure [[Jerusalem]] remains in Muslim hands, but insures visiting rights for pilgrims to come to the Holy City. The [[Third Crusade]] ends.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aLiuAwAAQBAJ&q=1192+9+october&pg=PR20|title=The Crusades, 1095-1204|last=Philips|first=Jonathan|publisher=Routledge|year=2014|isbn=9781317755876|edition=Second|location=London and New York|pages=xx|language=en|orig-year=2002}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X3FSkksUTPMC&q=battle+of+jaffa|title=Richard the Lionheart and the Third Crusade: The English King Confronts Saladin in AD 1191|last=Hilliam|first=David|publisher=The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc|year=2004|isbn=9780823942138|location=New York|pages=45|language=en}}</ref>
* [[October 9]] – Richard leaves the Holy Land, setting sail from Acre and beginning his return to Europe.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mOKwCQAAQBAJ&q=1192+9+october&pg=PA232|title=Contemporary Sources for the Fourth Crusade: Revised Edition|last1=Andrea|first1=Alfred|last2=Whalen|first2=Brett E.|publisher=BRILL|year=2008|isbn=9789047433835|location=Leiden, Boston|pages=232|language=en|orig-year=2000}}</ref>
* [[December 11]] &ndash; Returning from the Third Crusade, [[Richard I of England]] is taken prisoner by [[Leopold V, Duke of Austria]], and secured at [[Dürnstein]].<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J7ZiBwAAQBAJ&q=1192+richard+I+leopold+V&pg=PA103|title=Seals and their Context in the Middle Ages|last=Ailes|first=Adrian|publisher=Oxbow Books|year=2015|isbn=9781782978176|editor-last=Schofield|editor-first=Phillipp R.|location=Oxford and Philadelphia|pages=103|language=en|chapter=Government Seals of Richard I}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CQfub3l_ejkC&q=1192+constance+tancred&pg=PA288|title=The Norman Kingdom of Sicily|last=Matthew|first=Donald|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2001|isbn=9780521269117|series=Cambridge Medieval Texts|location=Cambridge, New York|pages=288|language=en|orig-year=1992}}</ref>

== Births ==
* [[September 17]] – [[Minamoto no Sanetomo]], Japanese [[List of shōguns|''shōgun'']] (d. [[1219]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=atfJCgAAQBAJ&q=1192+Minamoto+no+Sanetomo&pg=PA51|title=Historical Epistemology and the Making of Modern Chinese Medicine|last=Chiang|first=Howard|publisher=Manchester University Press|year=2015|isbn=9780719096006|location=Manchester, UK|pages=51|language=en}}</ref>
* Queen [[Maria of Montferrat|Maria]] of Jerusalem (d. [[1212]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LQ3OquwzRvYC&q=1192+maria+of+Montferrat&pg=PA144|title=The Templar Order in North-west Italy: (1142 - C. 1330)|last=Bellomo|first=Elena|publisher=BRILL|year=2008|isbn=9789004163645|location=Leiden, Boston|pages=144|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RT0OAQAAMAAJ&q=1192+maria+of+Montferrat|title=Women in World History|last=Commire|first=Anne|publisher=Gale|year=2001|isbn=9780787640699|location=Waterford, CT|pages=401|language=en}}</ref>
* King [[Stefan Radoslav]] of [[Serbia]] (d. [[1234]])<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yyk_DwAAQBAJ&q=1192+stefan+radoslav&pg=PA147|title=Byzantine Macedonia: Identity, Image and History: Papers from the Melbourne Conference July 1995|last=Podskalsky|first=Gerhard|publisher=BRILL|year=2000|isbn=9789004344730|editor-last=Burke|editor-first=John|location=Leiden, Boston|pages=147|language=en|chapter=Two Archbishops of Achrida (Ochrid) and their significance for Macedonia's secular and church history: Theophylaktos and Demetrios Chomatenos|editor-last2=Scott|editor-first2=Roger}}</ref>
* Saint [[Syed Jalaluddin Bukhari]] of [[Uch Sharif]] (d. [[1291]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z4oxDQAAQBAJ&q=1192+Jalaluddin+Bukhari&pg=PA210|title=A Book of Conquest: The Chachnama and Muslim Origins in South Asia|last=Asif|first=Manan Ahmed|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=2016|isbn=9780674660113|location=Cambridge, MA and London|pages=210|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O3GXOqPa67MC&q=1192+Jalaluddin+Bukhari&pg=PA169|title=Biographical Encyclopaedia of Sufis: South Asia|last=Hanif|first=N.|publisher=Sarup & Sons|year=2000|isbn=9788176250870|location=New Delhi|pages=169|language=en}}</ref>

== Deaths ==
[[File:Emperor Go-Shirakawa2.jpg|thumb|120px|[[Emperor Go-Shirakawa]]]]
* [[April 26]] – [[Emperor Go-Shirakawa]] of Japan (b. [[1127]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c8rKCOSmKEMC&q=1192+Emperor+Go-Shirakawa&pg=PA31|title=The Clear Mirror: A Chronicle of the Japanese Court During the Kamakura Period (1185-1333)|last=Perkins|first=George W.|publisher=Stanford University Press|year=1998|isbn=9780804763882|location=Stanford, CA|pages=31|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IYh9-Yl3cTkC&q=1192+Emperor+Go-Shirakawa&pg=PA759|title=Sources of East Asian Tradition: Premodern Asia|last=Varley|first=Paul|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=2008|isbn=9780231143059|editor-last=Bary|editor-first=William Theodore De|location=New York|pages=759|language=en|chapter=The Way of the Warrior}}</ref>
* [[April 28]] – [[Conrad of Montferrat]], [[King of Jerusalem]] (b. mid-[[1140s]])<ref name=":0" />
* [[May 8]] – Duke [[Ottokar IV, Duke of Styria]] (b. [[1163]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o-i_CwAAQBAJ&q=1192+Ottokar+IV+Styria&pg=PT199|title=The Crusade of Frederick Barbarossa: The History of the Expedition of the Emperor Frederick and Related Texts|last=Loud|first=Graham A.|publisher=Routledge|year=2010|isbn=9781317036845|series=Crusade Texts in Translation|volume=19|location=New York, London|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nkwrDwAAQBAJ&q=1192+Ottokar+IV+Styria&pg=PA322|title=The Origins of the German Principalities, 1100-1350: Essays by German Historians|last=Loud|first=Graham A.|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=2017|isbn=9781317022008|editor-last=Loud|editor-first=Graham A.|location=New York and London|pages=16|language=en|chapter=A Political and Social Revolution: the Development of the Territorial Principalities in Germany|editor-last2=Schenk|editor-first2=Jochen}}</ref>
* [[August 25]] – [[Hugh III, Duke of Burgundy]] (b. [[1142]])<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kl8BAAAAQAAJ&q=1192+Hugh+III+Burgundy&pg=PT78|title=Genealogical and Historical Diagrams, Illustrative of the History of Scotland, England, France, and Germany. From the Ninth Century to the Present Time.|last=Graham|first=William|publisher=Oliver & Boyd|year=1862|location=Edinburgh and London|pages=17|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hpfHfnm2hjkC&q=1192+Hugh+III+Burgundy&pg=PA256|title=Sword, Miter, and Cloister: Nobility and the Church in Burgundy, 980-1198|last=Bouchard|first=Constance Brittain|publisher=Cornell University Press|year=1999|isbn=9780801475269|location=Ithaca and London|pages=256|language=en|orig-year=1987}}</ref>
* [[Saint Margaret of England]], English saint<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PNcw2tyJLxwC&q=1192+Saint+Margaret+of+England&pg=PA43|title=The Lives Of The Primitive Fathers, Martyrs, And Other Principal Saints: Compiled From Original Monuments And Other Authentic Records|last=Butler|first=Alban|publisher=J. Moir|year=1798|edition=Third|volume=II|location=London and Newcastle|pages=43|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Ikhtiyar al-Din Hasan ibn Ghafras]], vizier of the Sultanate of Rum<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9YcJAQAAIAAJ&q=1192+Ikhtiyar+al-Din+Hasan+ibn+Ghafras|title=The Empire of Trebizond and the Pontos|last=Bryer|first=Anthony|publisher=Variorum Reprints|year=1980|isbn=9780860780625|location=London|pages=181|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Kilij Arslan II]], Sultan of Rum<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ptXG0uA70lAC&q=1192+Kilij+Arslan+II&pg=PA48|title=The Sultan of Vezirs: The Life and Times of the Ottoman Grand Vezir Mahmud Pasha Angelović (1453-1474)|last=Stavrides|first=Théoharis|publisher=BRILL|year=2001|isbn=9789004121065|location=Leiden, Boston, Köln|pages=48|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Rashid ad-Din Sinan]], the "Old Man of the Mountain", leader of the Hashashin sect (b. 1132/1135)<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RTyTn4ErwRIC&q=1192+Rashid+al-Din+Sinan&pg=PA49|title=The Eagle's Nest: Ismaili Castles in Iran and Syria|last=Willey|first=Peter|publisher=I.B.Tauris|year=2005|isbn=9781850434641|location=London and New York|pages=49|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PvwUAAAAIAAJ&q=1192+Rashid+al-Din+Sinan&pg=PA790|title=The Encyclopaedia of Islam: Fascicules 111-112 : Masrah Mawlid|last1=Bosworth|first1=Clifford Edmund|last2=van Donzel|first2=E.|last3=W. P.|first3=Heinrichs|last4=Pellat|first4=Ch.|publisher=BRILL|year=1989|isbn=9789004092396|location=Leiden, Boston|pages=790|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Prithviraj Chauhan]], King of the [[Chahamanas of Shakambhari|Chauhan Dynasty]] (b. [[1177]])<ref name=":1" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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