Editing 1143

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|1143}}
{{Year nav|1143}}
{{C12 year in topic}} 
[[File:Fulko jeune.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|King [[Fulk, King of Jerusalem|Fulk of Jerusalem]] (r. 1131–1143)]]
Year '''1143''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCXLIII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Friday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===

==== Byzantine Empire ====
* [[April 8]] &ndash; Emperor [[John II Komnenos|John II]] ('''Komnenos''') dies of a [[Arrow poison|poisoned arrow]] wound while hunting wild boar on [[Mount Taurus]] in [[Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia|Cilicia]]. He is succeeded by his 24-year-old son [[Manuel I Komnenos|Manuel I]], who is chosen as his successor, in preference to his elder surviving brother [[Isaac Komnenos (son of John II)|Isaac]]. Manuel dispatches [[John Axouch]]os, his commander-in-chief (''[[Grand Domestic|megas domestikos]]''),  to [[Constantinople]] ahead of him – with orders to arrest Isaac in the [[Great Palace of Constantinople|Great Palace]].<ref>[[Steven Runciman]] (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem'', pp. 180–181. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29876-3}}.</ref>

==== Levant ====
* [[November 13]] &ndash; King [[Fulk, King of Jerusalem|Fulk of Jerusalem]] dies after a hunting accident in [[Acre, Israel|Acre]]. He is succeeded by his 13-year-old son [[Baldwin III of Jerusalem|Baldwin III]] – who is crowned as co-ruler alongside his mother, Queen [[Melisende, Queen of Jerusalem|Melisende]] on [[Christmas|Christmas Day]]. Due to the political situation the [[Outremer|Crusader States]] of [[County of Tripoli|Tripoli]], [[Principality of Antioch|Antioch]] and [[County of Edessa|Edessa]] assert their independence. [[Raymond of Poitiers|Raymond of Antioch]] demands the return of Cilicia to his principality and invades the province.<ref>Steven Runciman (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem'', pp. 188–189. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29876-3}}.</ref>

==== Europe ====
* Spring &ndash; King [[Conrad III of Germany|Conrad III]] gives [[Duchy of Bavaria|Bavaria]] to his half-brother [[Henry II, Duke of Austria|Henry II]] ('''Jasomirgott'''). His wife, [[Gertrude of Süpplingenburg|Gertrude]] (daughter of the late Emperor [[Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor|Lothair III]]) dies in childbirth at [[Klosterneuburg Monastery]] in [[Lower Austria]] on [[April 18]].
* [[October 5]] &ndash; [[Treaty of Zamora]]: The [[Portugal in the Middle Ages|Kingdom of Portugal]] is recognized by King [[Alfonso VII of León and Castile|Alfonso VII]] ('''the Emperor''') of [[Kingdom of León|León]] and [[Kingdom of Castile|Castile]] in the presence of his cousin, King [[Afonso I of Portugal]] and papal representatives.
* [[Adolf II of Holstein|Adolf II]], count of [[County of Schaumburg|Schauenburg]] and [[Holstein]], founds [[Lübeck]] – which later becomes one of the leading [[Hanseatic League|Hanseatic]] cities. He divides the conquered [[Slavs|Slavic]] lands, as part of the eastward expansion in [[Kingdom of Germany|Germany]].
* [[Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou|Geoffrey V]] ('''the Fair''') becomes Count of Anjou upon news of the death of his father Fulk.

==== England ====
* [[July 1]] &ndash; [[Battle of Wilton]]: Earl [[Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester|Robert of Gloucester]] (illegitimate son of the late King [[Henry I of England|Henry I]]) defeats the English forces of King [[Stephen, King of England|Stephen]] during a surprise attack at [[Wilton Abbey]]. In the darkness, Stephen escapes, while his steward [[William Martel]] fights a rearguard action to delay the pursuers. 
* Autumn &ndash; Stephen arrests [[Geoffrey de Mandeville, Earl of Essex|Geoffrey de Mandeville]], 1st [[Earl of Essex]], during a meeting of the Royal Court at [[St Albans|St. Albans]]. He is charged with treason against Stephen, but given his freedom back in return for surrendering his title and castles. Geoffrey becomes an outlaw and fortifies [[Ramsey Abbey]], where he sets up his headquarters to plunder the countryside of [[Ely, Cambridgeshire|Ely]].

==== Africa ====
* [[Italo-Norman|Norman]] raiders capture [[Jijel]] (modern [[Algeria]]).<ref>{{cite book|first=Gilbert|last=Meynier|year=2010|title=L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique: De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658-1518)|location=Paris|publisher=La Découverte|pages=71}}</ref> A Norman raid on [[Ceuta]] fails,<ref>Picard C. (1997). ''La mer et les musulmans d'Occident au Moyen Age''. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.</ref> but at the same time the Normans lead a successful assault against [[Sfax]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Bresc|first=Henri|title=La Sicile et l'espace libyen au Moyen Age|year=2003|url=http://www.storiamediterranea.it/public/md1_dir/b1462.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.storiamediterranea.it/public/md1_dir/b1462.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|journal=[[Africa: Rivista trimestrale di studi e documentazione|Africa: Rivista trimestrale di studi e documentazione dell'Istituto italiano per l'Africa e l'Oriente]] |volume=63|issue=2|pages=187–208|jstor=25734500|language=fr|trans-title=Sicily and the Libyan space in the Middle Ages}}</ref>

=== By topic ===

==== Religion ====
* [[September 23]] &ndash; Pope [[Pope Innocent II|Innocent II]] dies at [[Rome]] after a 13-year [[pontificate]]. He is succeeded by [[Pope Celestine II|Celestine II]] as the 165th pope of the [[Catholic Church]].

==== Literature ====
* [[Robert of Ketton]] makes the first European translation of the [[Qur'an]] for [[Peter the Venerable]], ''[[Lex Mahumet pseudoprophete]]'',  into [[Latin]].
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[July 31]] &ndash; [[Emperor Nijō|Nijō]], emperor of [[Japan]] (d. [[1165]])
* [[Balian of Ibelin]], French [[Nobility|nobleman]] (d. [[1193]])
* [[Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy|Beatrice I]], Holy Roman Empress (d. [[1184]])
* [[Fujiwara no Motozane]], Japanese ''[[Waka (poetry)|waka]]'' poet (d. [[1166]])
* [[Jigten Sumgön]], founder of the [[Drikung Kagyu]] (d. [[1217]])
* [[Konoe Motozane]], Japanese nobleman (d. 1166)
* [[Mu'in al-Din Chishti]], Persian preacher (d. [[1236]])
* [[Philip I, Count of Flanders|Philip I]] (of Alsace), count of [[County of Flanders|Flanders]] (d. [[1191]])

== Deaths ==
* [[January 12]] &ndash; [[Leo of Constantinople]], Byzantine patriarch 
* [[January 26]] &ndash; [[Ali ibn Yusuf]], ruler of the [[Almoravid dynasty|Almoravids]] (b. [[1084]])
* [[February 6]] &ndash; [[Hugh II, Duke of Burgundy|Hugh II of Burgundy]], French nobleman (b. 1084)
* [[April 8]] &ndash; [[John II Komnenos|John II]] ('''Komnenos'''), Byzantine emperor (b. [[1087]])
* [[April 18]] &ndash; [[Gertrude of Süpplingenburg|Gertrude]], German duchess and [[regent]] (b. [[1115]])
* [[June 24]] &ndash; [[Ermesinde of Luxembourg, Countess of Namur|Ermesinde]], French noblewoman (b. [[1080]])
* [[August 2]] &ndash; [[Muño Alfonso]], Galician military leader 
* [[September 23]] &ndash; [[Pope Innocent II|Innocent II]], pope of the [[Catholic Church]]
* [[September 24]] &ndash; [[Agnes of Waiblingen|Agnes]], daughter of [[Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry IV]] (b. [[1072]])
* [[November 13]] &ndash; [[Fulk, King of Jerusalem|Fulk]] ('''the Younger'''), king of [[Kingdom of Jerusalem|Jerusalem]]
* [[December 24]] &ndash; [[Miles of Gloucester, 1st Earl of Hereford|Miles of Gloucester]], English nobleman
* [[Alexander of Telese]], Italian chronicler and [[abbot]]
* [[Gilla Aenghus Ua Chlúmháin]], Irish [[Irish poetry|poet]] and writer
* [[Kakuban|Kogyo-Daishi]], Japanese [[Buddhism in Japan|Buddhist]] priest (b. [[1095]])
* [[William of Malmesbury]], English monk and historian
* [[Yelü Dashi]], founder of the [[Qara Khitai]] (b. [[1094]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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