Editing 1109

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|1109}}
{{Year nav|1109}}
{{C12 year in topic}} 
[[File:Bertrand of Toulouse, tripoli.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|[[Fakhr al-Mulk ibn Ammar|Fakhr al-Mulk]], qadi of Tripoli, submits to [[Bertrand, Count of Toulouse|Bertrand of Toulouse]] (middle) at the [[Siege of Tripoli]].]]
Year '''1109''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCIX]]''') was a [[common year starting on Friday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

===By place ===

==== Levant ====
* [[July 12]] &ndash; [[Siege of Tripoli]]: After a 7-year siege (supported by the [[Republic of Genoa|Genoese]] fleet), [[Tripoli, Lebanon|Tripoli]] falls to the Crusaders. [[Fakhr al-Mulk ibn Ammar]], qadi of Tripoli, submits to [[Bertrand, Count of Toulouse|Bertrand of Toulouse]] (the eldest son of [[Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse|Raymond IV]]). He establishes the [[County of Tripoli]], the fourth [[Crusader states|Crusader state]] in the [[Middle East]]. Raymond's nephew [[William II Jordan]] dies of an arrow wound sustained during the siege, leaving Bertrand as its sole ruler.

==== Europe ====
* Summer &ndash; [[Almoravid dynasty|Almoravid]] emir [[Ali ibn Yusuf]] organizes a public ritual of [[penance]] (''[[auto-da-fé]]'') of the works of [[Al-Ghazali]], in front of the [[Cathedral–Mosque of Córdoba|Great Mosque of Cordoba]].<ref>Gilbert Meynier (2010). ''L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658-1518)''. Paris: La Découverte; p. 86.</ref>
* [[July 1]] &ndash; [[Urraca of León]] becomes queen of [[Kingdom of León|León]], [[Kingdom of Castile|Castile]] and [[Kingdom of Galicia|Galicia]] after the death of her father, [[Alfonso VI of León and Castile|King Alfonso VI]], making her the first European queen regnant. She marries [[Alfonso the Battler|Alfonso I]].
* [[August 10]] &ndash; [[Battle of Nakło]]: [[Bolesław III Wrymouth|Bolesław III]] leads an expedition into [[Pomerania]]. He besieges the castle of [[Nakło nad Notecią|Nakło]] and defeats a Pomeranian relief force.
* [[August 24]]
**[[Siege of Głogów]]: German forces led by King [[Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry V]] besiege [[Głogów]]. He is forced to abandon the siege – due to attacks of Polish [[Guerilla warfare|guerilla]] warriors.
** [[Battle of Hundsfeld]]: Bolesław III defeats the imperial forces under Henry V at [[Psie Pole|Hundsfeld]]. The Germans are ambushed by the Polish forces. 
* The Almoravid army, led by Ali ibn Yusuf, fails to reconquer [[Toledo, Spain|Toledo]] (lost in [[1085]]).<ref>Gilbert Meynier (2010). ''L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658-1518)''. Paris: La Découverte; p. 84.</ref>

=== By topic ===

==== Education ====
* [[Anselm of Laon]], French monk and [[Theology|theologian]], becomes [[chancellor]] of the cathedral at [[Laon]] (approximate date).</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[July 25]] &ndash; [[Afonso I of Portugal|Afonso I]], king of [[Kingdom of Portugal|Portugal]] (d. [[1185]])
* [[September 7]] &ndash; [[Queen Gongye|Gongye]], Korean queen (d. [[1183]])
* [[October 29]] &ndash; [[Injong of Goryeo]], Korean king (d. [[1146]])
* [[Abu'l-Hasan al-Hasan ibn Ali]], Zirid emir (d. [[1171]])
* [[Ar-Rashid (1109–1138)|Al-Rashid]], caliph of the [[Abbasid Caliphate]] (d. [[1138]])
* [[Béla II of Hungary|Béla II]], king of [[Kingdom of Hungary|Hungary]] and [[Croatia in union with Hungary|Croatia]] (d. [[1141]])
* [[Bertrand de Blanchefort]], French [[Grand Masters of the Knights Templar|Grand Master]] (d. [[1169]])
* [[William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel|William d'Aubigny]], 1st [[Earl of Arundel]] (d. [[1176]])

== Deaths ==
* [[January 26]] &ndash; [[Alberic of Cîteaux]], French [[abbot]]
* [[April 14]] &ndash; [[Fulk IV, Count of Anjou|Fulk IV]], count of [[County of Anjou|Anjou]] (b. [[1043]])
* [[April 21]] &ndash; [[Anselm of Canterbury|Anselm]], archbishop of [[Diocese of Canterbury|Canterbury]] (b. [[1033]])
* [[April 28]] &ndash; [[Hugh of Cluny|Hugh the Great]], abbot of [[Cluny Abbey|Cluny]] (b. [[1024]])
* [[May 12]] &ndash; [[Dominic de la Calzada]], Spanish priest (b. [[1019]])
* [[July 1]] &ndash; [[Alfonso VI of León and Castile|Alfonso VI]], king of [[Kingdom of León|León]] and [[Kingdom of Castile|Castile]]
* [[September 21]] &ndash; [[Svatopluk, Duke of Bohemia|Svatopluk]], duke of [[Duchy of Bohemia|Bohemia]] 
* [[November 16]] &ndash; [[Ingulf]], Norman [[Benedictines|Benedictine]] abbot
* [[Eupraxia of Kiev]], Holy Roman Empress
* [[Ngok Loden Sherab]], Tibetan [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] monk (b. [[1059]])
* [[William II Jordan|William II]], count of [[County of Cerdanya|Cerdagne]] and [[County of Tripoli|Tripoli]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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