Editing 1063

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[[File:Roger I de Sicilia en la batalla de Cerami, por Prosper Lafaye.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|Duke [[Roger I of Sicily|Roger I]] defeats the [[Saracens]] at the [[Battle of Cerami]] (near [[Troina]]) in [[Sicily]].]]
Year '''1063''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MLXIII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Wednesday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===

==== Europe ====
* [[May 8]] &ndash; [[Battle of Graus]]: Allied Muslim and Christian troops, under King [[Sancho II of Castile and León|Sancho II]] (the Strong) and Emir [[Ahmad al-Muqtadir]] (maybe led by [[El Cid]]), defeat the Aragonese army. King [[Ramiro I of Aragon|Ramiro I]] is killed and succeeded by his son [[Sancho Ramírez|Sancho V]], as ruler of [[Kingdom of Aragon|Aragon]].<ref name="Fletcher Reconquista">{{cite journal|last=Fletcher|first=R. A.|title=Reconquest and Crusade in Spain c. 1050-1150|journal=Transactions of the Royal Historical Society|year=1987|volume=37|series=5|pages=31–47 [35]|jstor=3679149}}</ref>
* [[Battle of Cerami]]: Duke [[Roger I of Sicily|Roger I]] leads a small Norman force (supported by 136 mounted [[knight]]s), and defeats a much larger Saracen army (35,000 men) at [[Cerami]] (near [[Troina]]) in [[Emirate of Sicily|Sicily]].<ref>{{cite book|author-link=Goffredo Malaterra|last=Gaufredo|first=Malaterra|title=De Rebus Gestis Rogerii Calabriae et Siciliae Comitis et Roberti Guiscardi Ducis fratris eius|volume=2|chapter=Chapter 33, The Battle of Cerami}}</ref>
* Summer &ndash; The [[Republic of Pisa|Pisan]] fleet assaults and sacks [[Palermo]] (controlled by the [[Saracens]]) – this in support of the Norman forces of Roger I.<ref>{{cite book|last=Benvenuti|first=Gino|title=Le Repubbliche Marinare. Amalfi, Pisa, Genova e Venezia|year=1985|publisher=Newton & Compton Editori|location=Rome|isbn=88-8289-529-7|page=13}}</ref>
* August–September: The [[German invasion of Hungary (1063)|Holy Roman Empire invades Hungary]] and installs [[Solomon, King of Hungary|Solomon]] as their proxy ruler.<ref>{{cite book |last=Engel |first=Pál |author-link=Pál Engel |year=2001 |title=The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895–1526 |publisher=I.B. Tauris Publishers |isbn=1-86064-061-3 |page=31 }}</ref>
* Duke [[William the Conqueror|William I]] (the Bastard) claims the province of [[Maine (province)|Maine]] and betroths his son [[Robert Curthose|Robert]] to Margaret, daughter of late Count [[Herbert II, Count of Maine|Herbert II]].

==== Seljuk Empire ====
* [[Battle of Damghan (1063)|Battle of Damghan]]: Seljuk forces under [[Alp Arslan]] defeat his brother [[Qutalmish]] who claims the throne of late [[Tughril]], founder of the [[Seljuk Empire]]. Qutalmish flees from the battle, but his son [[Suleiman ibn Qutulmish|Suleiman]] is taken prisoner.<ref>Izz al-Din ibn al'Athir, ''The Annals of the Saljuq Turks'', transl. D.S. Richards, (Routledge, 2002), p. 151.</ref>

=== By topic ===

==== Architecture ====
* The [[Pizhi Pagoda]] located at [[Lingyan Temple (Jinan)|Lingyan Temple]] ([[Shandong]] province) in [[China]] is completed, standing at a height of 54 m (177 ft) tall.
* Doge [[Domenico I Contarini|Domenico I]] orders the construction of the present building of [[St Mark's Basilica]] at [[Venice]] (approximate date).

==== Religion ====
* [[Anselm of Canterbury|Anselm]], later to become archbishop of [[Diocese of Canterbury|Canterbury]], becomes [[Prior (ecclesiastical)|prior]] at the [[Abbey of Bec]] (approximate date).
* The bishopric of [[Olomouc]] (located on the [[Morava (river)|River Morava]]) is founded (modern [[Czech Republic]]).
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[Eight Deer Jaguar Claw]] (or 8 Deer), Mixtec ruler (d. [[1115]])
* [[Yuanwu Keqin]], Chinese [[Chan Buddhism|Chan Buddhist]] monk (d. [[1135]])

== Deaths ==
* [[March 21]] &ndash; [[Richeza of Lotharingia]], queen of [[Kingdom of Poland (1025–1385)|Poland]]
* [[April 30]] &ndash; [[Emperor Renzong of Song|Ren Zong]], emperor of the [[Song dynasty|Song Dynasty]] (b. [[1010]])
* [[May 8]] &ndash; [[Ramiro I of Aragon|Ramiro I]], king of [[Kingdom of Aragon|Aragon]] ([[Jiménez dynasty|House of Jiménez]])
* [[August 5]] &ndash; [[Gruffydd ap Llywelyn]], king of [[Kingdom of Gwynedd|Gwynedd]]
* [[August 9]] &ndash; [[Constantine Leichoudes|Constantine III]], Byzantine patriarch 
* [[September 3]] &ndash; [[Henry II of Augsburg|Henry II]], archbishop of [[Prince-Bishopric of Augsburg|Augsburg]]
* [[September 4]] &ndash; [[Tughril]], sultan of the [[Seljuk Empire]] (b. [[990]])
* [[September 11]] &ndash; [[Béla I of Hungary|Béla I]] (the Champion), king of [[Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)|Hungary]]
* [[December 7]] &ndash; [[Qutalmish]], prince of the Seljuk Empire
* [[Gotebald]] (or Gotebold), patriarch of [[Patriarchate of Aquileia|Aquileia]]
* [[Hedwig of France, Countess of Nevers|Hedwig]] (or Advisa), countess of [[County and Duchy of Nevers|Nevers]]
* [[Hilduin IV, Count of Montdidier|Hilduin IV]], count of [[Montdidier, Somme|Montdidier]] and [[Roucy]]
* [[Pang Ji (Song dynasty)|Pang Ji]], Chinese official and [[Grand chancellor (China)|chancellor]] (b. [[988]])
* [[Sudislav|Sudislav Vladimirovich]], prins of [[Principality of Pskov|Pskov]]
* [[Pope Sylvester III|Sylvester III]], pope of the [[Catholic Church]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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