Editing 1055

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{Year dab|1055}}
{{Year nav|1055}}
{{C11 year in topic}} 
[[File:Tetarteron-Theodora-sb1838.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|Coin of Empress [[Theodora Porphyrogenita (11th century)|Theodora]] (980–1056)]]
'''1055''' ([[Roman numerals|MLV]]) was a [[common year starting on Sunday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>
===By place===

==== Byzantine Empire ====
* [[January 11]] &ndash; Emperor [[Constantine IX Monomachos]] dies after a 12½-year reign at [[Constantinople]]. He is succeeded by [[Theodora Porphyrogenita (11th century)|Theodora]] (a sister of the former Empress [[Zoë Porphyrogenita|Zoë]]), who is proclaimed by the [[imperial guard]] (with strong opposition from the council) as empress of the [[Byzantine Empire]].

====Europe====
* King [[Ferdinand I of León]] ("the Great") begins his campaign against [[al-Andalus]]. He conquers [[Seia]] from the [[Christianity|Christian]] allies of the Muslim [[taifa]]s.<ref name=picard2000>{{cite book|last=Picard|first=Christophe|title=Le Portugal musulman (VIIIe-XIIIe siècle. L'Occident d'al-Andalus sous domination islamique|year=2000|publisher=Maisonneuve & Larose|location=Paris|isbn=2-7068-1398-9|page=109}}</ref> In a drive to consolidate his southern border in [[Portugal]] he re-populates the city of [[Zamora, Spain|Zamora]] with some of his [[Cantabria]]n (''montañeses'') subjects.

==== England ====
* [[October 24]] &ndash; [[Ælfgar, Earl of Mercia]], is outlawed by the [[Witenagemot|witan]] ("meeting of wise men"). In revenge he builds a force and allies himself with the Welsh king [[Gruffydd ap Llywelyn]]. After defeating [[Ralph the Timid]] (a nephew of King [[Edward the Confessor]]), they attack [[Hereford]] and raid the church – taking everything of value, leaving the building on fire. The rebels also attack [[Leominster]].
* Edward the Confessor gives [[Tostig Godwinson]] (upon the death of Earl [[Siward, Earl of Northumbria|Siward]]) the important position as earl of [[Kingdom of Northumbria|Northumbria]] and the difficult mission of bringing the northern state under control.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://users.hunterlink.net.au/~mbemdm/chapter1.html|title=History of Ireleth and Askam-in-Furness|publisher=Bruderlin MacLean Publishing Services|author=MacLean, Mark|date=1999|access-date=March 30, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305123551/http://users.hunterlink.net.au/~mbemdm/chapter1.html|archive-date=March 5, 2017|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

==== Arabian Empire ====
* Winter &ndash; The [[Seljuk Turks]] led by Sultan [[Tughril]] capture [[Baghdad]] and enter the city in a Roman-styled triumph. [[Al-Malik al-Rahim]], the last [[Buyid dynasty|Buyid]] emir in [[Iraq]], is taken prisoner. 

===By topic===

====Architecture====
* Construction on the [[Liaodi Pagoda]] in [[Hebei]] is completed (the tallest pagoda in Chinese history, standing at a height of 84 m (275 ft) tall).

====Religion====
* King [[Andrew I of Hungary]] ("the Catholic") establishes the Benedictine [[Tihany Abbey]]. Its [[Establishing charter of the abbey of Tihany|foundation charter]] is the earliest written record extant in the Hungarian language.
* [[April 13]] &ndash; [[Pope Victor II]] succeeds [[Pope Leo IX|Leo IX]] as the 153rd [[pope]] of the [[Catholic Church]] in [[Rome]] (until [[1057]]).</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[August 16]] &ndash; [[Malik-Shah I]], sultan of the [[Seljuk Empire]] (d. [[1092]])
* [[September 28]] &ndash; [[Uicheon]], Korean [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] monk (d. [[1101]])
* [[Adelaide of Weimar-Orlamünde]], German [[Nobility|noblewoman]] (d. [[1100]])
* [[Alger of Liège]], French [[clergy]]man and priest (d. [[1131]])
* [[Bertha of Holland]], French [[queen consort]] (d. [[1094]])
* [[Fujiwara no Akisue]], Japanese nobleman (d. [[1123]])
* [[Gilbert Crispin]], Norman [[abbot]] and theologian (d. [[1117]])
* [[Gruffudd ap Cynan]], king of [[Kingdom of Gwynedd|Gwynedd]] (approximate date)
* [[Hildebert]], French hagiographer and theologian (d. [[1133]])
* [[Ida of Formbach-Ratelnberg|Ida of Austria]], German duchess and crusader (d. 1101)
* [[Judith of Lens]], niece of [[William the Conqueror]] (or [[1054]])
* [[Machig Labdrön]], Tibetan Buddhist teacher (d. [[1149]])
* [[Minamoto no Shunrai]], Japanese [[Japanese poetry|poet]] (d. [[1129]])
* [[Terken Khatun (wife of Malik-Shah I)|Terken Khatun]], Seljuk empress (approximate date)
* [[Vigrahapala III]], ruler of the [[Pala Empire]] (d. [[1070]])

== Deaths ==
* [[January 10]] &ndash; [[Bretislav I]], duke of [[Duchy of Bohemia|Bohemia]]
* [[January 11]] &ndash; [[Constantine IX Monomachos|Constantine IX]], Byzantine emperor 
* [[April 10]] &ndash; [[Conrad II, Duke of Bavaria|Conrad II]], duke of [[Duchy of Bavaria|Bavaria]] (b. [[1052]])
* [[May 26]] &ndash; [[Adalbert, Margrave of Austria|Adalbert]], margrave of [[Margraviate of Austria|Austria]]
* [[August 28]] &ndash; [[Emperor Xingzong of Liao|Xing Zong]], Chinese emperor (b. [[1016]])
* [[November 13]] &ndash; [[Welf, Duke of Carinthia|Welf III]], duke of [[Duchy of Carinthia|Carinthia]]
* [[December 5]] &ndash; [[Conrad I, Duke of Bavaria|Conrad I]], duke of Bavaria 
* [[A Nong]], Chinese [[Shamanism|shamaness]], matriarch and warrior
* [[Benedict I of Esztergom|Benedict I]], Hungarian politician and archbishop
* [[Frederick, Margrave of Tuscany|Boniface IV Frederick]], margrave of [[March of Tuscany|Tuscany]]
* [[Gruffydd ap Rhydderch]], king of [[Deheubarth]]
* [[Mauger (archbishop of Rouen)|Mauger]] (or '''Malger'''), archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Rouen|Rouen]]
* [[Nong Zhigao]], Vietnamese chieftain of [[Nùng people|Nong]]
* [[Rinchen Zangpo]], Tibetan Buddhist monk (b. [[958]])
* [[Siward, Earl of Northumbria|Siward]] (or '''Sigurd'''), earl of [[Kingdom of Northumbria|Northumbria]]
* [[Theodore Aaronios]], Byzantine governor
* [[Yan Shu]], Chinese statesman and poet (b. [[991]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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