Editing 100 BC

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Year '''100 BC''' was a year of the [[Roman calendar|pre-Julian Roman calendar]]. At the time it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of Marius and Flaccus''' (or, less frequently, '''year 654 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]''''') and the '''First Year of Tianhan'''.{{where|date=January 2024}} The denomination 100 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{Year nav|-100}}
{{BC year in topic|100}}

[[File:World in 100 BCE.PNG|thumb|550px|Map of the world in 100 BC]]

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>
=== By place ===
==== Roman Republic ====
* [[Consul]]s: [[Lucius Valerius Flaccus (consul 100 BC)|Lucius Valerius Flaccus]], [[Gaius Marius]] (Marius's sixth consulship).
* [[Manius Aquillius (consul 101 BC)|Manius Aquillius]] celebrates an [[ovation]] for victories in the [[Second Servile War]].
* [[Lucius Appuleius Saturninus]], a [[tribune]], passes a law to [[Redistribution (economics)|redistribute]] land to [[Veteran|military veterans]]. The law requires that all senators swear to abide by it. [[Quintus Caecilus Metellus Numidicus]] refuses and is exiled. He goes to [[Rhodes]] to study philosophy.
* Late summer–autumn: Saturninus stands for tribune again for the following year, and is elected. His associate, the praetor [[Gaius Servilius Glaucia]], attempts to stand for the consulship (illegally, as praetors cannot immediately become consul). A rival candidate, [[Gaius Memmius (proconsul of Macedonia)|Gaius Memmius]], is found murdered by agents of Saturninus and Glaucia, who are declared public enemies by the [[Roman Senate|Senate]]. The Senate issues the ''[[senatus consultum ultimum]]'', and Marius, as consul, defeats his former ally in battle in the [[Roman Forum|Forum]]. Saturninus and his followers surrender on condition that their lives are spared, but they are stoned to death with roof tiles in the [[Curia Hostilia]] by renegade senators.
* The building of the Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia, [[Palestrina]], [[Italy]], is begun. The model of it is now kept at the [[Naples National Archaeological Museum|Museo Archeologico Nazionale]], Italy (approximate date).

==== Asia Minor ====
* [[Tigranes II of Armenia]] is placed on the [[Armenia]]n throne by the [[Parthia]]ns in exchange for the cession of "seventy valley" (approximate date).

==== Judea ====
* The [[deuterocanonical books]] of [[1 Maccabees|1]] and [[2 Maccabees]] are written.

==== India ====
* [[Gandhara]] and [[Punjab region|Punjab]] are ruled by the [[Indo-Greek Kingdom|Indo-Greek]] king [[Demetrius III Aniketos]].

==== China ====
* [[War of the Heavenly Horses]]: the [[Han dynasty|Han]] expedition under [[Li Guangli]] returns victorious to China. He is followed by dynastic representatives sent by various Central Asian kings, so that they may pay tribute to [[Emperor Wu of Han]]. Emperor Wu keeps these representatives as hostages and sends soldiers to build pavilions and reclaim wasteland along the route to the west to provide food and shelter for Han envoys.<ref>{{cite book|first=Hing Ming|last= Hung|title=The Magnificent Emperor Wu: China's Han Dynasty|year= 2020|isbn=978-1628944167|pages= 202–203|publisher= Algora}}</ref>
* [[Han-Xiongnu War]]: the Han general Zhao Ponu escapes Xiongnu custody and returns to China.<ref>{{cite book|first=Hing Ming|last= Hung|title=The Magnificent Emperor Wu: China's Han Dynasty|year= 2020|isbn=978-1628944167|page= 208|publisher= Algora}}</ref>

==== America ====
* Mural room in the [[Maya civilization|Maya]] pyramid at [[San Bartolo (ruins)|San Bartolo]], [[Guatemala]], painted.
</onlyinclude>
* Olmec III period ends in Southeastern Mexico.

== Births ==
* [[Julius Caesar]], Roman general and politician (d. [[44 BC]])<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.biography.com/people/julius-caesar-9192504 |title=Julius Caesar Biography |website=Biography.com |date=September 4, 2019 |access-date=October 17, 2020}}</ref><ref>There is some dispute over the year of Caesar's birth. Some scholars have made a case for 101 or 102&nbsp;BC as the year of his birth, based on the dates that he held certain magistracies, but scholarly consensus favors 100&nbsp;BC. Similarly, some scholars prefer 12 July for the day of his birth, but others give 13 July. Goldsworthy, [https://books.google.com/books?id=oR-ljeBaWIcC&pg=PA30 p. 30],  Ward, Heichelheim, & Yeo [https://books.google.com/books?id=9Q83DAAAQBAJ&pg=PA194 p. 194]. For a source arguing for 12 July, see Badian in Griffin (ed.) [https://books.google.com/books?id=gzOXLGbIIYwC&pg=PA16 p.16]</ref>
* [[Titus Labienus]], Caesar's chief lieutenant in the conquest of [[Gaul]] (d. [[45 BC]])

== Deaths ==
* [[Cornelia (mother of the Gracchi)|Cornelia]], mother of [[Tiberius Gracchus]] (b. c. [[190 BC]])
* [[Gaius Memmius (proconsul of Macedonia)|Gaius Memmius]], Roman politician
* [[Gaius Servilius Glaucia]], Roman politician
* [[Lucius Appuleius Saturninus]], Roman politician
* [[Salvius Tryphon]], Rebel slave
* [[Theodosius of Bithynia]], Greek astronomer and mathematician (b. c. [[169 BC]])

== References ==
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[[Category:100 BC| ]]