Editing Żarnowiec

{{Other places}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Żarnowiec
| settlement_type = Village
| total_type = &nbsp;
| image_skyline = Kościół Zwiastowania Pana w Żarnowcu.jpg
| image_caption = [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] Church of the Annunciation in Żarnowiec
| image_flag = 
| image_shield = 
| image_map = 
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{POL}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeships of Poland|Voivodeship]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Pomeranian Voivodeship|Pomeranian]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Powiat|County]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Puck County|Puck]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Gmina]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Gmina Krokowa|Krokowa]]
| coordinates = {{coord|54|47|14|N|18|5|16|E|region:PL|display=title,inline}}
| pushpin_map = Poland
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset = +1
| timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| elevation_m = 
| population_total = 861
| website = 
}}
'''Żarnowiec''' {{IPAc-pl|ż|a|r|'|n|o|w|J|e|c}} is a village in the administrative district of [[Gmina Krokowa]], within [[Puck County]], [[Pomeranian Voivodeship]], in northern Poland.<ref name="TERYT">{{cite web |url=http://www.stat.gov.pl/broker/access/prefile/listPreFiles.jspa |title=Central Statistical Office (GUS) – TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal) |date=1 June 2008 |language=pl}}</ref> It lies close to [[Żarnowieckie Lake]], approximately {{convert|5|km|mi|0}} west of [[Krokowa]], {{convert|23|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} north-west of [[Puck, Poland|Puck]], and {{convert|59|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} north-west of the regional capital [[Gdańsk]]. In 2005 the village had a population of 861.

Żarnowiec was the location for the first Polish [[Żarnowiec Nuclear Power Plant|nuclear power plant]] ([[Żarnowiec Nuclear Power Plant]]), but construction was stopped in 1990 due to protests of the local population and lack of funds. Recently, the construction plans are being reconsidered.

== History ==
[[File:Żarnowiec, klasztor, 4 ćw. XIII, 1 poł. XIV, 1897-1907, 1959, 1976 03.jpg|thumb|left|Interior of the monastery in Żarnowiec]]
The earliest evidence of settlement in the region dates from the 8th century BC: the inhabitants were apparently linked with the [[Lusatian culture|Lusatian]] and [[Pomeranian culture|East Pomeranian]] cultures. There was a settlement near the Żarnowiec lake from the seventh to the tenth century AD. A village known alternately as ''Sarnkow'', ''Sarnowitz'', ''Sarnowicz'' or ''Czarnowicz'' is first mentioned in sources dating from the thirteenth century, when it was inhabited by the [[Kashubians]].

In 1215, Żarnowiec belonged to the [[Cistercian]] order based in [[Oliwa Abbey]], which founded a monastery for women there. In the 13th century the local monastery was granted various [[privilege (law)|privileges]] including ownership of five nearby villages of [[Kartoszyno]], [[Lubkowo, Puck County|Lubkowo]], [[Odargowo, Pomeranian Voivodeship|Odargowo]], [[Świecino]], [[Wierzchucino]], what was confirmed by King of Poland [[Przemysł II]] in 1295 in [[Gdańsk]].<ref>''Kodeks Dyplomatyczny Wielkopolski'' Vol. II, No. 739</ref> In 1297 the monastery received special economic and juridical privileges from [[Mestwin II, Duke of Pomerania|Mściwój II]], [[Pomeranian duchies and dukes|Duke of Pomerania]]. It was located within fragmented medieval [[Kingdom of Poland (1025–1385)|Poland]].

In fourteenth century Żarnowiec, together with all of [[Pomerelia]] was [[Teutonic takeover of Danzig (Gdańsk)|annexed]] from Poland by the [[Teutonic Order]]. In 1433, it was raided by a [[Hussite]] army. In 1454 the territory was formally re-incorporated into the [[Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569)|Kingdom of Poland]] by King [[Casimir IV Jagiellon]]. In 1462, during the subsequent [[Thirteen Years' War (1454–1466)|Thirteen Years' War]], the Polish army under [[Piotr Dunin]] defeated the Teutonic Knights there (see [[Battle of Świecino]], also known as the Battle of Żarnowiec). After the war Żarnowiec was confirmed as part of Poland, and administratively was included in the [[Pomeranian Voivodeship (1466–1772)|Pomeranian Voivodeship]] in the province of [[Royal Prussia]] in the [[Greater Poland Province of the Polish Crown|Greater Poland Province]].

In 1589 Kuyavian Bishop and royal secretary Hieronim Rozdrażewski granted the monastery to a female order of Benedictines from [[Chełmno]],<ref name=sgk>''Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich'', Tom XIV, Warsaw, 1895, p. 743 (in Polish)</ref> who founded an abbey there in 1617. In 1772, after the [[First Partition of Poland]], the village was taken over by [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]]. The population was subjected to [[Anti-Polish sentiment|anti-Polish]] policies, including [[Germanisation]]. In 1810 Prussians prohibited the admission of new nuns to the monastery.<ref name=sgk/> In 1833 nuns expelled by the Prussians from [[Toruń]] settled in the abbey, however in 1834 the abbey was liquidated.<ref name=sgk/> During a rally in Żarnowiec in 1911, Prussians arrested a prominent Polish independence activist in [[Gdańsk Pomerania]] and local Kashubian activist [[Antoni Abraham]], who was afterwards sentenced to six weeks in prison in Gdańsk for resisting arrest.<ref>Władysław Pniewski, ''Antoni Abraham (1869-1923). Wielki patrjota z ludu kaszubskiego'', Warsaw, 1936, p. 13 (in Polish)</ref> The village was restored to Poland in 1919, after the country regained independence after [[World War I]]. The monastery was refounded in 1946 by a female order of [[Benedictines]], resettled from [[Vilnius]] from [[Territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union|former eastern Poland annexed by the Soviet Union]] in [[World War II]].

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Gmina Krokowa}}

[[Category:Kashubia]]
[[Category:Villages in Puck County]]