Editing William Lloyd Garrison (section)

===The woman question and division===
[[File:Anne Whitney, William Lloyd Garrison.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Anne Whitney]], ''William Lloyd Garrison'', 1879, [[Massachusetts Historical Society]]]]
Garrison's appeal for women's mass petitioning against slavery sparked controversy over women's right to a political voice. In 1837, women abolitionists from seven states convened in New York to expand their petitioning efforts and repudiate the social mores that proscribed their participation in public affairs. That summer, sisters [[Angelina Grimké]] and [[Sarah Grimké]] responded to the controversy aroused by their public speaking with treatises on woman's rights{{snd}}Angelina's "Letters to Catherine E. Beecher"<ref>[https://archive.org/details/letterstocather00beecgoog "Letters to Catherine E. Beecher"], Knapp (1838), Boston</ref> and Sarah's "Letters on the Equality of the Sexes and Condition of Woman"<ref>[https://archive.org/details/lettersonequali00grimgoog "Letters on the Equality of the Sexes and Condition of Woman"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402091912/https://archive.org/details/lettersonequali00grimgoog |date=April 2, 2016 }}, Knapp (1838), Boston</ref>{{snd}}and Garrison published them first in ''The Liberator'' and then in book form. Instead of surrendering to appeals for him to retreat on the "woman question," Garrison announced in December 1837 that ''The Liberator'' would support "the rights of woman to their utmost extent." The Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society appointed women to leadership positions and hired Abby Kelley as the first of several female field agents.

In 1840, Garrison's promotion of woman's rights within the anti-slavery movement was one of the issues that caused some abolitionists, including New York brothers [[Arthur Tappan]] and [[Lewis Tappan]], to leave the American Anti-Slavery Society and form the [[American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society]], which did not admit women. In June of that same year, when the [[World Anti-Slavery Convention]] meeting in London refused to seat America's women delegates, Garrison, [[Charles Lenox Remond]], [[Nathaniel P. Rogers]], and William Adams<ref>{{cite web|last1=Seldon|first1=Horace|title=The 'Women's Question' and Garrison|website=The liberator files |url=http://www.theliberatorfiles.com/the-woman-question-and-garrison/|access-date=December 9, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214103223/http://www.theliberatorfiles.com/the-woman-question-and-garrison/ |archive-date=December 14, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> refused to take their seats as delegates as well and joined the women in the spectators' gallery. The controversy introduced the woman's rights question not only to England but also to future woman's rights leader [[Elizabeth Cady Stanton]], who attended the convention as a spectator, accompanying her delegate-husband, [[Henry B. Stanton]].
[[File:Oliver Johnson (1809-1889).jpg|thumb|upright|[[Oliver Johnson (writer)|Oliver Johnson]]]]
Although Henry Stanton had cooperated in the Tappans' failed attempt to wrest leadership of the AASS from Garrison, he was part of another group of abolitionists unhappy with Garrison's influence{{snd}}those who disagreed with Garrison's insistence that because the U.S. Constitution was a pro-slavery document, abolitionists should not participate in politics and government. A growing number of abolitionists, including Stanton, [[Gerrit Smith]], [[Charles Turner Torrey]], and [[Amos A. Phelps]], wanted to form an anti-slavery political party and seek a political solution to slavery. They withdrew from the AASS in 1840, formed the [[Liberty Party (United States, 1840)|Liberty Party]], and nominated [[James G. Birney]] for president. By the end of 1840, Garrison announced the formation of a third new organization, the [[Friends of Universal Reform]], with sponsors and founding members including prominent reformers [[Maria Weston Chapman|Maria Chapman]], [[Abby Kelley|Abby Kelley Foster]], [[Oliver Johnson (writer)|Oliver Johnson]], and [[Amos Bronson Alcott]] (father of [[Louisa May Alcott]]).{{citation needed|date=March 2017}}

Although some members of the Liberty Party supported woman's rights, including [[women's suffrage]], Garrison's ''Liberator'' continued to be the leading advocate of woman's rights throughout the 1840s, publishing editorials, speeches, legislative reports, and other developments concerning the subject. In February 1849, Garrison's name headed the women's suffrage petition sent to the Massachusetts legislature, the first such petition sent to any American legislature, and he supported the subsequent annual suffrage petition campaigns organized by Lucy Stone and Wendell Phillips. Garrison took a leading role in the May 30, 1850, meeting that called the first National Woman's Rights Convention, saying in his address to that meeting that the new movement should make securing the ballot to women its primary goal.<ref>"Women's Rights Convention," ''Liberator'', June 7, 1850</ref> At the national convention held in Worcester the following October, Garrison was appointed to the National Woman's Rights Central Committee, which served as the movement's executive committee, charged with carrying out programs adopted by the conventions, raising funds, printing proceedings and tracts, and organizing annual conventions.<ref>Million, Joelle, [https://books.google.com/books?id=ydeGAAAAMAAJ&q ''Woman's Voice, Woman's Place: Lucy Stone and the Birth of the Women's Rights Movement.''] Praeger, 2003. {{ISBN|027597877X}}, pp. 104, 109, 293 note 26.</ref>