Editing Wiesbaden (section)

===Cold War and contemporary history===
After World War II, the state of Hesse was established (see [[Greater Hesse]]), and Wiesbaden became its capital, though nearby [[Frankfurt|Frankfurt am Main]] is much larger and works as Hesse's economic and financial centre. Wiesbaden however suffered much less than Frankfurt from air bombing. There is a persistent rumour that the U.S. Army Air Force spared the town with the intention of turning it into a postwar HQ, but USAAF sources claim this to be a myth, arguing that Wiesbaden's economic and strategic importance simply did not justify more bombing.{{Citation needed|date=May 2009}} Wiesbaden was host to the Headquarters, U.S. Air Forces, Europe based at the former [[Europaviertel (Wiesbaden)|Lindsey Air Station]] from 1953 to 1973.

[[American armed forces]] have been present in Wiesbaden since World War II. The [[U.S. 1st Armored Division]] was headquartered at the [[Wiesbaden Army Airfield]], just off the [[autobahn]] toward Frankfurt, until the Division completed relocation to Fort Bliss, Texas, in 2011. Wiesbaden is now home to the [[U.S. Army Europe]] Headquarters and the General [[John Shalikashvili]] Mission Command Center.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eur.army.mil/news/2012/06112014_Wiesbaden_ceremonies.html |title=Wiesbaden ceremonies mark key milestones in U.S. Army Europe transition |publisher=Eur.army.mil |date=14 June 2012 |access-date=13 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130317120017/http://www.eur.army.mil/news/2012/06112014_Wiesbaden_ceremonies.html |archive-date=17 March 2013 |url-status=dead  }}</ref>

In 1962, the American artists [[George Maciunas]], [[Dick Higgins]] and [[Alison Knowles]] traveled to Europe to promote a planned "[[Fluxus]]" publication with concerts of antique musical instruments, the “Fluxus Internationale Festspiele Neuester Music” (Fluxus International Festival of Newest Music) at the Museum Wiesbaden. Fourteen concerts were performed on four weekends between 1 and 23 September which marked the beginning of the Fluxus movement. Work by musicians such as [[John Cage]], [[György Ligeti]], [[Krzysztof Penderecki]], [[Terry Riley]], [[Brion Gysin]] and others were performed alongside new performance pieces written by Higgins, Knowles, [[George Brecht]], [[Nam June Paik]], [[Ben Patterson]], [[Robert Filliou]], [[Emmett Williams]], and others. One performance in particular, "Piano Activities" by [[Philip Corner]], became notorious by challenging the important status of the piano in post-war German homes.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.schirn.de/en/magazine/context/2019/big_orchestra/fluxus_in_wiesbaden_big_orchestra/ |title="Fluxus is a big ship on which to take a great excursion" |author=Elke Gruhn |publisher=Schirn Mag |date=9 June 2019 |access-date=29 September 2024 }}</ref>