Editing United Nations Security Council (section)

=== Non-permanent members ===
{{See also|List of members of the United Nations Security Council|United Nations Security Council elections|2023 United Nations Security Council election{{!}}2023|2024 United Nations Security Council election{{!}}2024|2025 United Nations Security Council election{{!}}2025}}

Along with the five permanent members, the Security Council of the United Nations has temporary members that hold their seats on a rotating basis by geographic region. Non-permanent members may be involved in global security briefings.<ref>{{YouTube|id=FgthI1fdRYA|title=U.N. Security Council Briefing on the U.S. Air Strike in Syria}} [[Time (magazine)|Time]]</ref> In its first two decades, the Security Council had six non-permanent members, the first of which were Australia, Brazil, Egypt, Mexico, the Netherlands and Poland. In 1965, the number of non-permanent members was expanded to ten.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The UN Security Council |url= http://www.unfoundation.org/what-we-do/issues/united-nations/the-un-security-council.html |publisher= United Nations Foundation |access-date=15 May 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120620101548/http://www.unfoundation.org/what-we-do/issues/united-nations/the-un-security-council.html |archive-date=20 June 2012 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

These ten non-permanent members are [[United Nations Security Council elections|elected]] by the [[United Nations General Assembly]] for two-year terms starting on 1 January, with five replaced each year.<ref name="Current">{{cite web |url=https://www.un.org/en/sc/members/ |title=Current Members |publisher=United Nations |access-date=4 January 2016 |archive-date=19 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219111509/http://www.un.org/en/sc/members/ |url-status=live}}</ref> To be approved, a candidate must receive at least two-thirds of all votes cast for that seat, which can result in deadlock if there are two roughly evenly matched candidates. In 1979, a standoff between Cuba and Colombia only ended after three months and a record 154 rounds of voting; both eventually withdrew in favour of Mexico as a compromise candidate.<ref name="SCR">{{cite web |title=Special Research Report No. 4Security Council Elections 201121 September 2011 |publisher=Security Council Report |access-date=8 June 2012 |url= http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/site/c.glKWLeMTIsG/b.7741609/k.778/Special_Research_Report_No_4brSecurity_Council_Elections_2011br21_September_2011.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120608042121/http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/site/c.glKWLeMTIsG/b.7741609/k.778/Special_Research_Report_No_4brSecurity_Council_Elections_2011br21_September_2011.htm |archive-date=8 June 2012}}</ref> A retiring member is not eligible for immediate re-election.<ref name="chapter5"/>

The African Group is represented by three members; the [[Latin America and the Caribbean]], Asia-Pacific, and [[Western European and Others Group|Western European and Others]] groups by two apiece; and the [[Eastern European Group]] by one. Traditionally, one of the seats assigned to either the Asia-Pacific Group or the African Group is filled by a nation from the [[Arab world]], alternating between the groups.<ref>{{cite news |last=Malone |first=David |title=Reforming the Security Council: Where Are the Arabs? |date=25 October 2003 |newspaper=[[The Daily Star (Lebanon)|The Daily Star]] |location=Beirut |url=http://www.worldpress.org/Mideast/1694.cfm |access-date=3 January 2011 |archive-date=11 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210611142412/https://www.worldpress.org/Mideast/1694.cfm |url-status=live}}</ref> Currently, elections for terms beginning in even-numbered years select two African members, and one each within Eastern Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Latin America and the Caribbean; the traditional "Arab seat" is elected for this term. Terms beginning in odd-numbered years consist of two Western European and Other members, and one each from Asia-Pacific, Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean.<ref name="SCR"/>

During the [[2016 United Nations Security Council election]], neither Italy nor the Netherlands met the required two-thirds majority for election. They subsequently agreed to split the term of the Western European and Others Group. It was the first time in over five decades that two members agreed to do so.<ref>{{cite web |title=General Assembly Elects 4 New Non-permanent Members to Security Council, as Western and Others Group Fails to Fill Final Vacancy |url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2016/ga11796.doc.htm |publisher=United Nations |access-date=9 August 2016 |archive-date=5 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160805225007/http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/ga11796.doc.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> Usually, intractable deadlocks are resolved by the candidate countries withdrawing in favour of a third member state.

The current elected members, with the regions they were elected to represent, are as follows:<ref>{{cite web |title=Current Members |url=https://www.un.org/securitycouncil/content/current-members |publisher=United Nations |access-date=1 January 2020 |archive-date=22 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322232811/https://www.un.org/securitycouncil/content/current-members |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=General Assembly Elects Estonia, Niger, Saint Vincent and Grenadines, Tunisia, Viet Nam as Non-Permanent Members of Security Council for 2020–2021 |url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2019/ga12152.doc.htm |publisher=United Nations |access-date=1 January 2020 |date=7 June 2019 |archive-date=25 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625072237/https://www.un.org/press/en/2019/ga12152.doc.htm |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Kenya wins final contested seat on Security Council |url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/06/1066632 |access-date=19 June 2020 |website=UN News |date=18 June 2020 |archive-date=21 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200621054759/https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/06/1066632 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Kenya defeats Djibouti to win a seat at the UN Security Council |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/06/kenya-defeats-djibouti-win-seat-security-council-200618194420819.html |access-date=19 June 2020 |work=Aljazeera |date=18 June 2020 |archive-date=18 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200618222028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/06/kenya-defeats-djibouti-win-seat-security-council-200618194420819.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Hamill|first=James|title=South Africa returns to UN Security Council: here's the role it should play|url=http://theconversation.com/south-africa-returns-to-un-security-council-heres-the-role-it-should-play-111371|access-date=2020-11-25|website=The Conversation|date=19 February 2019 |language=en|archive-date=24 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024111635/https://theconversation.com/south-africa-returns-to-un-security-council-heres-the-role-it-should-play-111371|url-status=live}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! Term
! colspan="3"| Africa
! colspan="2"| Asia-Pacific
!Eastern Europe
! colspan="2"| Latin America<br/>and Caribbean
! colspan="2"| Western Europe<br/>and Other<!-- THE REGIONS ARE THE UN REGIONS - PLEASE DO_NOT CHANGE "WESTERN EUROPE AND OTHER" TO "EUROPE" ETC. -->
|-
!2022
| rowspan="2" | {{nobr|{{flagdeco|Gabon}} [[Gabon]]}}
| rowspan="2" | {{nobr|{{flagdeco|Ghana}} [[Ghana]]}}
| {{flag|Kenya}}
| rowspan="2" | {{nobr|{{flagdeco|United Arab Emirates}} [[United Arab Emirates]]}}
| {{flag|India}}
| rowspan="2" | {{nobr|{{flagdeco|Albania}} [[Albania]]}}
| rowspan="2" | {{nobr|{{flagdeco|Brazil}} [[Brazil]]}}
| {{flag|Mexico}}
| {{flag|Ireland}}
| {{flag|Norway}}
|-
!2023
| rowspan="2" | {{nobr|{{flagdeco|Mozambique}} [[Mozambique]]}}
| rowspan="2" | {{nobr|{{flagdeco|Japan}} [[Japan]]}}
| rowspan="2" | {{nobr|{{flagdeco|Ecuador}} [[Ecuador]]}}
| rowspan="2" | {{nobr|{{flagdeco|Malta}} [[Malta]]}}
| rowspan="2" | {{nobr|{{flagdeco|Switzerland}} [[Switzerland]]}}
|-
!2024
| rowspan="2" | {{nobr|{{flagdeco|Algeria }} [[Algeria ]]}}
| rowspan="2" | {{nobr|{{flagdeco|Sierra Leone}} [[Sierra Leone]]}}
| rowspan="2" | {{nobr|{{flagdeco|Republic of Korea}} [[Republic of Korea]]}}
| rowspan="2" | {{nobr|{{flagdeco|Slovenia}} [[Slovenia]]}}
| rowspan="2" | {{nobr|{{flagdeco|Guyana}} [[Guyana]]}}
|-
!2025
|{{Nobr|{{flagdeco|Somalia}} [[Somalia]]}}
|{{Nobr|{{flagdeco|Pakistan}} [[Pakistan]]}}
|{{Nobr|{{flagdeco|Panama}} [[Panama]]}}
|{{Nobr|{{flagdeco|Denmark}} [[Denmark]]}}
|{{Nobr|{{flagdeco|Greece}} [[Greece]]}}
|}