Editing Turkic languages (section)

== Other possible relations ==
The Turkic language family is currently regarded as one of the world's primary [[Language family|language families]].<ref name="DRIEM 2001. Page 336"/> Turkic is one of the main members of the controversial [[Altaic languages|Altaic language family]], but Altaic currently lacks support from a majority of linguists. None of the theories linking Turkic languages to other families have a wide degree of acceptance at present. Shared features with languages grouped together as Altaic have been interpreted by most mainstream linguists to be the result of a [[sprachbund]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Janhunen |first=Juha A. |date=2023-01-17 |title=The Unity and Diversity of Altaic |url=https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-030521-042356 |journal=Annual Review of Linguistics |language=en |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=135–154 |doi=10.1146/annurev-linguistics-030521-042356 |issn=2333-9683|hdl=10138/355895 |s2cid=256126714 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>

=== Rejected or controversial theories ===

=== Korean ===
The possibility of a genetic relation between Turkic and [[Koreanic languages|Korean]], independently from Altaic, is suggested by some linguists.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sibata |first=Takesi |date=1979 |title=Some syntactic similarities between Turkish, Korean, and Japanese |journal=Central Asiatic Journal |volume=23 |issue=3/4 |pages=293–296 |issn=0008-9192 |jstor=41927271}}</ref><ref name="Star Names Li">SOME STAR NAMES IN MODERN TURKIC LANGUAGES-I – Yong-Sŏng LI – Academy of Korean Studies Grant funded by the Korean Government (MEST) (AKS-2010-AGC-2101) – Seoul National University 2014</ref><ref name="Choi1996">{{Cite journal |last=Choi |first=Han-Woo |date=1996 |title=A comparative study of Korean and Turkic: Is Korean Altaic? |url=http://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/CHOI/choi1996.pdf |journal=International Journal of Central Asian Studies |volume=1 |access-date=24 April 2019 |archive-date=12 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212190618/http://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/CHOI/choi1996.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> The linguist Kabak (2004) of the [[University of Würzburg]] states that Turkic and Korean share similar [[phonology]] as well as [[Morphology (linguistics)|morphology]]. Li Yong-Sŏng (2014)<ref name="Star Names Li" /> suggest that there are several [[cognate]]s between Turkic and [[Old Korean]]. He states that these supposed cognates can be useful to reconstruct the early Turkic language. According to him, words related to nature, earth and [[Government|ruling]] but especially to the [[sky]] and [[star]]s seem to be cognates.

The linguist Choi<ref name="Choi1996" /> suggested already in 1996 a close relationship between Turkic and Korean regardless of any Altaic connections:
{{Blockquote|text=In addition, the fact that the morphological elements are not easily borrowed between languages, added to the fact that the common morphological elements between Korean and Turkic are not less numerous than between Turkic and other Altaic languages, strengthens the possibility that there is a close genetic affinity between Korean and Turkic.|sign=Choi Han-Woo|source=A Comparative Study of Korean and Turkic (Hoseo University)}}
Many historians also point out a close non-linguistic relationship between [[Turkic peoples]] and [[Koreans]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Babayar |first=Gaybullah |date=2004 |title=On the ancient relations between the Turkic and Korean peoples |url=http://journals.manas.edu.kg/mjtc/oldarchives/2004/15_779-2047-1-PB.pdf |journal=Journal of Turkic Civilization Studies |issue=1 |pages=151–155 |access-date=24 April 2019 |archive-date=13 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190713025335/http://journals.manas.edu.kg/mjtc/oldarchives/2004/15_779-2047-1-PB.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Especially close were the relations between the [[Göktürks]] and [[Goguryeo]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tae-Don |first=Noh |date=2016 |title=Relations between ancient Korea and Turkey: An examination of contacts between Koguryŏ and the Turkic Khaganate |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/646472 |journal=Seoul Journal of Korean Studies |language=en |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=361–369 |doi=10.1353/seo.2016.0017 |hdl=10371/164838 |s2cid=151445857 |issn=2331-4826 |access-date=24 April 2019 |archive-date=24 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424183833/https://muse.jhu.edu/article/646472 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Uralic ===
Some linguists suggested a relation to [[Uralic languages]], especially to the [[Ugric languages]]. This view is rejected and seen as obsolete by mainstream linguists. Similarities are because of language contact and borrowings mostly from Turkic into Ugric languages. Stachowski (2015) states that any relation between Turkic and Uralic must be a contact one.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stachowski |first=Marek |date=2015 |title=Turkic pronouns against a Uralic background |url=https://www.academia.edu/12022061 |journal=Iran and the Caucasus |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=79–86 |doi=10.1163/1573384X-20150106 |issn=1609-8498 |access-date=24 April 2019 |archive-date=24 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124081956/https://www.academia.edu/12022061 |url-status=live }}</ref>