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Transmembrane protein
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==3D structures== {{see also|Transporter Classification Database}} ===Light absorption-driven transporters=== * [[Bacteriorhodopsin]]-like proteins including [[rhodopsin]] (see also [[opsin]]) * Bacterial [[photosynthetic reaction centre]]s and [[photosystem]]s I and II * [[Light-harvesting complex]]es from [[bacteria]] and [[chloroplasts]] ===Oxidoreduction-driven transporters=== * Transmembrane cytochrome b-like proteins: [[coenzyme Q - cytochrome c reductase]] (cytochrome bc1 ); [[cytochrome b6f complex]]; formate dehydrogenase, respiratory [[nitrate reductase]]; [[succinate - coenzyme Q reductase]] (fumarate reductase); and [[succinate dehydrogenase]]. See [[electron transport chain]]. * [[Cytochrome c oxidase]]s from [[bacteria]] and [[mitochondria]] ===Electrochemical potential-driven transporters=== * Proton or sodium translocating F-type and V-type [[ATPase]]s ===P-P-bond hydrolysis-driven transporters=== * P-type [[calcium ATPase]] (five different conformations) * Calcium ATPase regulators [[phospholamban]] and [[sarcolipin]] * [[ABC transporter]]s * General [[secretory pathway]] (Sec) [[translocon]] (preprotein translocase SecY) ===Porters (uniporters, symporters, antiporters)=== * [[Mitochondrial]] [[carrier protein]]s * Major Facilitator Superfamily (Glycerol-3-phosphate transporter, Lactose [[permease]], and Multidrug transporter EmrD) * [[Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division Superfamily (RND)|Resistance-nodulation-cell division]] (multidrug [[efflux (microbiology)|efflux]] transporter AcrB, see [[multidrug resistance]]) * Dicarboxylate/amino acid:cation symporter (proton glutamate symporter) * Monovalent cation/proton antiporter (Sodium/proton antiporter 1 NhaA) * [[Neurotransmitter]] sodium symporter * Ammonia transporters * Drug/Metabolite Transporter (small multidrug resistance transporter EmrE - the structures are retracted as erroneous) ===Alpha-helical channels including ion channels=== * [[Voltage-gated ion channel]] like, including [[potassium channel]]s KcsA and KvAP, and [[inward-rectifier potassium ion channel]] Kirbac * [[Large-conductance mechanosensitive channel, MscL]] * [[Mechanosensitive ion channel|Small-conductance mechanosensitive ion channel (MscS)]] * [[Magnesium transporters|CorA metal ion transporters]] * [[Ligand-gated ion channel]] of [[neurotransmitter]] receptors ([[acetylcholine receptor]]) * [[Aquaporin]]s * [[Chloride channel]]s * Outer membrane auxiliary proteins (polysaccharide transporter) - Ξ±-helical transmembrane proteins from the outer bacterial membrane ===Enzymes=== * [[Methane monooxygenase]] * [[Rhomboid protease]] * [[Disulfide bond]] formation protein (DsbA-DsbB complex) ===Proteins with single transmembrane alpha-helices=== * Subunits of [[T cell receptor]] complex * Cytochrome c [[nitrite reductase]] complex * [[Glycophorin]] A dimer * Inovirus ([[filamentous phage]]) major coat protein * [[Pilin]] * [[Pulmonary surfactant]]-associated protein * [[Monoamine oxidase]]s A and B * [[Fatty acid amide hydrolase]]<ref name="pmid12459591">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bracey MH, Hanson MA, Masuda KR, Stevens RC, Cravatt BF | s2cid = 22656813 | title = Structural adaptations in a membrane enzyme that terminates endocannabinoid signaling | journal = Science | volume = 298 | issue = 5599 | pages = 1793β6 |date=November 2002 | pmid = 12459591 | doi = 10.1126/science.1076535 | bibcode = 2002Sci...298.1793B }}</ref> * [[Cytochrome P450 oxidase]]s * [[Mineralocorticoid|Corticosteroid 11Ξ²-dehydrogenases]] . * [[Signal Peptide Peptidase]] ===Beta-barrels composed of a single polypeptide chain=== * Beta barrels from eight beta-strands and with "shear number" of ten (''n=8, S=10''). They include: ** [[OmpA-like transmembrane domain]] (OmpA) ** [[Virulence-related outer membrane protein family]] (OmpX) ** [[Outer membrane protein W family]] (OmpW) ** [[Antimicrobial peptide resistance and lipid A acylation protein family]] (PagP) ** [[Lipid A deacylase PagL]] ** [[Opacity family porins]] (NspA) * [[Autotransporter domain]] (''n=12,S=14'') * [[FadL outer membrane protein transport family]], including [[Fatty acid]] transporter FadL (''n=14,S=14'') * [[General bacterial porin family]], known as trimeric [[porin (protein)|porins]] (''n=16,S=20'') * [[Maltoporin]], or sugar [[porin (protein)|porins]] (''n=18,S=22'') * [[Nucleoside-specific porin]] (''n=12,S=16'') * [[Outer membrane phospholipase A1]](''n=12,S=16'') * [[TonB-dependent receptors]] and their [[TonB-dependent receptors#Plug domain|plug domain]]. They are ligand-gated outer membrane channels (''n=22,S=24''), including [[cobalamin]] transporter BtuB, Fe(III)-pyochelin receptor FptA, receptor FepA, ferric hydroxamate uptake receptor FhuA, transporter FecA, and pyoverdine receptor FpvA * [[Outer membrane protein OpcA]] family (''n=10,S=12'') that includes outer membrane [[protease]] OmpT and [[Outer membrane protein OpcA|adhesin/invasin OpcA protein]] * [[Outer membrane protein G]] porin family (''n=14,S=16'') Note: ''n'' and ''S'' are, respectively, the number of beta-strands and the "shear number"<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/0022-2836(94)90064-7 |vauthors=Murzin AG, Lesk AM, Chothia C |title=Principles determining the structure of beta-sheet barrels in proteins. I. A theoretical analysis |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=236 |issue=5 |pages=1369β81 |date=March 1994 |pmid=8126726 }}</ref> of the [[beta-barrel]] ===Beta-barrels composed of several polypeptide chains=== * [[Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesins (TAA)|Trimeric autotransporter]] (''n=12,S=12'') * [[Outer membrane efflux proteins]], also known as trimeric outer membrane factors (n=12,S=18) including TolC and multidrug resistance proteins * [[MspA porin]] (octamer, ''n=S=16'') and Ξ±-hemolysin (heptamer ''n=S=14'') . These proteins are secreted.
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