Editing Tajikistan (section)

== Geography ==
{{Main|Geography of Tajikistan}}
[[File:Tajikistan satellite photo.jpg|thumb|Satellite photograph]]
[[File:Koppen-Geiger_Map_TJK_present.svg|thumb|Map of [[Köppen climate classification]]]]
Tajikistan is [[landlocked country|landlocked]], and is the smallest nation in Central Asia by area. It lies mostly between latitudes [[36th parallel north|36°]] and [[41st parallel north|41° N]], and longitudes [[67th meridian east|67°]] and [[75th meridian east|75° E]]. It is covered by mountains of the [[Pamir Mountains|Pamir]] range, and most of the country is over {{convert|3000|m|ft}} above [[sea level]]. The areas of lower land are in the north (part of the [[Fergana Valley]]), and in the southern [[Kofarnihon River|Kofarnihon]] and [[Vakhsh River|Vakhsh]] river valleys, which form the Amu Darya. [[Dushanbe]] is located on the southern slopes above the Kofarnihon valley.

{| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:85%; margin:auto;"
|-
|style="text-align: center;" |Mountain
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:rgb(204, 153, 51); text-align:center;"|Height
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:rgb(204, 153, 51); text-align:center;"|Location
|-
| [[Ismoil Somoni Peak]] (highest)
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(143, 177, 172);"|7,495&nbsp;m
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(143, 177, 172);"|24,590&nbsp;ft
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(143, 177, 172);"|{{nbsp|4}}North-western edge of [[Gorno-Badakhshan]] ([[GBAO]]), south of the [[Kyrgyzstan|Kyrgyz]] border
|-
| [[Ibn Sina Peak]] ([[Lenin Peak]])
|style="text-align: center;" |7,134&nbsp;m
|style="text-align: center;" |23,537&nbsp;ft
|style="text-align: center;" |{{nbsp|4}}Northern border in the [[Trans-Alay Range]], north-east of [[Ismoil Somoni Peak]]
|-
|[[Peak Korzhenevskaya]]
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(201, 185, 116);"|7,105&nbsp;m
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(201, 185, 116);"|23,310&nbsp;ft
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(201, 185, 116);"|{{nbsp|4}}North of [[Ismoil Somoni Peak]], on the south bank of [[Muksu River]]
|-
|[[Independence Peak]] ([[Revolution Peak]])
|style="text-align: center;" |6,974&nbsp;m
|style="text-align: center;" |22,881&nbsp;ft
|style="text-align: center;" |{{nbsp|4}}Central [[Gorno-Badakhshan]], south-east of [[Ismoil Somoni Peak]]
|-
|[[Academy of Sciences Range]]
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(151, 199, 137);"|6,785&nbsp;m
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(151, 199, 137);"|22,260&nbsp;ft
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(151, 199, 137);"|{{nbsp|4}}North-western [[Gorno-Badakhshan]], stretches in the north–south direction
|-
|[[Karl Marx Peak]]
|style="text-align: center;" |6,726&nbsp;m
|style="text-align: center;" |22,067&nbsp;ft
|style="text-align: center;" |{{nbsp|4}}[[GBAO]], near the border to [[Afghanistan]] in the northern ridge of the [[Karakoram Range]]
|-
|[[Garmo Peak]]
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(151, 199, 137);"|6,595&nbsp;m
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(151, 199, 137);"|21,637&nbsp;ft
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(151, 199, 137);"|{{nbsp|4}}Northwestern Gorno-Badakhshan.
|-
|[[Mayakovskiy Peak]]
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(208, 172, 132);"|6,096&nbsp;m
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(208, 172, 132);"|20,000&nbsp;ft
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(208, 172, 132);"|{{nbsp|4}}Extreme south-west of [[GBAO]], near the border to Afghanistan.
|-
|[[Concord Peak]]
|style="text-align: center;" |5,469&nbsp;m
|style="text-align: center;" |17,943&nbsp;ft
|style="text-align: center;" |{{nbsp|4}}Southern border in the northern ridge of the [[Karakoram Range]]
|-
| [[Kyzylart Pass]]
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(208, 172, 132);"|4,280&nbsp;m
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(208, 172, 132);"|14,042&nbsp;ft
| style="text-align:center; background:rgb(208, 172, 132);"|{{nbsp|4}}Northern border in the [[Trans-Alay Range]]
|}

The [[Amu Darya]] and [[Panj River|Panj]] rivers mark the border with Afghanistan, and the glaciers in Tajikistan's mountains are the source of [[runoff (water)|runoff]] for the [[Aral Sea]]. There are over 900 rivers in Tajikistan longer than 10 kilometres.

=== Administrative divisions ===
{{Main|Regions of Tajikistan|Districts of Tajikistan}}
{{stack|{{Tajikistan Provinces Image Map}}}}
[[File:Tajik mountains edit.jpg|thumb|Mountains]]
Tajikistan consists of four administrative divisions. These are the provinces ([[viloyat]]) of [[Sughd]] and [[Khatlon]], the autonomous province of [[Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province|Gorno-Badakhshan]] (abbreviated as GBAO), and the [[Regions of Republican Subordination]] (RRP&nbsp;– Raiony Respublikanskogo Podchineniya in [[Romanization of Russian|transliteration]] from Russian or NTJ – Ноҳияҳои тобеи ҷумҳурӣ [Nohiyahoi tobei jumhurii] in [[Tajik language|Tajik]]). Each region is divided into [[Districts of Tajikistan|districts]] ({{langx|tg|Ноҳия}}, ''nohiya'' or ''raion''), which in turn are subdivided into ''[[Jamoats of Tajikistan|jamoats]]'' (village-level self-governing units) and then villages (''[[Qyshloqs of Tajikistan|qyshloqs]]''). {{As of|2006}}, there were 58 districts and 367 jamoats in Tajikistan.<ref name=pop2008 />
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="background:#efefef;"
! Division !! [[ISO 3166-2]] !! Map No !! Capital !! Area (km<sup>2</sup>)<ref name=pop2008>''Population of the Republic of Tajikistan as of 1 January 2008'', State Statistical Committee, Dushanbe, 2008 {{in lang|ru}}</ref>!! Pop. (2019)<ref>{{cite web |title=Population size, Republic of Tajikistan on January 1, 2019 |url=http://stat.ww.tj/publications/July2019/macmuai_sumorai_aholi_to_1_anvari_soli_2019.pdf |publisher=Tajikistan Statistics Agency |access-date=28 March 2020 |pages=16–29 |language=tg |date=2019 |archive-date=2 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702021130/http://www.stat.tj/ru/img/65a709121baf8a64bf15d33f398aafde_1435736807.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
! [[Sughd]]
| |TJ-SU || 1 || [[Khujand]] ||align="right"| 25,400 ||align="right"| 2,658,400
|-
! [[Region of Republican Subordination]]
| TJ-RR || 2 || [[Dushanbe]] ||align="right"| 28,600 ||align="right"| 2,122,000
|-
! [[Khatlon]]
| TJ-KT|| 3 || [[Bokhtar]]　||align="right"| 24,800 ||align="right"| 3,274,900
|-
! [[Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province|Gorno-Badakhshan]]
| TJ-GB|| 4 || [[Khorugh]] ||align="right"| 64,200 ||align="right"| 226,900
|-
! [[Dushanbe]]
|  || || [[Dushanbe]] ||align="right"| 124.6 ||align="right"| 846,400
|}

===Biodiversity===
Tajikistan contains five terrestrial ecoregions: [[Alai-Western Tian Shan steppe]], [[Gissaro-Alai open woodlands]], [[Pamir alpine desert and tundra]], [[Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert]], and [[Paropamisus xeric woodlands]].<ref name="DinersteinOlson2017">{{cite journal|last1=Dinerstein|first1=Eric|last2=Olson|first2=David|last3=Joshi|first3=Anup|last4=Vynne|first4=Carly|last5=Burgess|first5=Neil D.|last6=Wikramanayake|first6=Eric|last7=Hahn|first7=Nathan|last8=Palminteri|first8=Suzanne|last9=Hedao|first9=Prashant|last10=Noss|first10=Reed|last11=Hansen|first11=Matt|last12=Locke|first12=Harvey|last13=Ellis|first13=Erle C|last14=Jones|first14=Benjamin|last15=Barber|first15=Charles Victor|last16=Hayes|first16=Randy|last17=Kormos|first17=Cyril|last18=Martin|first18=Vance|last19=Crist|first19=Eileen|last20=Sechrest|first20=Wes|last21=Price|first21=Lori|last22=Baillie|first22=Jonathan E. M.|last23=Weeden|first23=Don|last24=Suckling|first24=Kierán|last25=Davis|first25=Crystal|last26=Sizer|first26=Nigel|last27=Moore|first27=Rebecca|last28=Thau|first28=David|last29=Birch|first29=Tanya|last30=Potapov|first30=Peter|last31=Turubanova|first31=Svetlana|last32=Tyukavina|first32=Alexandra|last33=de Souza|first33=Nadia|last34=Pintea|first34=Lilian|last35=Brito|first35=José C.|last36=Llewellyn|first36=Othman A.|last37=Miller|first37=Anthony G.|last38=Patzelt|first38=Annette|last39=Ghazanfar|first39=Shahina A.|last40=Timberlake|first40=Jonathan|last41=Klöser|first41=Heinz|last42=Shennan-Farpón|first42=Yara|last43=Kindt|first43=Roeland|last44=Lillesø|first44=Jens-Peter Barnekow|last45=van Breugel|first45=Paulo|last46=Graudal|first46=Lars|last47=Voge|first47=Maianna|last48=Al-Shammari|first48=Khalaf F.|last49=Saleem|first49=Muhammad|display-authors=1|title=An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm|journal=BioScience|volume=67|issue=6|year=2017|pages=534–545|issn=0006-3568|doi=10.1093/biosci/bix014|pmid=28608869|pmc=5451287|doi-access=free}}</ref>