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=== International co-productions === {{Main|Sesame Street international co-productions}} Soon after ''Sesame Street'' debuted in the US, the CTW was asked independently by producers from several countries to produce versions of the series in their countries.<ref name="cole-147">Cole et al. in Fisch & Truglio, p. 147</ref> Cooney remarked, "To be frank, I was really surprised, because we thought we were creating the quintessential American show. We thought the Muppets were quintessentially American, and it turns out they're the most international characters ever created".<ref name="knowlton">{{cite AV media| people = Knowlton, Linda Goldstein and Linda Hawkins Costigan (producers) | year = 2006| title = The World According to Sesame Street| medium = documentary| publisher = Participant Productions }}</ref> She hired former [[CBS]] executive Mike Dann, who quit commercial television to become her assistant, as a CTW vice-president. One of Dann's tasks was to manage offers to produce versions of ''Sesame Street'' in other countries. In response to Dann's appointment, television critic [[Marvin Kitman]] said, "After [Dann] sells [''Sesame Street''] in Russia and Czechoslovakia, he might try Mississippi, where it is considered too controversial for educational TV".<ref name="davis-209">Davis, p. 209</ref> This was a reference to the May 1970 decision by the state's [[Mississippi Public Broadcasting|PBS station]] to not air the series.<ref>{{cite news | last = Guernsey | first = Lisa | title = How Sesame Street Changed the World | work = Newsweek | date = 23 May 2009 | url = http://www.newsweek.com/2009/05/22/sesame-street.html | access-date = 23 November 2019 | archive-date = 12 April 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160412165902/http://www.newsweek.com/2009/05/22/sesame-street.html | url-status = live }}</ref> By summer 1970, Dann had made the first international agreements for what the CTW came to term "co-productions".<ref name="davis-209" /> [[File:TakalaniSesame-set.jpg|right|thumb|The [[South Africa]]n co-production ''[[Takalani Sesame]]'', with its unique set and some of the show's characters|alt=Television set, showing a large brick building on a city street; to the right, a large puppet is pushing a wheelbarrow and to the left, a man, next to a phone booth, is bending over several mail bags. Closer to the front of the image is a signpost, with a triangle that has a black figure and a yellow background, on top.]] The earliest international versions were what CTW vice-president Charlotte Cole and her colleagues termed "fairly simple",<ref name="cole-147"/> consisting of dubbed versions of the series with local language voice-overs and instructional cutaways. Dubbed versions of the series continued to be produced if the country's needs and resources warranted it.<ref>Gikow, p. 252</ref> Eventually, a variant of the CTW model was used to create and produce independently produced preschool television series in other countries.<ref>Cole et al., in Fisch & Truglio, p. 148</ref> By 2006, there were twenty co-productions.<ref name="knowlton" /> In 2001, there were more than 120 million viewers of all international versions of ''Sesame Street'',<ref name="cole-147" /> and by the show's 50th anniversary in 2019, 190 million children viewed over 160 versions of ''Sesame Street'' in 70 languages.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wallace |first1=Debra |title=Big Bird Has 4,000 Feathers: 21 Fun Facts About Sesame Street That Will Blow Your Mind |url=https://parade.com/840056/debrawallace/big-bird-has-4000-feathers-21-things-about-sesame-street-that-will-blow-your-mind/ |access-date=23 November 2019 |work=Parade |date=23 November 2019 |archive-date=5 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210405031949/https://parade.com/840056/debrawallace/big-bird-has-4000-feathers-21-things-about-sesame-street-that-will-blow-your-mind/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="leaving">{{cite web |last1=Bradley |first1=Diana |title=Leaving the neighborhood: 'Sesame Street' muppets to travel across America next year |url=https://www.prweek.com/article/1489073/leaving-neighborhood-sesame-street-muppets-travel-across-america-next-year |website=PR Weekly |access-date=23 November 2019 |date=27 July 2018 |archive-date=19 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619232740/https://www.prweek.com/article/1489073/leaving-neighborhood-sesame-street-muppets-travel-across-america-next-year |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2005, Doreen Carvajal of ''The New York Times'' reported that income from the co-productions and international licensing accounted for $96 million.<ref>{{Cite news|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/12/business/media/12sesame.html?_r=2&pagewanted=print&|title = Sesame Street Goes Global: Let's All Count the Revenue|last = Carvajal|first = Doreen|date = 12 December 2005|work = The New York Times|access-date = 23 November 2019}}</ref> As Cole and her colleagues reported in 2000, "Children's Television Workshop (CTW) can be regarded as the single largest informal educator of young children in the world".<ref name="cole-147"/>
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