Editing Salamander (section)

====Vocalization====
Salamanders are usually considered to have no voice and do not use sound for communication in the way that frogs do. Before mating, they communicate by pheromone signaling; some species make quiet ticking, clicking, squeaks or popping noises,<ref name=":2" /> perhaps by the opening and closing of valves in the nose. Most salamanders lack vocal cords, but a larynx is present in the mudpuppy (Necturus) and some other species, and the Pacific giant salamanders and a few others have a large larynx and bands known as plicae vocales.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Rur4DwAAQBAJ&dq=Pacific+giant+salamander+larynx+bands+plicae+vocales&pg=PA123 Vertebrate Biology: Systematics, Taxonomy, Natural History, and Conservation]</ref> The [[California giant salamander]] can produce a bark or rattle, and a few species can squeak by contracting muscles in the throat. The arboreal salamander can squeak using a different mechanism; it retracts its eyes into its head, forcing air out of its mouth. The [[Ensatina|ensatina salamander]] occasionally makes a hissing sound, while the [[Siren (genus)|sirens]] sometimes produce quiet clicks, and can resort to faint shrieks if attacked. Similar clicking behaviour was observed in two European newts ''[[Lissotriton vulgaris]]'' and ''[[Ichthyosaura alpestris]]'' in their aquatic phase.<ref name=":2">{{cite journal |author1=Hubáček, J. |author2=Šugerková, M. |author3=Gvoždík, L. |year=2019 |title=Underwater sound production varies within not between species in sympatric newts |journal=PeerJ |volume=7 |page=e6649 |doi=10.7717/peerj.6649|pmid=30944780 |pmc=6441559 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Vocalization in salamanders has been little studied and the purpose of these sounds is presumed to be the startling of predators.<ref name=stebbins77>Stebbins & Cohen (1995) pp. 76–77</ref>

[[File:Salamander -QDB.JPG|thumb|upright|Salamanders need moist environments to respire through their skin.]]