Editing Saddam Hussein (section)

==== Peace treaty with Iran ====
{{Main|1975 Algiers Agreement}}

[[File:Saddam_&_Shah_(1975).png|thumb|Saddam and Reza Shah during the Algiers agreement]]
Iran and Iraq had been engaged in a long-standing territorial dispute over the Shatt al-Arab waterway, which serves as the border between the two countries.<ref name="aljazeera.com-2" /> Iran had backed Kurdish separatists in northern Iraq.<ref name="aljazeera.com-2" /> A peace treaty, which aimed to address the Shatt al-Arab dispute, was signed in 1975.<ref name="aljazeera.com-2">{{Cite web |title=Timeline: Iran-Arab relations |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2009/4/13/timeline-iran-arab-relations |access-date=21 March 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref> The 1975 Algiers Agreement, also known as the Algiers Accord, was a significant diplomatic agreement signed between Iran and Iraq on 6 March 1975, to settle border disputes and improve bilateral relations.<ref name="aljazeera.com-2" /> It was mediated by the then president of [[Algeria]], [[Houari Boumediene]].<ref name="aljazeera.com-2" /> Under the accord, Iraq was granted sovereignty over the eastern bank of the waterway, while Iran retained control over the western bank.<ref name="aljazeera.com-2" /> Following the agreement, Iraq and Iran restored full diplomatic relations and exchanged ambassadors, representing a significant diplomatic breakthrough.<ref name="aljazeera.com-2" /> The Shah withdrew support of the Kurds, who were promptly defeated by the Iraqis during the [[Second Iraqi–Kurdish War|Second Iraqi-Kurdish War]].