Editing Rosaceae (section)

==== Amygdaloideae basal ====
Amygdaloideae has been identified as the [[basal (phylogenetics)|earliest branching]] subfamily by Chin et al. (2014),<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Chin SW, Shaw J, Haberle R, Wen J, Potter D | year = 2014 | title = Diversification of almonds, peaches, plums and cherries—Molecular systematics and biogeographic history of ''Prunus'' (Rosaceae) | journal = [[Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|Mol Phylogenet Evol]] | volume = 76 | pages = 34–48 | doi = 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.02.024 | pmid = 24631854| bibcode = 2014MolPE..76...34C }}</ref> Li et al. (2015),<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Li HL, Wang W, Mortimer PE, Li RQ, Li DZ, Hyde KD, Xu JC, Soltis DE, Chen ZD | year = 2015 | title = Large-scale phylogenetic analyses reveal multiple gains of actinorhizal nitrogen-fixing symbioses in angiosperms associated with climate change | journal = [[Scientific Reports|Sci Rep]] | volume = 5 | page = 14023 | doi = 10.1038/srep14023 | pmid = 26354898 | pmc = 4650596| bibcode = 2015NatSR...514023L }}</ref> Li et al. (2016),<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Li HL, Wang W, Li RQ, Zhang JB, Sun M, Naeem R, Su JX, Xiang XG, Mortimer PE, Li DZ, Hyde KD, Xu JC, Soltis DE, Soltis PS, Li J, Zhang SZ, Wu H, Chen ZD, Lu AM | year = 2016 | title = Global versus Chinese perspectives on the phylogeny of the N-fixing clade | journal = [[Journal of Systematics and Evolution]] | volume = 54 | issue = 4 | pages = 392–399 | doi = 10.1111/jse.12201| s2cid = 88546939 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2016JSyEv..54..392L }}</ref> and Sun et al. (2016).<ref>{{cite journal | year = 2016 | title = Phylogeny of the Rosidae: A dense taxon sampling analysis | journal = [[Journal of Systematics and Evolution]] | volume = 54 | issue = 4 | pages = 363–391 | doi = 10.1111/jse.12211 |author=Sun Miao |author2=Naeem Rehan |author3=Su Jun-Xia |author4=Cao Zhi-Yong |author5=Burleigh J. Gordon |author6=Soltis Pamela S. |author7=Soltis Douglas E. |author8=Chen Zhi-Duan | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2016JSyEv..54..363S }}</ref> Most recently Zhang et al. (2017) recovered these relationships using whole [[plastid]] genomes:<ref name="Zhang">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zhang SD, Jin JJ, Chen SY, Chase MW, Soltis DE, Li HT, Yang JB, Li DZ, Yi TS | year = 2017 | title = Diversification of Rosaceae since the Late Cretaceous based on plastid phylogenomics | journal = [[New Phytologist|New Phytol]] | volume = 214 | issue = 3 | pages = 1355–1367 | pmid = 28186635 | doi = 10.1111/nph.14461| doi-access = free | bibcode = 2017NewPh.214.1355Z }}</ref>

{{Clade
|1={{clade
  |label1=Rosaceae
  |1={{clade
    |label1='''[[Amygdaloideae]]'''
    |1={{clade
      |1={{clade
        |1={{clade
          |1={{clade
            |1={{clade
              |1={{clade
                |label1=Malodae
                |1={{clade
                  |1=[[Maleae]]
                  |2=[[Gillenieae]]
                   }}
                |2=[[Spiraeeae]]
                 }}
              |2=[[Sorbarieae]] <!-- =Adenostomeae -->
               }}
            |2=[[Amygdaleae]]
             }}
          |label2=Kerriodae
          |2={{clade
            |1=[[Kerrieae]]
            |2=[[Exochordeae]] <!-- =Osmaronieae -->
             }}
           }}
        |2=[[Neillieae]]
         }}
      |2=[[Lyonothamneae]]
       }}
    |2={{clade
      |label1='''[[Rosoideae]]'''
      |1={{clade
        |label1=Rosodae
        |1={{clade
          |1={{clade
            |1={{clade
              |1={{clade
                |1=[[Potentilleae]]
                |2=[[Roseae]]
                 }}
              |2=[[Sanguisorbeae|Agrimonieae]]
               }}
            |2=[[Rubeae]]
             }}
          |2=[[Colurieae]] <!-- =Geeae -->
           }}
        |2=[[Ulmarieae]]
         }}
      |label2='''[[Dryadoideae]]'''
      |2=[[Dryadeae]]
       }}
     }}
  |2=[[Outgroup (cladistics)|outgroup]]
   }}
}}

The sister relationship between Dryadoideae and Rosoideae is supported by the following shared morphological characters not found in Amygdaloideae: presence of stipules, separation of the [[hypanthium]] from the [[ovary (botany)|ovary]], and the fruits are usually achenes.<ref name="Zhang" />