Editing Riesling (section)

===Australia and New Zealand===
[[File:Opera House wine detail2.JPG|right|thumb|155px|Gold lettering on collectible [[Sydney Opera House]] wine]]
In 1838 [[William Macarthur]] planted Riesling vines near [[Penrith, New South Wales|Penrith]] in [[New South Wales]].<ref>[http://www.dtftwid.qld.gov.au/Wine/Helpful+Information/Viticulture/Riesling Queensland Government Wine Development-Riesling] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720222340/http://www.dtftwid.qld.gov.au/wine/Helpful+Information/Viticulture/Riesling |date=2008-07-20}}.</ref> Riesling was the most planted white grape in Australia until the early 1990s when [[Chardonnay]] greatly increased in popularity.<ref name="Encyclopedia_Grapes_198"/> Riesling still flourishes in the Great Southern of [[Western Australia]] (in particular Mt Barker, Frankland River and Porongurup), and in [[South Australia]] in the [[Clare Valley wine region|Clare Valley]], and particularly in the areas of [[Watervale, South Australia|Watervale]] and around Polish Hill River, and the cooler [[Eden Valley wine region|Eden Valley]] and [[High Eden]]. The warmer Australian climate produces thicker skinned grapes, sometimes seven times the thickness of German grown grapes.<ref name="Encyclopedia_Grapes_195"/> The grapes ripen in free draining soil composed of red soil over [[limestone]] and [[shale]], producing a lean wine that, as it matures, produces toasty, honeycomb and lime aromas and flavors. It is common for Australian Rieslings to be fermented at low temperatures in stainless steel tanks with no oxidation of the wine, followed by earlier bottling.<ref name = "Encyclopedia_Grapes_199">Oz Clarke, ''The Encyclopedia of Grapes'' Websters International Publishers 2001, p. 199 {{ISBN|0-15-100714-4}}.</ref>

Australian Rieslings are noted for their oily texture and citrus fruit flavors in their youth and a smooth balance of freshness and acid as they age. The botrytized Rieslings have immense levels of flavor concentrations that have been favorably compared to lemon marmalade.<ref name="Enjoying_Wine_75">Stuart Walton, ''Understanding, Choosing and Enjoying Wine'' Hermes House 2006, p. 75 {{ISBN|1-84081-177-3}}.</ref>

Riesling was first planted in New Zealand in the 1970s and has flourished in the relatively cool climate of the [[Marlborough Region|Marlborough]] area and for late harvests in the Nelson region. In comparison to Australian Riesling, New Zealand produces lighter and more delicate wines that range from sweet to dry.<ref name="Walton">Stuart Walton, ''Understanding, Choosing and Enjoying Wine'' Hermes House 2006, p. 71 {{ISBN|1-84081-177-3}}.</ref> [[Central Otago wine region|Central Otago]], the home of cool climate wines, has recently emerged as another area producing terroir driven Rieslings.