Editing Richmond, Virginia (section)

==Geography==
{{See also|Greater Richmond Region}}

Richmond is located at {{Coord|37|32|N|77|28|W|region:US}} (37.538, −77.462). According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{cvt|62|sqmi|km2}}, of which {{cvt|60|sqmi|km2}} is land and {{cvt|2.7|sqmi|km2}} (4.3%) is water.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=April 23, 2011 |date=February 12, 2011 |title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990 |archive-date=August 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190824085937/https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The city is in the [[Piedmont region of Virginia]], at the James River's highest navigable point. The Piedmont region is characterized by relatively low, rolling hills, and lies between the low, flat [[Tidewater region of Virginia|Tidewater]] region and the [[Blue Ridge Mountains]]. Significant bodies of water in the region include the [[James River (Virginia)|James River]], the [[Appomattox River]], and the [[Chickahominy River]].[[File:Richmond Virginia by Sentinel-2.jpg|thumb|The Richmond area, seen from the [[Sentinel-2]] satellite in mid-August 2022.]][[Richmond-Petersburg]] is the [[List of United States metropolitan statistical areas by population|44th largest Metropolitan Statistical Area]] (MSA) in the United States, and includes the independent cities of Richmond, [[Colonial Heights, Virginia|Colonial Heights]], [[Hopewell, Virginia|Hopewell]], and [[Petersburg, Virginia|Petersburg]], and the counties of [[Charles City County, Virginia|Charles City]], [[Chesterfield County, Virginia|Chesterfield]], [[Dinwiddie County, Virginia|Dinwiddie]], [[Goochland County, Virginia|Goochland]], [[Hanover County, Virginia|Hanover]], [[Henrico County, Virginia|Henrico]], [[New Kent County, Virginia|New Kent]], [[Powhatan County, Virginia|Powhatan]], and [[Prince George County, Virginia|Prince George]].<ref name="RIPE_report">"[http://www.richmondregional.org/Publications/Data/RIPE_Jan_06.pdf The Richmond-Petersburg MSA at a Glance] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070808015807/http://www.richmondregional.org/Publications/Data/RIPE_Jan_06.pdf |date=August 8, 2007 }}." ''[http://www.richmondregional.org/ Richmond Regional Planning District Commission] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070718062354/http://www.richmondregional.org/ |date=July 18, 2007 }}.'' January 2006. Retrieved on July 12, 2007.</ref> On July 1, 2009, the Richmond—Petersburg [[Metropolitan Statistical Area|MSA]]'s population was 1,258,251.

Richmond is located {{cvt|21.69|mi|km}} north of [[Petersburg, Virginia]], {{cvt|66.1|mi|km}} southeast of [[Charlottesville, Virginia]], {{cvt|79.24|mi|km}} northwest of [[Norfolk, Virginia]], {{cvt|96.87|mi|km}} south of [[Washington, D.C.]], and {{cvt|138.72|mi|km}} northeast of [[Raleigh, North Carolina]].

===Cityscape===
[[File:RichmondNSEW.png|thumb|Richmond is often subdivided into the [[North Side (Richmond Virginia)|North Side]], [[Southside (Richmond, Virginia)|Southside]], [[East End (Richmond, Virginia)|East End]], and [[The West End (Richmond, Virginia)|West End]].]]
{{See also|Neighborhoods of Richmond, Virginia}}

Richmond's original street grid, laid out in 1737, included the area between what are now Broad, 17th, and 25th Streets and the James River. Modern [[Downtown Richmond]] is slightly farther west, on the slopes of Shockoe Hill. Nearby neighborhoods include [[Shockoe Bottom]], the historically significant and low-lying area between Shockoe Hill and [[Church Hill, Richmond, Virginia|Church Hill]], and Monroe Ward, which contains the [[Jefferson Hotel (Richmond, Virginia)|Jefferson Hotel]]. Richmond's East End includes neighborhoods like the rapidly gentrifying [[Church Hill, Richmond, Virginia|Church Hill]], home to [[St. John's Episcopal Church, Richmond, Virginia|St. John's Church]], poorer areas like [[Fulton Hill|Fulton]], Union Hill, and Fairmont, and public housing projects like [[Mosby Court]], Whitcomb Court, Fairfield Court, and Creighton Court closer to [[Interstate 64]].<ref name="neighborhoods">{{cite web |url=http://www.richmondgov.com/departments/presssecretary/neighborhoodguide/ |title=Neighborhood Guide |publisher=City of Richmond |date=September 27, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927031940/http://www.richmondgov.com/departments/presssecretary/neighborhoodguide/ |archive-date=September 27, 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

The area between Belvidere Street, [[Interstate 195 (Virginia)|Interstate 195]], [[Interstate 95 in Virginia|Interstate 95]], and the river, which includes [[Virginia Commonwealth University]], is socioeconomically and architecturally diverse. North of Broad Street, the Carver and Newtowne West neighborhoods are demographically similar to neighboring [[Jackson Ward]].Carver has seen some gentrification due to its proximity to VCU. The affluent area between the [[Boulevard (Richmond, Virginia)|Boulevard]], Main Street, Broad Street, and VCU, known as the [[Fan district|Fan]], is home to [[Monument Avenue]], an outstanding collection of [[Victorian architecture]], and many students. West of the Boulevard is the Museum District, which contains the [[Virginia Historical Society]] and the [[Virginia Museum of Fine Arts]]. South of the [[Downtown Expressway]] are [[Byrd Park]], [[Maymont]], [[Hollywood Cemetery (Richmond, Virginia)|Hollywood Cemetery]], the predominantly black working-class Randolph neighborhood, and white working-class [[Oregon Hill]]. Cary Street between Interstate 195 and the [[Boulevard (Richmond, Virginia)|Boulevard]] is a popular commercial area called [[Carytown, Richmond, Virginia|Carytown]].<ref name="neighborhoods" />

Richmond's Northside is home to numerous listed historic districts.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/tax_credits/Historic_District_Maps/RichmondNorth_20120926.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=November 15, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121228211757/http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/tax_credits/Historic_District_Maps/RichmondNorth_20120926.pdf |archive-date=December 28, 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Neighborhoods such as [[Chestnut Hill-Plateau Historic District (Richmond, VA)|Chestnut Hill-Plateau]] and Barton Heights began to be developed at the end of the 19th century when the new streetcar system made it possible for people to live on the city's outskirts and commute downtown. Other prominent Northside neighborhoods include Azalea, Barton Heights, Bellevue, Chamberlayne, Ginter Park, Highland Park, and Rosedale.<ref name="neighborhoods" />

Farther west is the affluent, suburban [[The West End (Richmond, Virginia)|West End]]. Windsor Farms is among its best-known sections. The West End also includes middle- to low-income neighborhoods, such as Laurel, Farmington, and the areas around the Regency Mall. More affluent areas include Glen Allen, Short Pump, and the areas of Tuckahoe away from Regency Mall, all north and northwest of the city. The [[University of Richmond]] and the [[Country Club of Virginia]] are located on this side of town near the Richmond-Henrico border.<ref name="neighborhoods" />

The portion of the city south of the James River is known as the Southside. Southside neighborhoods range from the affluent and middle-class suburban Westover Hills, Forest Hill, Southampton, Stratford Hills, Oxford, Huguenot Hills, Hobby Hill, and Woodland Heights to the impoverished [[Manchester, Virginia|Manchester]] and Blackwell areas, the Hillside Court housing projects, and the ailing Jefferson Davis Highway commercial corridor. Other Southside neighborhoods include Fawnbrook, Broad Rock, Cherry Gardens, Cullenwood, and Beaufont Hills. Much of Southside developed a suburban character as part of [[Chesterfield County, Virginia|Chesterfield County]] before being annexed by Richmond, most notably in 1970.<ref name="neighborhoods" />

===Climate===
[[File:Richmond After the Flood (7790622530).jpg|thumb|Flooding of Old Manchester during [[Hurricane Agnes]], 1972]]
Richmond has a [[humid subtropical climate|humid subtropical]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Cfa'') or [[Oceanic climate|oceanic]] ([[Trewartha climate classification|Trewartha]]: ''Doak'') climate, with hot, humid summers and moderately cold winters.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.virginiaplaces.org/climate/ |title=Climate of Virginia |work=Virginiaplaces.org |access-date=September 11, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030170031/http://www.virginiaplaces.org/climate/ |archive-date=October 30, 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fao.org/3/ad652e/ad652e07.htm |title=Global Ecological Zoning for the Global Forest Resources Assessment 2000 |publisher=Fao.org |access-date=September 11, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330221222/http://www.fao.org/3/ad652e/ad652e07.htm |archive-date=March 30, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Appalachian Mountains|The mountains to the west]] act as a partial barrier to outbreaks of cold, continental air in winter. Arctic air is delayed long enough to be modified and further warmed as it subsides in its approach to Richmond. The open waters of the [[Chesapeake Bay]] and Atlantic Ocean contribute to the humid summers and cool winters. The coldest weather normally occurs from late December to early February, and the January daily mean temperature is {{cvt|37.9|°F|1}}, with an average of 6.0 days with highs at or below the freezing mark.<ref name="NWS Wakefield, VA (AKQ)1" /> Richmond's Downtown and areas south and east of downtown are in USDA [[Hardiness zone]]s 7b. Surrounding suburbs and areas to the north and west of Downtown are in Hardiness Zone 7a.<ref name="USDA_PlantHardiness">{{cite web |url=http://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/ |title=USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service |date=2012 |access-date=February 20, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227032333/http://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/ |archive-date=February 27, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Temperatures seldom fall below {{cvt|0|°F|0}}, with the most recent subzero reading on January 7, 2018, when the temperature reached {{cvt|−3|°F|0}}.<ref name="NWS Wakefield, VA (AKQ)1" /> <!--<ref name="FAQs & HOLIDAY CLIMATOLOGY RICHMOND">{{Cite web |url=http://www.erh.noaa.gov/er/akq/climate/RIC_CLI_FAQ.pdf |title=FAQs & Holiday Climatology Richmond | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100530163022/http://www.erh.noaa.gov/er/akq/climate/RIC_CLI_FAQ.pdf | archive-date=May 30, 2010 |website=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]}}</ref>--> The July daily mean temperature is {{cvt|79.3|°F|1}}, and high temperatures reach or exceed {{cvt|90|°F|0}} approximately 43 days a year; {{cvt|100|°F|0}} temperatures are not uncommon but do not occur every year.<ref name="hislocation">{{cite web |url=http://www.erh.noaa.gov/er/akq/climate/RIC_CLI_FAQ.pdf |title=Richmond Station History & Location |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=May 16, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100530163022/http://www.erh.noaa.gov/er/akq/climate/RIC_CLI_FAQ.pdf |archive-date=May 30, 2010}}</ref> Extremes in temperature have ranged from {{cvt|−12|°F|0}} on January 19, 1940, to {{cvt|107|°F|0}} on August 6, 1918.{{efn|Annual records from the airport weather station that date back to 1948 are available on the web.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://weather-warehouse.com/WeatherHistory/PastWeatherData_RichmondIntlArpt_Richmond_VA_December.html |title=Richmond International Airport |publisher=weather-warehouse.com |access-date=May 25, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140630140451/http://weather-warehouse.com/WeatherHistory/PastWeatherData_RichmondIntlArpt_Richmond_VA_December.html |archive-date=June 30, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>}} The record cold maximum is {{cvt|11|°F|0}}, set on [[Great Blizzard of 1899#Arctic cold|February 11 and 12, 1899]]. The record warm minimum is {{cvt|81|°F|0}}, set on July 12, 2011.<ref name="NWS Wakefield, VA (AKQ)1" /> The warmest months recorded were July 2020 and August 1900, both averaging 82.9&nbsp;°F (28.3&nbsp;°C). The coldest, January 1940, averaged 24.2&nbsp;°F (-4.3&nbsp;°C).<ref name="hislocation" />

[[File:Monthly Climate Normals (1991-2020) - Richmond Area, VA(ThreadEx).svg|thumb|right|Climate chart for Richmond]]

[[Precipitation (meteorology)|Precipitation]] is rather uniformly distributed throughout the year. Dry periods lasting several weeks sometimes occur, especially in autumn, when long periods of pleasant, mild weather are most common. There is considerable variability in total monthly precipitation amounts from year to year, so no one month can be depended to be normal. Snow has been recorded during seven of the 12 months. Falls of {{cvt|4|in|cm}} or more within 24 hours occur once a year on average.<ref name="NWS Wakefield, VA (AKQ)1" /> Annual snowfall is usually moderate, averaging {{cvt|10.5|in|cm}} per season.<ref name="NWS Wakefield, VA (AKQ)1" /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.weather.gov/media/akq/climateRECORDS/RIC_Climate_Records.pdf |title=Richmond VA Daily Climate Data |publisher=United States National Weather Service |access-date=April 3, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403202403/https://www.weather.gov/media/akq/climateRECORDS/RIC_Climate_Records.pdf |archive-date=April 3, 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Snow typically remains on the ground for only one or two days, but it remained for 16 days in 2010 (January 30 to February 14). Ice storms (freezing rain or glaze) are not uncommon, but they are seldom severe enough to cause considerable damage.

The [[James River]] reaches tidewater at Richmond, where flooding may occur in any month of the year, most frequently in March and least in July. [[Hurricanes]] and [[tropical storms]] have been responsible for most flooding during the summer and early fall months. Hurricanes passing near Richmond have produced record rainfalls. In 1955, three hurricanes, including [[Hurricane Connie]] and [[Hurricane Diane]], which brought heavy rains five days apart, produced record rainfall in a six-week period. In 2004, the downtown area suffered extensive flood damage after the remnants of [[Hurricane Gaston (2004)|Hurricane Gaston]] dumped up to {{cvt|12|in|mm|sigfig=2}} of rain.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna5851220 |title=Flooding devastates historic Richmond, Va. |work=[[NBC News]] |agency=Associated Press |date=September 1, 2004 |access-date=August 13, 2024}}</ref>

Damaging storms occur mainly from snow and [[freezing rain]] in winter, and from hurricanes, tornadoes, and severe thunderstorms in other seasons. Damage can come from wind, flooding, rain, or a combination of the three. [[Tornadoes]] are infrequent, but some notable ones have been observed in the Richmond area.

Downtown Richmond averages 84 days of nighttime frost annually. Nighttime frost is more common in areas north and west of Downtown and less common south and east of downtown.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://lwf.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/min32temp.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011217185325/http://lwf.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/min32temp.html |archive-date=December 17, 2001 |title=Mean Number of Days With Minimum Temperature 32 Degrees F or Less |date=December 17, 2001}}</ref> From 1981 to 2010, the average first temperature at or below freezing was on October 30 and the average last one on April 10.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.almanac.com/gardening/frostdates/VA/Richmond |title=Frost Dates for Richmond, VA |first=Old Farmer's |last=Almanac |website=Old Farmer's Almanac |access-date=February 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190201065415/https://www.almanac.com/gardening/frostdates/VA/Richmond |archive-date=February 1, 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
<section begin="weather box" />{{Weather box
| location = [[Richmond International Airport]], Virginia (1991–2020 normals,{{efn|Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.}} extremes 1887–present{{efn|Official records for Richmond kept January 1887 to December 1910 at downtown, Chimborazo Park from January 1911 to December 1929, and at Richmond Int'l since January 1930. For more information, see [http://threadex.rcc-acis.org Threadex]}})
| single line = Y
| collapsed = Y
| Jan record high F = 81
| Feb record high F = 83
| Mar record high F = 94
| Apr record high F = 96
| May record high F = 100
| Jun record high F = 104
| Jul record high F = 105
| Aug record high F = 107
| Sep record high F = 103
| Oct record high F = 99
| Nov record high F = 86
| Dec record high F = 81
| year record high F = 107
| Jan avg record high F = 70.1
| Feb avg record high F = 72.6
| Mar avg record high F = 80.5
| Apr avg record high F = 87.7
| May avg record high F = 91.5
| Jun avg record high F = 96.6
| Jul avg record high F = 98.6
| Aug avg record high F = 96.7
| Sep avg record high F = 92.9
| Oct avg record high F = 86.4
| Nov avg record high F = 77.1
| Dec avg record high F = 71.7
| year avg record high F = 99.6
| Jan high F = 47.8
| Feb high F = 51.6
| Mar high F = 59.6
| Apr high F = 70.4
| May high F = 77.8
| Jun high F = 85.6
| Jul high F = 89.5
| Aug high F = 87.5
| Sep high F = 81.2
| Oct high F = 70.9
| Nov high F = 60.4
| Dec high F = 51.5
| year high F = 69.5
| Jan mean F = 38.3
| Feb mean F = 41.0
| Mar mean F = 48.4
| Apr mean F = 58.4
| May mean F = 66.7
| Jun mean F = 75.0
| Jul mean F = 79.4
| Aug mean F = 77.5
| Sep mean F = 71.2
| Oct mean F = 60.0
| Nov mean F = 49.6
| Dec mean F = 41.8
| year mean F = 58.9
| Jan low F = 28.8
| Feb low F = 30.4
| Mar low F = 37.2
| Apr low F = 46.4
| May low F = 55.7
| Jun low F = 64.5
| Jul low F = 69.2
| Aug low F = 67.6
| Sep low F = 61.1
| Oct low F = 49.0
| Nov low F = 38.8
| Dec low F = 32.1
| year low F = 48.4
| Jan avg record low F = 11.1
| Feb avg record low F = 16.0
| Mar avg record low F = 21.6
| Apr avg record low F = 31.9
| May avg record low F = 42.1
| Jun avg record low F = 53.4
| Jul avg record low F = 60.9
| Aug avg record low F = 59.3
| Sep avg record low F = 48.8
| Oct avg record low F = 34.4
| Nov avg record low F = 24.3
| Dec avg record low F = 18.2
| year avg record low F = 9.1
| Jan record low F = −12
| Feb record low F = −10
| Mar record low F = 10
| Apr record low F = 19
| May record low F = 31
| Jun record low F = 40
| Jul record low F = 51
| Aug record low F = 46
| Sep record low F = 35
| Oct record low F = 21
| Nov record low F = 10
| Dec record low F = −2
| year record low F = -12
| precipitation color = green
| Jan precipitation inch = 3.23
| Feb precipitation inch = 2.61
| Mar precipitation inch = 4.00
| Apr precipitation inch = 3.18
| May precipitation inch = 4.00
| Jun precipitation inch = 4.64
| Jul precipitation inch = 4.37
| Aug precipitation inch = 4.90
| Sep precipitation inch = 4.61
| Oct precipitation inch = 3.39
| Nov precipitation inch = 3.06
| Dec precipitation inch = 3.51
| year precipitation inch = 45.50
| Jan snow inch = 3.7
| Feb snow inch = 2.2
| Mar snow inch = 1.1
| Apr snow inch = 0.0
| May snow inch = 0.0
| Jun snow inch = 0.0
| Jul snow inch = 0.0
| Aug snow inch = 0.0
| Sep snow inch = 0.0
| Oct snow inch = 0.0
| Nov snow inch = 0.0
| Dec snow inch = 1.8
| year snow inch = 8.8
| unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
| Jan precipitation days = 10.0
| Feb precipitation days = 9.0
| Mar precipitation days = 10.8
| Apr precipitation days = 10.5
| May precipitation days = 11.1
| Jun precipitation days = 10.6
| Jul precipitation days = 11.4
| Aug precipitation days = 9.4
| Sep precipitation days = 9.3
| Oct precipitation days = 8.1
| Nov precipitation days = 8.4
| Dec precipitation days = 10.0
| year precipitation days = 118.6
| unit snow days = 0.1 in
| Jan snow days = 1.9
| Feb snow days = 1.7
| Mar snow days = 1.0
| Apr snow days = 0.6
| May snow days = 0.0
| Jun snow days = 0.0
| Jul snow days = 0.0
| Aug snow days = 0.0
| Sep snow days = 0.0
| Oct snow days = 0.0
| Nov snow days = 0.1
| Dec snow days = 0.9
| year snow days = 5.6
| Jan humidity = 67.9
| Feb humidity = 65.6
| Mar humidity = 63.0
| Apr humidity = 60.8
| May humidity = 69.5
| Jun humidity = 72.2
| Jul humidity = 74.8
| Aug humidity = 77.2
| Sep humidity = 77.0
| Oct humidity = 73.8
| Nov humidity = 69.1
| Dec humidity = 68.9
| year humidity = 70.0
| Jan sun = 172.5
| Feb sun = 179.7
| Mar sun = 233.3
| Apr sun = 261.6
| May sun = 288.0
| Jun sun = 306.4
| Jul sun = 301.4
| Aug sun = 278.9
| Sep sun = 237.9
| Oct sun = 222.8
| Nov sun = 183.5
| Dec sun = 163.0
| Jan percentsun = 56
| Feb percentsun = 59
| Mar percentsun = 63
| Apr percentsun = 66
| May percentsun = 65
| Jun percentsun = 69
| Jul percentsun = 67
| Aug percentsun = 66
| Sep percentsun = 64
| Oct percentsun = 64
| Nov percentsun = 60
| Dec percentsun = 55
| year percentsun = 64
| Jan dew point C = -4.0
| Feb dew point C = −3.1
| Mar dew point C = 0.9
| Apr dew point C = 5.3
| May dew point C = 12.3
| Jun dew point C = 17.2
| Jul dew point C = 19.8
| Aug dew point C = 19.6
| Sep dew point C = 15.9
| Oct dew point C = 9.1
| Nov dew point C = 3.4
| Dec dew point C = −1.4
| Jan uv = 2
| Feb uv = 3
| Mar uv = 5
| Apr uv = 7
| May uv = 8
| Jun uv = 9
| Jul uv = 9
| Aug uv = 9
| Sep uv = 7
| Oct uv = 5
| Nov uv = 3
| Dec uv = 2
| source 1 = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] (relative humidity and sunshine hours 1961–1990)<ref name="NWS Wakefield, VA (AKQ)1">{{cite web 
|url = https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=akq 
|title = NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data 
|publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] 
|access-date = May 4, 2021 |df = mdy-all 
|archive-date = September 5, 2015 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150905143500/http://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=akq 
|url-status = live }}</ref><ref name="NCDC TXT KRIC">{{cite web 
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210505002327/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00013740&format=pdf 
|archive-date = May 5, 2021 |url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00013740&format=pdf 
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 
|title = Summary of Monthly Normals 1991–2020 
|access-date = May 4, 2021 |url-status = live}}</ref><ref name="WMO 1961–90 KRIC">{{cite web 
|url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP3/72401.TXT 
|title = WMO Climate Normals for Richmond/Byrd, VA 1961–1990 
|access-date = July 29, 2020 
|publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240216015028/ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP3/72401.TXT
|archive-date = February 16, 2024}}</ref>
| source 2 = Weather Atlas<ref>{{cite web 
|url = https://www.weather-us.com/en/virginia-usa/richmond-climate 
|title = Richmond, VA - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast 
|publisher = Yu Media Group 
|website = Weather Atlas 
|language = en 
|access-date = June 29, 2019 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190629162344/https://www.weather-us.com/en/virginia-usa/richmond-climate 
|archive-date = June 29, 2019 |url-status = dead}}</ref>
}}<section end="weather box" />

{{Graph:Weather monthly history
| table=Ncei.noaa.gov/weather/Richmond, Virginia.tab
| title=Richmond monthly weather statistics
}}