Editing Rationalism (section)

====Pythagoras (570–495 BCE)====
{{Main|Pythagoras}}
Pythagoras was one of the first Western philosophers to stress rationalist insight.<ref name="Epistemological rationalism in modern philosophies">{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/rationalism|title=rationalism &#124; Definition, Types, History, Examples, & Descartes|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=28 May 2023|access-date=14 May 2021|archive-date=18 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518105808/https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/492034/rationalism|url-status=live}}</ref> He is often revered as a great [[mathematician]], [[mysticism|mystic]] and [[scientist]], but he is best known for the [[Pythagorean theorem]], which bears his name, and for discovering the mathematical relationship between the length of strings on lute and the pitches of the notes. Pythagoras "believed these harmonies reflected the ultimate nature of reality. He summed up the implied metaphysical rationalism in the words 'All is number'. It is probable that he had caught the rationalist's vision, later seen by [[Galileo Galilei|Galileo]] (1564–1642), of a world governed throughout by mathematically formulable laws".<ref name="Epistemological rationalism in ancient philosophies">{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/rationalism|title=rationalism &#124; Definition, Types, History, Examples, & Descartes &#124; Britannica|website=www.britannica.com|date=28 May 2023|access-date=14 May 2021|archive-date=18 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518105808/https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/492034/rationalism|url-status=live}}</ref> It has been said that he was the first man to call himself a philosopher, or lover of wisdom.<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Tusculan Disputations]]'', 5.3.8–9 = [[Heraclides Ponticus]] fr. 88 Wehrli, [[Diogenes Laërtius]] 1.12, 8.8, [[Iamblichus]] ''VP'' 58. Burkert attempted to discredit this ancient tradition, but it has been defended by [[C.J. de Vogel]], ''Pythagoras and Early Pythagoreanism'' (1966), pp. 97–102, and C. Riedweg, ''Pythagoras: His Life, Teaching, And Influence'' (2005), p. 92.</ref>