Editing Pyruvic acid (section)

==Uses==
Pyruvate is sold as a [[Anti-obesity medication|weight-loss supplement]], though credible science has yet to back this claim. A [[Clinical research|systematic review]] of six [[Clinical trial|trials]] found a statistically significant difference in body weight with pyruvate compared to [[placebo]]. However, all of the trials had methodological weaknesses and the magnitude of the effect was small. The review also identified [[Adverse effect|adverse events]] associated with pyruvate such as diarrhea, bloating, gas, and increase in [[low-density lipoprotein]] (LDL) cholesterol. The authors concluded that there was insufficient evidence to support the use of pyruvate for weight loss.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Onakpoya|first1= I.|last2= Hunt|first2= K.|last3=Wider|first3= B.|last4= Ernst |first4=E.|title=Pyruvate supplementation for weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials|doi=10.1080/10408398.2011.565890|journal=Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr.|date=2014|volume=54|issue=1|pages=17–23|pmid=24188231|s2cid= 20241217}}</ref>

There is also ''[[in vitro]]'' as well as ''[[in vivo]]'' evidence in hearts that pyruvate improves metabolism by [[NADH]] production stimulation and increases cardiac function.<ref name="Functional response of the isolated, perfused normoxic heart to pyruvate dehydrogenase activation by dichloroacetate and pyruvate.">{{cite journal |pmid=26142699 |title=Functional response of the isolated, perfused normoxic heart to pyruvate dehydrogenase activation by dichloroacetate and pyruvate. |last1=Jaimes |first1=R. III |doi=10.1007/s00424-015-1717-1 |date=Jul 2015 |journal=Pflügers Arch. |volume=468 |issue=1 |pmc=4701640 |pages=131–42}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Hermann|first1=H. P.|last2=Pieske|first2=B.|last3=Schwarzmüller|first3=E.|last4=Keul|first4=J.|last5=Just|first5=H.|last6=Hasenfuss|first6=G.|date=1999-04-17|title=Haemodynamic effects of intracoronary pyruvate in patients with congestive heart failure: an open study|journal=Lancet |volume=353|issue=9161|pages=1321–1323|issn=0140-6736|pmid=10218531|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(98)06423-x|s2cid=25126646}}</ref>