Editing Progesterone (section)

====Breast cancer risk====
Progesterone also appears to be involved in the [[pathophysiology]] of [[breast cancer]], though its role, and whether it is a promoter or inhibitor of breast cancer risk, has not been fully elucidated.<ref name="pmid23336704">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kuhl H, Schneider HP | title = Progesterone--promoter or inhibitor of breast cancer | journal = Climacteric | volume = 16 | issue = Suppl 1 | pages = 54–68 | date = August 2013 | pmid = 23336704 | doi = 10.3109/13697137.2013.768806 | s2cid = 20808536 }}</ref><ref name="pmid31512725">{{cite journal | vauthors = Trabert B, Sherman ME, Kannan N, Stanczyk FZ | title = Progesterone and Breast Cancer | journal = Endocrine Reviews | volume = 41 | issue = 2 | pages = 320–344 | date = April 2020 | pmid = 31512725 | pmc = 7156851 | doi = 10.1210/endrev/bnz001 }}</ref> Most [[progestin]]s, or [[synthetic compound|synthetic]] progestogens, like [[medroxyprogesterone acetate]], have been found to increase the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal people in combination with estrogen as a component of [[menopausal hormone therapy]].<ref name="pmid31474332">{{cite journal | title = Type and timing of menopausal hormone therapy and breast cancer risk: individual participant meta-analysis of the worldwide epidemiological evidence | journal = Lancet | volume = 394 | issue = 10204 | pages = 1159–1168 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31474332 | pmc = 6891893 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31709-X | author1 = Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer }}</ref><ref name="pmid31512725" /> The combination of natural oral progesterone or the atypical progestin [[dydrogesterone]] with estrogen has been associated with less risk of breast cancer than progestins plus estrogen.<ref name="pmid29384406">{{cite journal | vauthors = Stute P, Wildt L, Neulen J | title = The impact of micronized progesterone on breast cancer risk: a systematic review | journal = Climacteric | volume = 21 | issue = 2 | pages = 111–122 | date = April 2018 | pmid = 29384406 | doi = 10.1080/13697137.2017.1421925 | s2cid = 3642971 | doi-access = free | url = https://boris.unibe.ch/125894/1/29384406.pdf | access-date = 2 February 2024 | archive-date = 2 February 2024 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240202143017/https://boris.unibe.ch/125894/1/29384406.pdf | url-status = live }}</ref><ref name="pmid27456847">{{cite journal | vauthors = Asi N, Mohammed K, Haydour Q, Gionfriddo MR, Vargas OL, Prokop LJ, Faubion SS, Murad MH | display-authors = 6 | title = Progesterone vs. synthetic progestins and the risk of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis | journal = Systematic Reviews | volume = 5 | issue = 1 | pages = 121 | date = July 2016 | pmid = 27456847 | pmc = 4960754 | doi = 10.1186/s13643-016-0294-5 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="pmid29852797">{{cite journal | vauthors = Gompel A, Plu-Bureau G | title = Progesterone, progestins and the breast in menopause treatment | journal = Climacteric | volume = 21 | issue = 4 | pages = 326–332 | date = August 2018 | pmid = 29852797 | doi = 10.1080/13697137.2018.1476483 | s2cid = 46922084 }}</ref> However, this may simply be an artifact of the low progesterone levels produced with oral progesterone.<ref name="pmid23336704" /><ref name="pmid29526116">{{cite journal | vauthors = Davey DA | title = Menopausal hormone therapy: a better and safer future | journal = Climacteric | volume = 21 | issue = 5 | pages = 454–461 | date = October 2018 | pmid = 29526116 | doi = 10.1080/13697137.2018.1439915 | s2cid = 3850275 }}</ref> More research is needed on the role of progesterone in breast cancer.<ref name="pmid31512725" />