Editing Preston, Lancashire (section)

==Geography==
[[File:Map of Preston.png|thumb|300px|Regions of Preston]]
{{Further|List of places in Preston}}

The [[River Ribble]] provides a southern border for the city. The [[Forest of Bowland]] forms a backdrop to Preston to the northeast while [[the Fylde]] lies to the west. At {{Coord|53|45|N|2|42|W}}, Preston is approximately {{convert|27|mi}} north west of [[Manchester]], {{convert|26|mi}} north east of [[Liverpool]], and {{convert|15|mi}} east of the coastal town [[Blackpool]].

The current borders came into effect on 1 April 1974, when the [[Local Government Act 1972]] merged the existing [[County Borough of Preston]] with [[Fulwood Urban District]] as an unparished area within the [[Borough of Preston]]. Preston was designated as part of the [[Central Lancashire]] new town in 1970.

===Climate===

{{Panorama
 | image      = File:Preston skyline panorama.jpg
 |alt         = 
 | fullwidth  = 27255
 | fullheight = 875
 | caption    = A panoramic view of Preston, viewed from Penwortham Lane.
 | height     = 200
}}
The climate of Preston is of a temperate maritime type, with a narrow range of temperatures, similar to the rest of the British Isles. Being relatively close to the Irish sea, this is more pronounced than areas to the south and east of Preston. The official Met Office weather station is located at Moor Park, less than {{convert|1|mi}} north of the city centre, and surrounded by built-up areas, suggesting a degree of urban warming is likely, particularly during clear and calm nights.

The absolute high recorded at the weather station was {{convert|38.2|°C|°F|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/monitordetail.php?seasonid=14&year=1990&indexid=TXx&stationid=1806
|title=August 1990 Maximum
|access-date=26 February 2011
|archive-date=9 January 2021
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109144848/https://eca.knmi.nl/utils/monitordetail.php?seasonid=14&year=1990&indexid=TXx&stationid=1806
|url-status=live
}}</ref> during July 2022. In a typical year the warmest day should reach {{convert|27.6|°C|°F|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/calcdetail.php?seasonid=0&periodid=1971-2000&indexid=TXx&stationid=1806
|title=1971–00 Annual average maximum
|access-date=26 February 2011
|archive-date=29 October 2020
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029095614/https://eca.knmi.nl/utils/calcdetail.php?seasonid=0&periodid=1971-2000&indexid=TXx&stationid=1806
|url-status=live
}}</ref> and 5.9 days<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/calcdetail.php?seasonid=0&periodid=1971-2000&indexid=SU&stationid=1806
|title=Max >25c days
|access-date=26 February 2011
|archive-date=9 January 2021
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109144927/https://eca.knmi.nl/utils/calcdetail.php?seasonid=0&periodid=1971-2000&indexid=SU&stationid=1806
|url-status=live
}}</ref> in total should attain a maximum temperature of {{convert|25.1|°C|°F|abbr=on}} or more. In October 2011, a new record October high temperature of 26.9&nbsp;°C was set.<ref>{{cite news
 | url=http://www.lep.co.uk/news/story-shorts-04-10-11-1-3835179
 | title=Hot weather breaks record
 | newspaper=Lancashire Evening Post
 | date=4 October 2011
| access-date=26 April 2012
| location=Preston
 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927195741/http://www.lep.co.uk/news/story-shorts-04-10-11-1-3835179
 | archive-date=27 September 2013
| url-status=dead
}}</ref>

The absolute minimum is {{convert|-13.3|°C|°F|abbr=on}}, recorded during February 1969.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/monitordetail.php?seasonid=8&year=1969&indexid=TNn&stationid=1806
|title=February 1969 minimum
|access-date=26 February 2011
|archive-date=9 January 2021
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109144927/https://eca.knmi.nl/utils/monitordetail.php?seasonid=8&year=1969&indexid=TNn&stationid=1806
|url-status=live
}}</ref> In a typical year the coldest night should fall to {{convert|-6.8|°C|°F|abbr=on}},<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/calcdetail.php?seasonid=0&periodid=1971-2000&indexid=TNn&stationid=1806
|title=1971–00 Average coldest night
|access-date=26 February 2011
|archive-date=9 January 2021
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109144853/https://eca.knmi.nl/utils/calcdetail.php?seasonid=0&periodid=1971-2000&indexid=TNn&stationid=1806
|url-status=live
}}</ref> and 40.2 nights<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/calcdetail.php?seasonid=0&periodid=1971-2000&indexid=FD&stationid=1806
|title=1971–00 average frost
|access-date=26 February 2011
|archive-date=9 January 2021
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109144907/https://eca.knmi.nl/utils/calcdetail.php?seasonid=0&periodid=1971-2000&indexid=FD&stationid=1806
|url-status=live
}}</ref> should receive an air frost. The lowest temperature in recent years was {{convert|-9.2|°C|°F|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite news
|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2010/dec/20/winter-weather-coldest-places-britain
|title=20 December 2010 minimum
|access-date=26 February 2011
|location=London
|work=The Guardian
|first=Simon
|last=Rogers
|date=21 December 2010
|archive-date=9 January 2021
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109144858/https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2010/dec/20/winter-weather-coldest-places-britain
|url-status=live
}}</ref> during December 2010.

Annual rainfall totals just under 1000&nbsp;mm per year,<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/calcdetail.php?seasonid=0&periodid=1971-2000&indexid=RR&stationid=1806
|title=1971–2000 Rainfall
|access-date=26 February 2011
|archive-date=29 October 2020
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029103224/https://eca.knmi.nl/utils/calcdetail.php?seasonid=0&periodid=1971-2000&indexid=RR&stationid=1806
|url-status=live
}}</ref> with over 1&nbsp;mm of precipitation falling on 150 days.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/calcdetail.php?seasonid=0&periodid=1971-2000&indexid=RR1&stationid=1806
|title=1971–00 Wetdays
|access-date=26 February 2011
|archive-date=9 January 2021
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109144905/https://eca.knmi.nl/utils/calcdetail.php?seasonid=0&periodid=1971-2000&indexid=RR1&stationid=1806
|url-status=live
}}</ref> All averages refer to the period 1971–2000.

In October 2014 Preston was officially ranked "the wettest city in England", and third wettest in the UK behind [[Cardiff]] and [[Glasgow]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.blogpreston.co.uk/2014/10/preston-is-officially-the-third-wettest-place-in-britain/ |title=Preston is officially the third WETTEST city or town in Britain |publisher=BlogPreston |author=Ed Walker |date=17 October 2014 |access-date=10 February 2020 |archive-date=9 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109144852/https://www.blogpreston.co.uk/2014/10/preston-is-officially-the-third-wettest-place-in-britain/ |url-status=live }}</ref> It was also ranked "the gloomiest city in England", as it gets fewer hours of sunshine in a year than any other English city or town.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.blogpreston.co.uk/2014/10/preston-is-officially-englands-gloomiest-city/ |title=Preston is officially England's GLOOMIEST city |publisher=BlogPreston |author=Ed Walker |date=21 October 2014 |access-date=10 February 2020 |archive-date=9 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109144852/https://www.blogpreston.co.uk/2014/10/preston-is-officially-englands-gloomiest-city/ |url-status=live }}</ref> However, in March 2018 the [[Lancashire Evening Post]] reported that Preston has lost its "soggy city status" to the neighbouring city of [[Lancaster, Lancashire|Lancaster]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lep.co.uk/news/weather/preston-loses-its-soggy-city-status-lancashire-neighbour-313928 |title=Preston loses its soggy city status to Lancashire neighbour |publisher=Lancashire Evening Post |date=23 March 2018 |access-date=15 February 2020 |archive-date=9 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109144905/https://www.lep.co.uk/news/weather/preston-loses-its-soggy-city-status-lancashire-neighbour-313928 |url-status=live }}</ref>

On 10 August 1893, approximately {{convert|32|mm|in}} of rain fell in Preston in 5 minutes, being a record for the most rainfall to fall in that time in the [[United Kingdom]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/climate/maps-and-data/uk-climate-extremes|title=UK climate extremes UK rainfall records for short durations |publisher=[[Met Office]]|access-date=3 July 2021 }}</ref>

{{Weather box
|location = Preston Moor Park, elevation 33&nbsp;m, 1971–2000, extremes 1960–2005
|collapsed =
|metric first = y
|single line = y
|Jan record high C = 14.1
|Feb record high C = 16.2
|Mar record high C = 22.2
|Apr record high C = 24.0
|May record high C = 27.3
|Jun record high C = 30.6
|Jul record high C = 38.2
|Aug record high C = 33.1
|Sep record high C = 26.8
|Oct record high C = 23.6
|Nov record high C = 18.4
|Dec record high C = 15.6
|year record high C = 33.1
|Jan high C = 6.9
|Feb high C = 7.3
|Mar high C = 9.4
|Apr high C = 12.0
|May high C = 15.6
|Jun high C = 17.7
|Jul high C = 19.8
|Aug high C = 19.5
|Sep high C = 16.8
|Oct high C = 13.4
|Nov high C = 9.7
|Dec high C = 7.7
|year high C = 13.0
|Jan low C = 1.7
|Feb low C = 1.9
|Mar low C = 3.1
|Apr low C = 4.5
|May low C = 7.1
|Jun low C = 10.0
|Jul low C = 12.2
|Aug low C = 12.1
|Sep low C = 9.9
|Oct low C = 7.3
|Nov low C = 4.0
|Dec low C = 2.4
|year low C = 6.4
|Jan record low C = −11.1
|Feb record low C = −13.3
|Mar record low C = −9.4
|Apr record low C = −4.5
|May record low C = −2.3
|Jun record low C = 0.6
|Jul record low C = 4.4
|Aug record low C = 2.8
|Sep record low C = −0.5
|Oct record low C = −5.2
|Nov record low C = −6.7
|Dec record low C = −12.8
|year record low C = −13.3
|Jan precipitation mm = 93.83
|Feb precipitation mm = 63.66
|Mar precipitation mm = 79.11
|Apr precipitation mm = 52.08
|May precipitation mm = 58.79
|Jun precipitation mm = 73.51
|Jul precipitation mm = 65.40
|Aug precipitation mm = 86.51
|Sep precipitation mm = 92.00
|Oct precipitation mm = 113.78
|Nov precipitation mm = 103.86
|Dec precipitation mm = 112.02
|year precipitation mm = 997.99
|Jan snow days = 2
|Feb snow days = 2
|Mar snow days = 1
|Apr snow days = 1
|May snow days = 0
|Jun snow days = 0
|Jul snow days = 0
|Aug snow days = 0
|Sep snow days = 0
|Oct snow days = 0
|Nov snow days = 1
|Dec snow days = 2
|year snow days = 9
|source 1 = KNMI<ref>{{cite web
 | url=http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/mapserver/climatology.php?indexcat=**&indexid=**&periodidselect=1971-2000&seasonid=0&scalelogidselect=no&minx=-461428.571429&miny=-4727380.952381&maxx=405238.095239&maxy=-4077380.952380&MapSize=560%2C420&imagewidth=560&imageheight=420&CMD=QUERY_POINT&CMD=QUERY_POINT#bottom
 | title=Climate Normals 1971–2000
 | publisher=KNMI
 | access-date=26 February 2011
 | archive-date=1 January 2016
 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101221941/http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/mapserver/climatology.php?indexcat=**&indexid=**&periodidselect=1971-2000&seasonid=0&scalelogidselect=no&minx=-461428.571429&miny=-4727380.952381&maxx=405238.095239&maxy=-4077380.952380&MapSize=560%2C420&imagewidth=560&imageheight=420&CMD=QUERY_POINT&CMD=QUERY_POINT#bottom
 | url-status=live
}}{{full citation needed|date=November 2012}}<!--Reason: Unclear how to find the data from the URL supplied--></ref>
|date=February 2011
}}