Editing Predation (section)

====Pursuit====
{{main|Pursuit predation}}

{{multiple image
| align = right
| image1 = Whales Bubble Net Feeding-edit1.jpg
| width1 = 200
| alt1 = 
| caption1 = [[Humpback whale]]s are lunge feeders, filtering thousands of [[krill]] from seawater and swallowing them alive.
| image2 = Gomphus vulgatissimus with a prey 002.jpg
| width2 = 188
| alt2 = 
| caption2 = [[Dragonfly|Dragonflies]], like this [[Gomphus vulgatissimus|common clubtail]] with captured prey, are invertebrate [[Pursuit predation|pursuit predators]].
| footer = 
}}

In pursuit predation, predators chase fleeing prey. If the prey flees in a straight line, capture depends only on the predator's being faster than the prey.<ref name="MooreBiewener2015"/> If the prey manoeuvres by turning as it flees, the predator must react in real time to calculate and follow a new intercept path, such as by [[parallel navigation]], as it closes on the prey.<ref name="MooreBiewener2015"/> Many pursuit predators use camouflage to approach the prey as close as possible unobserved (''stalking'') before starting the pursuit.<ref name="MooreBiewener2015"/> Pursuit predators include terrestrial mammals such as humans, African wild dogs, spotted hyenas and wolves; marine predators such as dolphins, orcas and many predatory fishes, such as tuna;<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gazda |first1=S. K. |last2=Connor |first2=R. C. |last3=Edgar |first3=R. K. |last4=Cox |first4=F. |year=2005 |title=A division of labour with role specialization in group-hunting bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) off Cedar Key, Florida |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society |volume=272 |issue=1559 |pages=135–140 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2004.2937 |pmid=15695203 |pmc=1634948}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Tyus |first=Harold M. |title=Ecology and Conservation of Fishes |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K2fNBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA233 |year=2011 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-4398-9759-1 |page=233}}</ref> predatory birds (raptors) such as falcons; and insects such as [[dragonfly|dragonflies]].<ref name=Combes>{{cite journal |last1=Combes |first1=S. A. |last2=Salcedo |first2=M. K. |last3=Pandit |first3=M. M. |last4=Iwasaki |first4=J. M. |year=2013 |title=Capture Success and Efficiency of Dragonflies Pursuing Different Types of Prey |journal=Integrative and Comparative Biology |volume= 53 |issue=5 |pages=787–798 |doi=10.1093/icb/ict072 |pmid=23784698 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

An extreme form of pursuit is [[Persistence hunting|endurance or persistence hunting]], in which the predator tires out the prey by following it over a long distance, sometimes for hours at a time. The method is used by human [[hunter-gatherer]]s and by [[Canidae|canids]] such as [[African wild dog]]s and domestic hounds. The African wild dog is an extreme persistence predator, tiring out individual prey by following them for many miles at relatively low speed.<ref name="HubelMyattJordanDewhirst2016">{{cite journal |last1=Hubel |first1=Tatjana Y. |last2=Myatt |first2=Julia P. |last3=Jordan |first3=Neil R. |last4=Dewhirst |first4=Oliver P. |last5=McNutt |first5=J. Weldon |last6=Wilson |first6=Alan M. |title=Energy cost and return for hunting in African wild dogs |journal=Nature Communications |volume=7 | date=29 March 2016 |doi=10.1038/ncomms11034 |pmid=27023457 |pmc=4820543 | page=11034 |quote=Cursorial hunting strategies range from one extreme of transient acceleration, power and speed to the other extreme of persistence and endurance with prey being fatigued to facilitate capture.Dogs and humans are considered to rely on endurance rather than outright speed and manoeuvrability for success when hunting cursorially.}}</ref>

A specialised form of pursuit predation is the [[lunge feed]]ing of [[baleen whale]]s. These very large marine predators feed on [[plankton]], especially [[krill]], diving and actively swimming into concentrations of plankton, and then taking a huge gulp of water and [[Filter feeder|filtering]] it through their feathery [[baleen]] plates.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Goldbogen |first1=J. A. |last2=Calambokidis |first2=J. |last3=Shadwick |first3=R. E. |last4=Oleson |first4=E. M. |last5=McDonald |first5=M. A. |last6=Hildebrand |first6=J. A. |year=2006 |title=Kinematics of foraging dives and lunge-feeding in fin whales |journal=Journal of Experimental Biology |volume=209 |issue=7 |pages=1231–1244 |doi=10.1242/jeb.02135 |pmid=16547295 | s2cid=17923052 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2006JExpB.209.1231G }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sanders |first1=Jon G. |last2=Beichman |first2=Annabel C. |last3=Roman |first3=Joe |last4=Scott |first4=Jarrod J. |last5=Emerson |first5=David |last6=McCarthy |first6=James J. |last7=Girguis |first7=Peter R. |author7-link=Peter Girguis |year=2015 |title=Baleen whales host a unique gut microbiome with similarities to both carnivores and herbivores |journal=Nature Communications |volume=6 |pages=8285 |doi=10.1038/ncomms9285 |pmid=26393325 |pmc=4595633 |bibcode=2015NatCo...6.8285S}}</ref>

Pursuit predators may be [[Social predator|social]], like the lion and wolf that hunt in groups, or solitary.<ref name=LaffertyKuris2002/><!--Ambush predators are often solitary.-->