Editing Pope Gregory VII (section)

===England===
[[File:Pope Gregory VII's letters.gif|thumb|A map of Gregory VII's papal correspondence]]
In 1076, Gregory appointed Dol Euen, a monk of Saint-Melaine of Rennes, as bishop of [[Dol-de-Bretagne|Dol]], rejecting both the incumbent, Iuthael, who had the support of [[William the Conqueror]], who had recently been conducting military operations in north-eastern [[Brittany]], and Gilduin, the candidate of the nobles in Dol opposing William. Gregory rejected Iuthael because he was notorious for simony and Guilden as too young.<ref>{{cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rYbFIh92OQsC&pg=PA47 |last=De Fougerolles |first=Paula |chapter=Pope Gregory VII, the Archbishopric of Dol, and the Normans |title=Anglo-Norman Studies |volume=21 |editor-first=Christopher |editor-last=Harper-Bill |publisher=Boydell & Brewer |year=1999 |isbn=0-85115-745-9 }}</ref> Gregory also bestowed on Dol Euen the pallium of a metropolitan archbishop, on the condition that he would submit to the judgment of the Holy See when the long-standing case of the right of Dol to be a metropolitan and use the pallium was finally decided.<ref>Philippus Jaffe (editor) ''Bibliotheca rerum Germanicarum Tomus II: Monumenta Gregoriana'' (Berolini 1865), pp. 247–249 (''Registrum'' IV.4 and 5, 27 September 1076).  B. Hauréau (editor), ''Gallia christiana'' XIV (Paris 1856), 1046–1047.</ref>

King William felt himself so safe that he interfered autocratically with the management of the church, forbade the bishops to visit Rome, made appointments to [[Diocese|bishoprics]] and [[abbeys]], and showed little anxiety when the pope lectured him on the different principles which he had as to the relationship of spiritual and temporal powers, or when he prohibited him from commerce or commanded him to acknowledge himself a vassal of the apostolic chair.<ref name="EB"/> William was particularly annoyed at Gregory's insistence on dividing ecclesiastical England into two provinces, in opposition to William's need to emphasize the unity of his newly acquired kingdom. Gregory's increasing insistence on church independence from secular authority in the matter of clerical appointments became a more and more contentious issue.<ref>{{cite book |first=H. R. |last=Loyn |chapter=William's Bishops: Some further thoughts |title=Anglo-Norman Studies |volume=10 |year=1988 |pages=222–235 |isbn=0-85115-502-2 }}</ref> He sought as well to compel the episcopacy to look to Rome for validation and direction, demanding the regular attendance of prelates in Rome.<ref>Philippus Jaffe (editor) ''Bibliotheca rerum Germanicarum Tomus II: Monumenta Gregoriana'' (Berolini 1865), pp. 318–320; and Gregory's complaint to William, Archbishop of Rouen in 1080, who paid no attention to demands that he come to Rome: pp. 469–470.  Likewise, in ''Regestum'' IV. 9, Gregory informed the Archbishop of Sens that he would excommunicate the Bishop of Orleans unless he turned up in Rome: pp. 253–254 (2 November 1076)</ref> Gregory had no power to compel the English king to an alteration in his ecclesiastical policy, so he was compelled to ignore what he could not approve, and even considered it advisable to assure King William of his particular affection.<ref name="EB"/> On the whole, William's policy was of great benefit to the Church.<ref>{{cite book |first=David C. |last=Douglas |title=William the Conqueror |location=Berkeley |publisher=University of California Press |year=1964 |pages=317–345, especially 323, 336–339 |isbn=0-520-00350-0 }}</ref><ref>Emerton, pp. 154–156 (24 April 1080). Migne, ''Patrologia Latina'' Vol. 148, pp. 565–567.</ref>