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====Young Malay Union==== {{main|Kesatuan Melayu Muda}} The [[Young Malay Union]] ({{langx|ms|Kesatuan Melayu Muda}}; '''KMM''') was established in [[Kuala Lumpur]] in 1938 under the leadership of [[Ibrahim Yaacob]]. While registered as a social organisation working to improve Malay youths in sports, education, agriculture, health and other recreational pursuits, the primary aim of the KMM was to struggle for the political independence of all the Malayan states from Britain and oppose British [[imperialism]]. While gaining significant support from the larger Malay community, the KMM failed to gain support from the Malay aristocrats and bureaucracy and on the eve of the [[Japanese Invasion of Malaya|Japanese invasion of Malaya]], more than 100 KMM members were arrested by the authorities for collaboration. All were released after the [[fall of Singapore]] in February 1942. On 14 January 1942, a KMM delegation led by vice-president, [[Mustapha Hussain (Malaysian politician)|Mustapha Hussain]], met with the Japanese authorities to negotiate for the independence of Malaya. The Japanese authorities instead disbanded KMM and established the [[Pembela Tanah Ayer]] (also known as the ''Malai Giyu Gun'' or by its [[Malay language|Malay]] acronym '''PETA''') militia in its stead. Most who joined PETA were also part of the underground KMM Youth League who continued to struggle for an independent Malaya and some cooperated with the CPM sponsored [[Malayan People's Anti-Japanese Army]] and other anti-Japanese guerilla units like [[Force 136]] and [[Rejimen Askar Wataniah|Wataniah]]. With the [[surrender of Japan]] in August 1945, former KMM cadres formed the nucleus of the emerging political movements like the [[Malay Nationalist Party]], [[Angkatan Pemuda Insaf]], and [[Angkatan Wanita Sedar]].<ref>{{cite book |title=From PKI to the Comintern, 1924β1941: The Apprenticeship of the Malayan Communist Party |last=Ooi |first=Keat Gin |year=2004 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |location=Oxford |isbn=1-57607-770-5 |pages=1791 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Malaya: The Making of a Neo-colony |last=Mohamed Amin |author2=Malcolm Caldwell |author3=Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation |year=1977 |publisher=Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation |location=Nottingham |isbn=0-85124-190-5 |pages=265 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Politics in a plural society: a study of non-communal political parties in West Malaysia |last=Vasil |first=R. K. |year=1971 |publisher=Oxford University Press for the Australian Institute of International Affairs |location=Kuala Lumpur |isbn=0-19-638127-4 |pages=338 }}</ref>
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