Editing Phobia (section)

=== Genetic ===
{{Main|Epigenetics of anxiety and stress–related disorders}}
With the completion of the [[Human Genome Project]] in 2003, much research has been completed looking at specific genes that may cause or contribute to medical conditions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Human Genome Project FAQ |url=https://www.genome.gov/human-genome-project/Completion-FAQ |access-date=2022-03-11 |website=Genome.gov |language=en}}</ref> Candidate genes were the focus of most of these studies until the past decade, when the cost and ability to perform genome-wide analyses became more available. The GLRB gene was identified as a possible target for agoraphobia.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Deckert J, Weber H, Villmann C, Lonsdorf TB, Richter J, Andreatta M, Arias-Vasquez A, Hommers L, Kent L, Schartner C, Cichon S, Wolf C, Schaefer N, von Collenberg CR, Wachter B, Blum R, Schümann D, Scharfenort R, Schumacher J, Forstner AJ, Baumann C, Schiele MA, Notzon S, Zwanzger P, Janzing JG, Galesloot T, Kiemeney LA, Gajewska A, Glotzbach-Schoon E, Mühlberger A, Alpers G, Fydrich T, Fehm L, Gerlach AL, Kircher T, Lang T, Ströhle A, Arolt V, Wittchen HU, Kalisch R, Büchel C, Hamm A, Nöthen MM, Romanos M, Domschke K, Pauli P, Reif A | display-authors = 6 | title = GLRB allelic variation associated with agoraphobic cognitions, increased startle response and fear network activation: a potential neurogenetic pathway to panic disorder | journal = Molecular Psychiatry | volume = 22 | issue = 10 | pages = 1431–1439 | date = October 2017 | pmid = 28167838 | doi = 10.1038/mp.2017.2 | hdl = 10023/11399 | s2cid = 10177012 | hdl-access = free }}</ref> An area still in development is reviewing [[Epigenetics|epigenetic]] components or the interaction of the environment on genes through methylation. A number of genes are being examined through this epigenetic lens which may be linked with social anxiety disorder, including MAOA, CRHR1, and OXTR.<ref name=":1" /> Each phobia related disorder has some degree of genetic susceptibility. Those with specific phobias are more likely to have first degree relatives with the same specific phobia. Similarly, social anxiety disorder is found two to six times more frequently in those with first degree relatives that have it versus those that do not. Agoraphobia is believed to have the strongest genetic association.<ref name="DSM5Social" /><ref name=":1" />