Editing Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949 (section)

== Parliament Act 1949 ==
{{main|Parliament Act 1949}}
{{Infobox UK legislation
|short_title = Parliament Act 1949
|type        = Act
|parliament = Parliament of the United Kingdom
|long_title = An Act to amend the Parliament Act 1911.
|year       = 1949
|statute_book_chapter = [[12, 13 & 14 Geo. 6]]. c. 103
|introduced_by =
|territorial_extent = United Kingdom
|royal_assent = 16 December 1949
|commencement = 16 December 1949
|repeal_date =
|amendments = [[Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1986]]
|amends = [[Parliament Act 1911]]
|repealing_legislation =
|status = Amended
|original_text = https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Geo6/12-13-14/103/enacted
|legislation_history =
|revised_text = https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Geo6/12-13-14/103
}}
[[File:Attlee BW cropped.jpg|thumb|right|150px|upright|[[Clement Attlee]]]]

Immediately after the Second World War, the Labour government of [[Clement Attlee]] decided to amend the 1911 Act to reduce further the power of the Lords, as a result of their fears that their radical programme of [[nationalisation]] would be delayed by the Lords and hence would not be completed within the life of the parliament.<ref name="AB2R">{{cite web|url= http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld200001/ldhansrd/vo010119/text/10119-01.htm#10119-01_head1
|title=House of Lords Hansard for 19&nbsp;January&nbsp;2001 (pt 1)|publisher=The Stationery Office|date=19 January 2001 |access-date=9 October 2006}}</ref> The House of Lords did not interfere with nationalisations in 1945 or 1946, but it was feared that the proposed nationalisation of the iron and steel industry would be a bridge too far,<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.parliament.uk/documents/upload/HLLParlAct1949.pdf |title=The Parliament Act 1949 }}&nbsp;{{small|(103&nbsp;KB)}}, House of Lords Library Note LLN 2005/007, 16 November 2005.</ref> so a bill was introduced in 1947 to reduce the time that the Lords could delay bills, from three sessions over two years to two sessions over one year.<ref name="pnote"/> The Lords attempted to block this change. The Bill was reintroduced in 1948 and again in 1949, before the 1911 Act was finally used to force it through.<ref name="jackson1">[http://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWHC/Admin/2005/94.html ''R. v. H.M. Attorney General, ex parte Jackson''] [2005] EWHC 94 (Admin), 28 January 2005</ref> Since the 1911 Act required a delay over three "sessions", a special short "session" of parliament was introduced in 1948, with a [[Speech from the Throne|King's Speech]] on 14 September 1948, and [[legislative session#Procedure in Commonwealth realms|prorogation]] on 25 October.<ref name="pnote"/>

The amended Parliament Act was never used in the 1940s or 1950s, possibly because the mere threat of it was enough.{{Citation needed|date=July 2011}} The [[Salisbury convention]] that the Lords would not block government bills that were mentioned in the government's [[manifesto]] dates from this time. [[Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 5th Marquess of Salisbury|Salisbury]] believed that since, in being returned to power, the Government was given a clear mandate for the policies proposed in its manifesto, it would be improper for the Lords to frustrate such legislation.<ref name="Salisbury">{{cite web|url=http://www.parliament.uk/documents/upload/HLLSalisburyDoctrine.pdf|title=Library Note: The Salisbury Doctrine|publisher=The House of Lords|author=Glenn Dymond and Hugo Deadman|date=30 June 2006|access-date=10 October 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326072143/http://www.parliament.uk/documents/upload/HLLSalisburyDoctrine.pdf|archive-date=26 March 2009}}</ref>

In every Bill presented to the Sovereign under sections 1 to 3 of the Parliament Act 1911 (as amended) the [[words of enactment]] are:

{{quote|BE IT ENACTED by The King's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Commons in this present Parliament assembled, in accordance with the provisions of the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949, and by the authority of the same, as follows<ref>The Parliament Act 1911, [http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Geo5/1-2/13/section/4 section 4(1)] (as amended the [[Parliament Act 1949]], section 2(2))</ref>}}

The usual enacting formula, used on other Acts, also refers to the advice and consent of the Lords [[Lords Spiritual|Spiritual]] and [[Lords Temporal|Temporal]], and omits the reference to the Parliament Acts.<ref>{{cite legislation UK|type=act|year=2010|act=Academies Act 2010|chapter=32}}</ref>