Editing Optic neuritis (section)

==== Infection ====
A wide range of attributable infectious etiologies have been found to cause optic neuritis and can arise from varying pathophysiologic mechanisms.<ref name=":52"/> The underlying inflammation and demyelination has been shown to manifest as anterior optic neuritis, retrobulbar optic neuritis (normal [[optic disc]]), neuroretinitis (optic disc [[edema]] with the macular star), or anterior optic neuropathy.<ref name=":52" /> It has been proposed that optic nerve involvement secondary to [[Varicella zoster virus|herpes zoster virus]] infection can arise from direct nerve inflammation or an [[Ischemia|ischemic]] mechanism leading to inflammatory [[thrombosis]].<ref name=":52" /> Optic nerve involvement secondary to [[cytomegalovirus]] (CMV) infection has been proposed to involve a similar mechanism in patients with [[Cytomegalovirus retinitis|CMV retinitis]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mansour |first=A. M. |date=June 1997 |title=Cytomegalovirus optic neuritis |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10168894 |journal=Current Opinion in Ophthalmology |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=55–58 |doi=10.1097/00055735-199706000-00010 |issn=1040-8738 |pmid=10168894}}</ref> The pathogenesis of ON secondary to [[HIV]] has been proposed to arise from autoimmune, vascular, and degenerative ischemic pathways.<ref name=":52" />