Editing Nuclear proliferation (section)

===Other developments===
The [[Nuclear Suppliers Group]] communicated its guidelines, essentially a set of export rules, to the IAEA in 1978. These were to ensure that transfers of nuclear material or equipment would not be diverted to unsafeguarded nuclear fuel cycle or nuclear explosive activities, and formal government assurances to this effect were required from recipients. The Guidelines also recognised the need for physical protection measures in the transfer of sensitive facilities, technology and weapons-usable materials, and strengthened retransfer provisions. The group began with seven members—the United States, the former USSR, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Canada and Japan—but now includes 46 countries including all five [[nuclear weapons states]].

The [[International Framework for Nuclear Energy Cooperation]] is an international project involving 25 partner countries, 28 observer and candidate partner countries, and the International Atomic Energy Agency, the Generation IV International Forum, and the [[European Commission]]. Its goal is to "[..] provide competitive, commercially-based services as an alternative to a state’s development of costly, proliferation-sensitive facilities, and address other issues associated with the safe and secure management of used fuel and [[radioactive waste]]."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.energy.gov/ne/international-fuel-services-and-commercial-engagement|title=International Fuel Services and Commercial Engagement|website=Energy.gov|access-date=1 July 2023|archive-date=1 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701200628/https://www.energy.gov/ne/international-fuel-services-and-commercial-engagement|url-status=live}}</ref>

According to Kenneth D. Bergeron's ''Tritium on Ice: The Dangerous New Alliance of Nuclear Weapons and Nuclear Power'', [[tritium]] is not classified as a "special nuclear material" but rather as a by-product. It is seen as an important litmus test on the seriousness of the United States' intention to [[nuclear disarmament|nuclear disarm]]. This radioactive, super-heavy, [[Isotopes of hydrogen|hydrogen isotope]] is used to boost the efficiency of fissile materials in nuclear weapons. The United States resumed tritium production in 2003 for the first time in 15 years. This could indicate that there is a potential nuclear arms stockpile replacement since the isotope [[Radioactive decay|naturally decays]].

In May 1995, NPT parties reaffirmed their commitment to a Fissile Materials Cut-off Treaty to prohibit the production of any further fissile material for weapons. This aims to complement the [[Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty]] of 1996 (not entered into force as of June 2020) and to codify commitments made by the United States, the UK, France and Russia to cease production of weapons material, as well as putting a similar ban on China. This treaty will also put more pressure on Israel, India and Pakistan to agree to international verification.{{Citation needed|date=November 2009}}

On 9 August 2005, [[Ayatollah]] [[Ali Khamenei]] issued a [[fatwa]] forbidding the production, stockpiling and use of [[nuclear weapon]]s. Khamenei's official statement was made at the meeting of the [[International Atomic Energy Agency]] (IAEA) in Vienna.<ref>{{cite web |author=World War 4 Report |url=http://www.ww4report.com/node/929 |title=Iran issues anti-nuke fatwa &#124; World War 4 Report |date=12 August 2005 |publisher=Ww4report.com |access-date=20 February 2013 |archive-date=14 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130314060908/http://www.ww4report.com/node/929 |url-status=live }}</ref> As of February 2006 [[Iran]] formally announced that [[uranium enrichment]] within their borders has continued. Iran claims it is for peaceful purposes but the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and the United States claim the purpose is for nuclear weapon research and construction.<ref>{{Cite news | url=http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/meast/03/06/iran.nuclear/index.html | publisher=CNN | title=IAEA chief: Iran deal possible | date=6 March 2006 | access-date=20 May 2010 | archive-date=22 April 2009 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090422162401/http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/meast/03/06/iran.nuclear/index.html | url-status=live }}</ref>